Anaerobic gram positive bacilli

Question 1

Gram (+) bacilli, sporeforming

Answer 1

Clostridium spp.

Question 2

Clostridium spp.

• Neurotoxic
• Histotoxic
• Enteric

Answer 2

• Neurotoxic - C. tetani, C. botulinum
• Histotoxic - C. septicum, C. perfringens
• Enteric - C. difficile

Question 3

Clostridium spp. Is differentiated from bacillus spp. By being

Answer 3

spore-forming anaerobe, catalase nega

Question 4

CLOSTRIDIUM SPP.

All are saccharolytic EXCEPT:

Answer 4

○ C. tetani (swarming)
○ C. septicum (swarming)

Question 5

SPECIES UNDER CLOSTRIDIUM

● C welchii & Bacillus aerogenes
● Encapsulated
● Non motile bacillus box car

Answer 5

CLOSTRIDIUM PERFRINGENS

Question 6

Clostridium perfringens

• Infection (3

Answer 6

1. myonecrosis, food poisoning (pork), necrotic enteritis: pig bel (type C)

Question 7

Laboratory Diagnosis: CLOSTRIDIUM PERFRINGENS

• BAP: double hemolysis - complete zone hemolysis due to?
• BAP: double hemolysis - Incomplete zone hemolysis due to?
• Known Factor: CAMP factor; Unknown Factor: Phospholipase D
• Nagler Reaction (lecithinase test)

Answer 7

• inner: teta toxin
• Outer: alpha toxin and lecithinase
• reverse camp
• Ppt/opalescence around the colonies o the side w/out anti-toxin

Question 8

• Known as Canned good bacillus
• Oval and subterminal spores

Answer 8

CLOSTRIDIUM BOTULINUM

Question 9

CLOSTRIDIUM BOTULINUM

1. Block the release of acetylcholine (flaccid paralysis)
2. Neurotoxin; Most potent/ powerful exotoxin

Answer 9

1. Toxin labile
2. Botulinum

Question 12

CLOSTRIDIUM BOTULINUM can cause 2 infant votulism

Answer 12

1. Floppy baby syndrome (Grow in GUT & Honey bee)
2. Sudden Infant death syndrome (SIDS)

Question 13

CLOSTRIDIUM BOTULINUM

Lab diagnosis
1. culture
2. assay
3. lipase +/-

Answer 13

1. not cultured
2. cytotoxin assay (serum)
3. lipase

Question 14

• Known as Tuck head bacillus or Drumstick/ Lollipop bacillus
• Round and terminal Spores

Answer 14

CLOSTRIDIUM TETANI

Question 15

CLOSTRIDIUM TETANI

1. Exotoxin associated with spastic contractions/ lock jaw

Answer 15

Tetanospasmin (neurotoxin)

Question 16

● Agent of Tetanus (“lock law)
● Risus sardonicus Devil’s grin
● Opisthotonus (arching of the back)

Answer 16

CLOSTRIDIUM TETANI

Question 17

• Oval and subterminal spores
• Antibiotic assocated pseudomembranous colitis
• Clindamycin

Answer 17

CLOSTRIDIUM DIFFICILE

Question 18

CLOSTRIDIUM DIFFICILE

• Culture:
• Ferments:

Answer 18

• CCFA (Cycloserine-Cefoxitin Fructose Agar)
• Fructose: yellow colonies (horse manure)

Question 19

ACTINOMYCES SPP.

1. Lumpy jaw
2. draining sinus tract with sulfur granules

Answer 19

1. A. bovis
2. A. israeli

Question 20

ACTINOMYCES SPP.

Peridontal molar tooth colony disease can be caused by?

Answer 20

Bifidobacterium dentium, Eubacterium lentum