Posterior Leg And Ankle Joint

Question 1

How many muscles are within the posterior compartment of the leg

Answer 1

3 superficial and 4 deep

Question 2

What is the common insertion of all the superior muscles

Answer 2

The posterior surface of calcaneus via tendocalcaneus

Question 3

Where do the tendons of the deep muscles pass

Answer 3

Behind the medial malleolus to the plantar surface of the foot

EXCEPT POPLITEUS

Question 4

Attachment of gastrocnemius

Answer 4

Medial head - popliteal surface of the femur superior to the medial condyle
Lateral head - The lateral aspect of the lateral condyle of the femur

Question 5

Innervation of gastrcnemius

Answer 5

Tibial nerve (S1, S2)

Question 6

Function of gastrcnemius

Answer 6

Plantarflexion of the ankle joint

Question 7

Attachment of soleus

Answer 7

The soleal line of the tibia, upper 1/3rd of the posterior fibula and the tendinous arch between the bony attachments

Question 8

Innervation of soleus

Answer 8

Tibial nerve (S1, S2)

Question 9

Function of soleus

Answer 9

Plantarflexes the ankle

Question 10

Attachment of popliteus

Answer 10

Lateral condyle of the femur and the lateral meniscus

Question 11

Insertion of popliteus

Answer 11

The popliteal area of the tibia

Question 12

Innervation of popliteus

Answer 12

Tibial nerve (L4-S1)

Question 13

Function of popliteus

Answer 13

Unlocking the knee joint by laterally rotating the femur on a fixed tibia

Question 14

What are the superficial muscles

Answer 14

Gastronemius, soleus and plantaris

Question 15

What are the deep muscles

Answer 15

Popliteus, flexor digitorum longus, flexor hallucis longus and tibialis posterior

Question 16

Attachment of flexor digitorum longus

Answer 16

Posterior tibia

Question 17

Insertion of flexor digitorum longus

Answer 17

Base of the distal phalanx of digits 2-4

Question 18

Innervation of flexor digitorum longus

Answer 18

Tibial nerve (L5-S2)

Question 19

Function of flexor digitorum longus

Answer 19

Flexes digits 2-4 and weakly plantarflexes the ankle

Question 20

Attachment of tibialis posterior

Answer 20

Posterior surface of the tibia, fibula and interosseous membrane

Question 21

Insertion of tibialis posterior

Answer 21

Tuberosity of navicular, cuniforms, cuboid, sustentaculum tali of calcaneus and the base of the 2nd, 3rd and 4th metatarsals

Question 22

Innervation of tibialis posterior

Answer 22

Tibial nerve (L4, L5)

Question 23

Function of tibialis posterior

Answer 23

Plantarflexes the ankle and inverts the foot

Question 24

Path of the tibials posterior tendon

Answer 24

Passes deep to flexor digitorum longus and runs in the groove posterior to the medial maleolus

Question 25

Medial to lateral arrangement of tendons at the ankle joint

Answer 25

Tibialis posterior, flexor digitorum longus and flexor hallucis longus TOM, DICK AND HARRY

Question 26

What is found between the flexor digitorum longus and flexor hallucis longus tendons

Answer 26

Posterior tibial vessels and tibial nerve

Question 27

What does the posterior tibial artery terminate as

Answer 27

The medial and lateral plantar arteries

Question 28

What is the inferior tibiofibular joint

Answer 28

A syndemosis

Question 29

What is the interosseous tibiofibular ligament continuous with

Answer 29

The interosseous membrane

Question 30

What ligaments are involved in the inferior tibiofibular joint

Answer 30

Anterior and posterior ligaments

Question 31

What does the movement of the inferior tibofibular joint accommodate for

Answer 31

The wedging of the trochlea of the talus during dorsiflexion

Question 32

What is involved in the ankle joint

Answer 32

The malleolar mortise and the trochlea of the talus

Question 33

What is the malleolar mortise

Answer 33

The distal ends of the tibia and fibula

Question 34

What does the ankle joint allow for

Answer 34

20-30 dorsiflexion | 30-50 plantarflexion

Question 35

Where does the capsule of the ankle joint join

Answer 35

The articular margins and anterior extends onto the neck of the talus

Question 36

What supports the joint laterally and medially

Answer 36

Strong collateral ligaments

Question 37

How many collateral ligaments are there

Answer 37

3

Question 38

What are the collateral ligaments

Answer 38

Anterior talofibular, posterior talofibular and calcaneofibular ligaments

Question 39

What does the anterior talofibular ligament attach to

Answer 39

The neck of the talus

Question 40

Where does the posterior talofibular attach to

Answer 40

The lateral surface of the calcaneus

Question 41

Where does the calcaneofibular ligament attach to

Answer 41

The lateral surface of the calcaneus

Question 42

What are the medial collateral ligaments called

Answer 42

The deltoid ligaments

Question 43

Where does the deltoid ligament fan out from

Answer 43

The medial malleolus

Question 44

What are the 4 parts of the deltoid ligament

Answer 44

Anterior tibiotalar, tibionavicular, tibiocalcaneal and posterior tibiotalar