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Cosmetics Lec - K > Anti-Acne > Flashcards

Anti-Acne Flashcards

(83 cards)

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1
Q

Common dermatological disorder of the pilosebaceous unit

A

Acne

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2
Q

T/F: Acne is a disease condition

A

True

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3
Q

Major contributing factors to acne development

A

Sebum
Androgenes
Hyperkeratinization
P. acnes
Inflammation, immune reactions

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4
Q

T/F: Usually acne is in part triggered by excess sebum production

A

True

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5
Q

Main causative agent associated with acne development

A

Propionibacterium Acnes

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6
Q

What stage in Acne Pathogenesis: Hyperkeratosis and Increase corneocyte cohesiveness in the upper sebaceous follicle which lead to microcomedo formation

A

Early Comedo

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7
Q

What stage in Acne Pathogenesis: Microcornedo

A

Early Comedo

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8
Q

What stage in Acne Pathogenesis: Accumulation of shed keratin and sebum

A

Later comedo

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9
Q

What stage in Acne Pathogenesis: Formation of whorled lameliar concretions

A

Later comedo

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10
Q

What stage in Acne Pathogenesis: Comedo may be closed or open

A

Later comedo

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11
Q

What stage in Acne Pathogenesis: Propionibacterium acnes proliferation, which upregulates innate immune responses

A

INFLAMMATORY PAPULE/PUSTULE

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12
Q

What stage in Acne Pathogenesis: Mild inflammation (primarily neutrophils), which increases upon rupture of the comedo wall

A

INFLAMMATORY PAPULE/PUSTULE

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13
Q

What stage in Acne Pathogenesis: Sebaceous lobule regression

A

INFLAMMATORY PAPULE/PUSTULE

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14
Q

What stage in Acne Pathogenesis: Marked inflammation (primarily T cells)

A

NODULE/CYST

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15
Q

What stage in Acne Pathogenesis: May lead to scarring

A

NODULE/CYST

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16
Q

Types of Acne: Blackheads and White Heads

A

Non-inflammatory lesions

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17
Q

Consists of open and closed comedones, which are not inflamed and red because follicle walls are intact

A

Non-inflammatory lesions

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18
Q

Known as open comedones

A

Blackheads

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19
Q

Follicles that have wider opening filled with sebum and dead cells

A

Blackheads

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20
Q

Dark colors in Blackheads are caused by exposure of the top of the comedo to _________

A

oxygen

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21
Q

Known as closed comedones

A

Whiteheads

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22
Q

Follicles opening is closed and have normal skin color

A

Whiteheads

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23
Q

More likely to progress into inflammatory lesion

A

Whiteheads

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24
Q

Closed comedo becomes larger and packed due to debris and inflammation from P. acnes.

A

Inflammatory lesions

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25
In Inflammatory lesions; follicle ruptures, white blood cells and red blood cells migrate to contain rupture, and lesions turn ___________.
red
26
Primary inflammatory lesions; small, raised, usually red, and tender bumps under the skin
Papules
27
Also called pimple; red tender bumps with white pus at the tip
Pustules
28
Deep lesions that are hard to touch, more painful, and deep red or purple of in color
Nodule
29
Large pus-filled lesions resulting from severe inflammatory reaction
Cyst
30
Can result to scarring of acne
Cyst
31
limited to face, and characterized by presence of non-inflammatory closed and open comedones with few inflammatory lesions
Mild acne
32
increased number of inflammatory papules and pustules on the face and affects other body parts
Moderate acne
33
back, chest, shoulders acne
Moderate acne
34
presence of nodules and cysts; facial lesions accompanied by widespread disease on the neck, chest, and back
Severe acne
35
Acne topical treatments
Benzoyl peroxide (BPO) Salicylic acid Resorcinol and Sulfur Topical Retinoids Topical Antibiotics Azelaic Acid
36
Non-antibiotic antimicrobial agent that kill bacteria by producing reactive oxygen species within clogged pores
Benzoyl peroxide (BPO)
37
Increases cell turnover, cleans pores, desquamates skin, and has anti-inflammatory properties.
Benzoyl peroxide (BPO)
38
This topical treatment also addresses hyperkeratinization
Benzoyl peroxide (BPO)
39
Mainstay treatment of mild to moderate acne, in combination with antibiotics and/or retinoids
Benzoyl peroxide (BPO)
40
SE of BPO
peeling, dryness, burning, and redness of the skin
41
T/F: We must also use sunblock together with using BPO
True
42
In BPO, Irritation resolves with continued use during ____________ of treatment
1st month
43
Betahydroxy acid
Salicylic acid
44
Desquamating and comedolytic properties
Salicylic acid
45
Less potent and better tolerated than topical retinoids
Salicylic acid
46
Salicylic acid are _________ products at concentrations of ________ as lotions, creams, ________, facial wash gels, ________, and ___________
OTC; 0.5-2%; foams; toners; cleansing pads
47
Salicylic acid SE:dryness, redness, ___________, ________, and burning
scaling;itching
48
T/F: The use of salicylic acid must be coupled with the use of sunblock/sunscreen
True
49
Available as creams, masks, ointments, and soap bars
RESORCINOL AND SULFUR
50
T/F: Sulfur has antibacterial effects
True
51
Topical Retinoids are____________ derivatives that normalize abnormal desquamation in sebaceous follicles, ______________ coherence of follicular keratinocytes, and prevent formation of new ___________________
Vitamin A; decrease; microcomedones
52
Maybe used as **monotherapy** for the management of **mild** **noninflammatory** comedonal acne with maximum benefit after **3-4 mos**., and as **maintenance** therapy
Topical retinoids
53
Include tretinoin, adapalene, tazarotene
Topical retinoids
53
Topical retinoids are available as:cream, gel, _________, and ____________ formulations
liquid; microsphere
54
**Topical retinoids** SE:___________, burning sensation, redness, itching, and ___________
**transient skin irritation**, burning sensation, redness, itching, and **peeling**
55
Negative effects of topical retinoids can be prevented by using _______________ of active ingredients or _______________
lower concentration; modifying the vehicle
56
Used for mild or moderate acne with inflammatory lesions
Topical antibiotics
57
Include clindamycin and erythromycin
Topical antibiotics
58
With bacteriostatic and anti-inflammatory properties
Topical antibiotics
59
Topical antibiotics are available as:gels, creams, _________, _________, _______, and _______
gels, creams, **lotions, foams, toners, and pads**
60
topical antibiotics are combined wtih
BPO and Retinoids
61
Alternative to retinoids; with comedolytic, antimicrobial, and anti-inflammatory properties
Azelaic Acid
62
Part of the annex that list the ingredients that are not allowed for use in cosmetics
Azelaic Acid
63
Systemic treatments
Oral Antibiotic Hormonal Therapy Isortetinoin
64
Include doxycycline, minocycline, tetracycline, and erythromycin
Oral Antibiotic
65
May cause upset stomach, dizziness, or skin discoloration
Oral Antibiotic
66
antibiotic that may cause sun sensitivity
Doxycycline
67
oral antibiotic that can cause teeth discoloration
tetracycline
68
oral antibiotic that can cause skin hyperpigmentation
minocycline
69
Adjunct therapy in women with moderate to severe acne
hormonal therapy
70
Reduces and/or prevents outbreaks, but not effective for existing lesions (used with topical retinoids for lesions)
hormonal therapy
71
Hormonal Therapy Forms:
(1) Combination ** oral contraceptives suppress ovarian androgen production** , and (2) ** Androgen receptor blockers block effect of androgen**s on the sebaceous gland (spironolactone, cyproterone, and flutamide)
72
May cause headache, breast tenderness, nausea and depression; increased risk of heart disease, high blood pressure, and blood clots
hormonal therapy
73
Oral retinoid for the treatment of moderate to severe acne that does not respond to other treatments
Isoretinoin
74
Targets all major components in acne development, and may be used as monotherapy
Isoretinoin
75
May cause dryness of the skin, eyes, mouth, lips, and nose; itching; nosebleeds; muscle aches; sun sensitivity; and poor night vision
Isoretinoin
76
May increase levels of triglycerides and cholesterol in the blood, and increase liver enzyme levels
Isoretinoin
77
May cause malformation of developing fetus (teratogenic)
Isoretinoin
78
has moderate growth inhibitory and bactericidal effect on Propionibacterium acnes
Glycolic acid
79
squeezing with fingertips and using a comedone extractor
Comedo extraction
80
Include broad-spectrum continuous-wave visible light, intense pulsed light, pulsed dye lasers, photodynamic therapy (PDT), and pulsed diode laser
optical therapies
81
dietary restrictions
oily food, nuts, chocolates, dairy
82
T/F: Efficacy of dietary restrictions as acne treatment is questionable
True

Cosmetics Lec - K (13 decks)

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