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Anatomy Second Semester > Pharynx And Pre-Vertebral Region > Flashcards

Pharynx And Pre-Vertebral Region Flashcards

(80 cards)

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1
Q

Pharynx at the base of the skull

A

Funnel shaped

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2
Q

Where does the pharynx join the oesophagus

A

C6

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3
Q

What does the mucous membrane cover

A

Nasal, oral, larynx and tympanic cavities

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4
Q

What is the pharynx lined by

A

Ciliated columnar epithelium

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5
Q

What does the epithelium of the pharynx connect it to

A

The base of the skull and submucosal coat of the oesophagus

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6
Q

Muscles under the fibrous layer of the pharynx

A

Almost circular constrictor muscles and longitudinal muscles

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7
Q

What are the three divisions of the pharynx

A

Nasopharynx, oropharynx and laryngopharynx

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8
Q

Where is the nasopharynx

A

Behind the nasal cavities, above the soft palate

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9
Q

Roof of the nasopharynx

A

Sphenoid, occipital and pharyngeal tonsil

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10
Q

Floor of the nasopharynx

A

Soft palate and pharyngeal isthmus

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11
Q

Anterior boundary of the nasopharynx

A

Nasal passage

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12
Q

Posterior boundaey of the nasopharynx

A

Roof and level of C1

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13
Q

Lateral boundary of nasopharynx

A

Auditory tube and salpingopharyngeal folds

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14
Q

Where does the oropharynx run from/to

A

The soft palate to the upper border of the epiglottis

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15
Q

Roof of the oropharynx

A

Soft palate

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16
Q

Anterior boundary of the oropharynx

A

Mouth

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17
Q

Posterior boundary of oropharynx

A

C3-C6

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18
Q

What supports the lateral boundary of the oropharynx

A

Thyroid cartilage, aryepiglotic fold and thyroid membrane

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19
Q

Attachment of the superior constrictor

A

Lower part of the medial pytergoid plate, ptyergomandibular ligament, mandible and side of the tongue

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20
Q

Insertion of the superior constrictor

A

Pharyngeal tubercle of the occipital bone, fibrous raphe and middle constrictor

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21
Q

Function of the upper fibres of the superior constrictor

A

Pull the posterior pharyngeal wall anteriorly to close off the nasopharyx
Propels food into the middle costrictor

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22
Q

Innervation of the superior constrictor

A

Pharyngeal plexus (Vagus)

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23
Q

Attachment of the middle constrictor

A

The lower part of the stylohyoid ligament

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24
Q

Insertion of the middle constrictor

A

Greater and lesser cornua of the hyoid bone

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25
What does the middle constrictor blend with
The superior and inferior constrictors
26
Function of the middle constrictor
It propels food towards the inferior constrictor
27
Innervation of the middle constrictor
Pharyngeal plexus (Vagus)
28
Attachment of the inferior constrictor
Lamina of the thyroid cartilage and cricoid cartilage
29
Insertion of the inferior constrictor
Raphe and blends with the middle constrictor and oesophagus
30
Function of the inferior constrictor
Propel food into the oesophagus
31
Innervation of the inferior constrictor
Pharyngeal plexus (Vagus)
32
What can the inferior constrictor be split into
Thyropharyngeus and cricopharyngeus
33
What are thyropahryngeus and cricopharyngeus innervated by
External laryngeal nerves
34
What are the longitudinal muscles
Stylopharyngeus, salpingopharyngeus and palatopharngeus
35
Attachment of stylopharyngeus
Base of the styloid process of the temporal bone
36
Insertion of stylopharyngeus
The posterior border of the thyroid cartilage
37
Function of stylopharyngeus
Elevates the larynx and pahrynx during swallowing
38
Innervation of stylopharyngeus
Glossopharyngeal nerve
39
Attachment of salpingopharyngeus
Cartilage of the auditory tube and then blends with palatopharyngeus
40
Function of stylopharyngeus
Elevates the pharynx
41
Innervation of salpingopharyngeus
Pharyngeal plexus (Vagus)
42
Attachment of palatopharyngeus
The hard palate and the palatine aponeurosis
43
Insertion of plataopharyngeus
Lamina of the thyroid cartilage
44
Function of the palatopharyngeus
Elevates the pharynx
45
Innervation of palatopharyngeus
Pharyngeal plexus (Vagus)
46
Supply of the pharynx
Pharyngeal branches from the maxillary artery and the ascending pharyngeal artery
47
What drains the pharynx
The pharyngeal veins
48
What is the pharyngeal plexus composed of
Glossopharyngeal, vagus and sympathetic fibres
49
What are the pre-vertebral muscles
Longus colli, longus capitis, rectus capitis anterior and rectus capitis lateralis
50
Where are other pre-vertebral structures located
In between the muscular sheath covering longus colli and longus capitis and the carotid sheath
51
Attachment of longus capitis
Transverse processes of the anterior tubercle of cervical vertebrae C3-C6
52
Insertion of longus capitis
Base of the occipital bone
53
What is longus capitis involved in
Flexion of the head
54
Innervation of longus capitis
Ventral rami from the cervical spinal nerve C1-C3
55
Parts of longus colli
Superior oblique, inferior oblique and vertical
56
Attachment of longus colli
Superior oblique - anterior tubercles of C3-C5 Inferior oblique - T2/T3 Vertical - anterior aspect of T1-T3
57
Insertion of longus colli
Superior oblique - atlantal anterior tubercle Inferior oblique - anterior tubercles on the transverse processes of C5/6 Vertical - C4-C6
58
Function of longus colli
Flexion of the neck and rotation to opposite side via the inferior oblique
59
Innervation of longus colli
Ventral rami of the spinal nerves C2-C6
60
Attachment of rectus capitis anterior
Anterior surface and root of transverse processes of atlas
61
Insertion of rectus capitis anterior
Occipital bone
62
Function of rectus capitis anterior
Anterior flexion of the atlanto-occipital joint
63
Attachment of rectus capitis lateralis
Transverse process of atlas
64
Insertion of rectus capitis lateralis
Occipital bone
65
Function of rectus capitis lateralis
Lateral flexion of the head
66
Where does the sympathetic ganglia run from/to
The base of the skull to join the thoracic chain
67
What is the sympathetic ganglia embedded in
Deep fascia between the carotid sheath and fascia over the surface of longus capitis and longus colli
68
What is the sympathetic ganglia composed of
Superior, middle and inferior cervical ganglia
69
Where does the superior cervical ganglia run from/to
Internal carotid nerve to the carotid canal
70
What does the superior cervical sympathetic ganglia form
Internal carotid plexus
71
What is the superior cervical sympathetic ganglia composed of
Grey rami communicants to C1-C4 ventral rami
72
What do the branches of the superior cervical ganglia form
Plexuses of the common and external carotid arteries
73
What are the cranial branches within the superior cervical ganglia
CN XI, X and XII
74
Where do the pharyngeal branches join CN IX and CN X
The pharyngeal plexus
75
Where is the middle cervical ganglion
At the level of the cricoid cartilage
76
What is the middle cervical ganglion composed of
Grey rami communicants to C5,6 ventral rammi
77
What is usually in either the middle or inferior cervical ganglia
Two or more nerve bundles
78
What does the anterior nerve bundle form
Ansa subclavia
79
What does the inferior cervical ganglion fuse with and what does it form
The 1st thoracic ganglion | Stellate ganglion
80
what is the inferior cervical ganglion composed of
Grey rami communicants to ventral rami of C7,8

Anatomy Second Semester (27 decks)

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