Anterior and Medial Thigh

Question 1

what are the three compartments of the thigh

Answer 1

anterior, medial and lateral

Question 2

what are the muscles in the anterior compartment involved in

Answer 2

hip flexion and knee extension

Question 3

what are the muscles of the medial compartment involved in

Answer 3

adduction of the hip

Question 4

what are the muscles of the posterior compartment involved in

Answer 4

extension of the hip and flexion of the knee

Question 5

where do most of the muscles of the medial and anterior compartment attach to

Answer 5

the femur

Question 6

what is the small indentation on the head of the femur

Answer 6

the fovea

Question 7

what is the fovea

Answer 7

a site of small ligament attachment

Question 8

what is on the posterior surface of the shaft of the femur

Answer 8

the linea aspera

Question 9

what is at the proximal end of the femur

Answer 9

the pectineal line

Question 10

what does the linea aspera split into

Answer 10

the supracondylar lines

Question 11

what are the two groups of muscles in the anterior compartment

Answer 11

hip flexors and knee extensors

Question 12

what are the hip flexors

Answer 12

iliacus, psoas major, pectneus and sartorius

Question 13

what are the knee extensors

Answer 13

quadratus femoris

Question 14

what makes up quadratus femoris

Answer 14

rectus femoris, vastus medialis, vastus laterus and vastus intermedius

Question 15

where does iliacus attach to/insert

Answer 15

attaches - iliac crest, fossa, ala of sacrum and anterior sacroiliac ligament
inserts - psoas tendon and lesser trochanter of the femur

Question 16

innervation of iliacus

Answer 16

femoral nerve (l2,L3)

Question 17

function of iliacus

Answer 17

hip flexion

Question 18

where does psoas major attach to/insert

Answer 18

attach -vertebral bodies of T12-L5, IV discs and lumbar transverse proceses
inserts - lesser trochanter of the femur

Question 19

innervation of psoas major

Answer 19

anterior rami of L1-L3

Question 20

function of psoas major

Answer 20

hip flexion

Question 21

where does pectineus attach to /insert

Answer 21

attach - superior rami of the pubis

inserts - pectineal line of the femur

Question 22

what muscle has aspects in the medial and anterior compartment

Answer 22

pectineus

Question 23

innervation of pectineus

Answer 23

femoral nerve (L2,L3) and sometime branches of the obturator nerve

Question 24

function of pectineus

Answer 24

adduction and hip flexion

Question 25

where does sartorius attach to/insert

Answer 25

attach - anterior superior iliac spine | inserts - superior part of the medial surface of the tibia

Question 26

innervation of sartorius

Answer 26

femoral nerve (L2,L3)

Question 27

function of sartorius

Answer 27

flexion, abduction and lateral rotation of the hip and flexion of the knee

Question 28

does sartorius pass anteriorly or posteriorly to the knee joint

Answer 28

posteriorly

Question 29

where does rectus femoris attach

Answer 29

anterior inferior iliac spine and the ilium above the acetabulum

Question 30

where does vastus lateralis attach

Answer 30

greater trochanter and the lateral linea aspera

Question 31

where does vastus intermedius attach

Answer 31

the anterior and lateral shaft of the femur

Question 32

where does vastus medius attach

Answer 32

intertrochanteric line and medial linea aspera

Question 33

where doe the quadracep muscles insert

Answer 33

the quadriceps tendon and the tibial tuberosity vis the patellar ligament

Question 34

what is the function of the quadriceps muscles

Answer 34

extension of the knee

Question 35

what can rectus femoris do

Answer 35

flex the hip

Question 36

innervation of the quadratus femoris muscles

Answer 36

femoral nerve (L2-L4)

Question 37

what are the muscles of the medial compartment

Answer 37

gracilis, adductor longus, adductor brevis, adductor magnus and obturator externus

Question 38

what is the odd muscle in the medial compartment and why

Answer 38

obturator externus as it doesnt adduct the hip

Question 39

where does gracilis attach/insert

Answer 39

attach - the body and inferior ramus of the pubis | inserts - superior medial surface of the tibia

Question 40

innervation of gracilis

Answer 40

obturator nerve (L2,L3)

Question 41

function of gracilis

Answer 41

adduction of the hip and flexion of the knee

Question 42

where does adductor longus attach/insert

Answer 42

attach - body of the pubis | insert - middle 1/3rd of the linea aspera

Question 43

innervation of adductor longus

Answer 43

obturator nerve (L2-L4)

Question 44

function of adductor longus

Answer 44

adduction of the thigh

Question 45

where does adductor brevis attach/insert

Answer 45

attach - body and inferior ramus of the pubis | insert - pectineal line and proximal linea aspera

Question 46

innervation of adductor brevis

Answer 46

obturator nerve (L2-L4)

Question 47

function of adductor brevis

Answer 47

adduction of the thigh and may assist flexion

Question 48

where does adductor magnus attach/insert

Answer 48

attach - ischiopubic ramus and ischial tuberosity | insert - linea aspera, medial supracondylar line and adductor tubercle

Question 49

any muscle that attaches to the ischial tuberosity is known as

Answer 49

a hamstring

Question 50

which muscle of the medial compartment has a hamstring component

Answer 50

adductor mangus

Question 51

innervation of adductor magnus

Answer 51

main body - obturator nerve (L2-L4) | hamstring portion - tibial division of the sciatic nerve (L4)

Question 52

function of adductor mangus

Answer 52

adduction of the thigh and hamstring portion is involved in extension of the thigh

Question 53

where does obturator externus attach/insert

Answer 53

attach - margins of the obturator foramen and obturator membrane inserts - trochanteric fossa

Question 54

innervation of obturator externus

Answer 54

obturator nerve (L3,L4)

Question 55

where does the adductor canal run from/to

Answer 55

The apex of the femoral triangle to the adductor hiatus

Question 56

what does the adductor canal lie under

Answer 56

distal half of sartorius

Question 57

what are the boundaries of the adductor canal made from

Answer 57

sartorius, vastus medialis and adductor longus

Question 58

what is found within the adductor canal

Answer 58

femoral vessels

Question 59

what does the great saphenous nerve pass between and why

Answer 59

sartorius and gracilis to supply the skin of the anteromedial knee, leg and foot

Question 60

what do the muscular branches of the femoral nerve supply

Answer 60

anterior thigh

Question 61

what do the articular branches of the femoral nerve supply

Answer 61

the hip and knee

Question 62

what do the cutaneous branches of the femoral nerve supply

Answer 62

anteromedial thigh

Question 63

what is the saphenous nerve

Answer 63

cutaneous branch that supplies the anteromedial knee, leg and foot

Question 64

what is the obturator nerve composed of

Answer 64

anterior divisions from L2-L4

Question 65

what nerve has anterior and posterior branches

Answer 65

obturator nerve

Question 66

what do the muscular branches of the obturator nerve supply

Answer 66

medial thigh

Question 67

what do the anterior branches of the obturator nerve supply

Answer 67

cutaneous innervation to the middle part of the medial thigh

Question 68

what muscles does the obturator nerve supply

Answer 68

anterior branch - adductor brevis, adductor longus and gracilis posterior branch - obturator externus and adductor magnus

Question 69

what provides arterial supply to the anterior and medial thigh

Answer 69

femoral and obturator arteries

Question 70

what is the profunda femoris

Answer 70

a branch of the femoral artery that has 3/4 perforating branches

Question 71

what artery gives off medial and lateral circumflex branmches

Answer 71

profunda femoris

Question 72

where does the femoral artery come from

Answer 72

external iliac artery

Question 73

where does the obturator artery come from

Answer 73

the internal iliac

Question 74

what branches does the obturator artery have

Answer 74

anterior and posterior

Question 75

what does the anterior branch of the obturator artery supply

Answer 75

muscles of the medial compartment

Question 76

what does the posterior branch of the obturator muscle supply

Answer 76

muscle attached to the ischial tuberosity

Question 77

what arterial structure is on the posterior surface of the femur

Answer 77

cruciate anastomosis

Question 78

what contributes to the cruciate anastomosis

Answer 78

inferior gluteal, medial circumflex femoral, lateral circumflex femoral and 1st perforating branch arteries