Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Pharmacology 2 > Anti-Protozoals > Flashcards

Anti-Protozoals Flashcards

(89 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

which drugs are nitroimidazoles

A

metronidazole
tinidazole
ronidazole
benznidazole

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

describe the PK/PD of nitroimidazoles

A

large Vd
oral

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

what is the main uses of metronidazole

A

giardia
cattle = trichomonas

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

what species uses tinidazole

A

cats

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

what is tinidazole used to treat

A

giardia
Tritrichomonas foetus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

what species use ronidazole

A

cats
pigeons

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

what is ronidazole used to treat in pigeons

A

trichomonas gallinae
histomonas

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

what is ronidazole used to treat in cats

A

tritrochomonas foetus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

what is benznidazole used to treat

A

dogs with trypanosoma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

what are the adverse effects of nitroimidazoles

A

carinogenic
teratogenic
mutagenic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

in what types of animals should nitroimidazoles not be used in

A

livestock

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

which nitroimidazole has a longer half life elimination in cats

A

tinidazole

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

what is the most effective nitroimidazole against tritrichomonas foetus

A

ronidazole

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

what kind of drug is nifurtimox

A

nitrofuran

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

what is nifurtimox used for

A

dogs - trypanosoma cruzi

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

true or false:

glucocorticoids are often given with nifurtimox to advance their effectivity

A

true

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

what aminoglycoside is used as an extra label in goats and cattle

A

paromomycin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

true or false:

paromomycin has a good oral availability

A

false
it has high intraluminal concentrations

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

what species is paromomycin used in

A

cats
dogs
cattle
goats

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

what is paromomycin used to treat in cats

A

cryptosporidia
T. Foetus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

what is paromomycin used to treat in dogs

A

leishmania

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

what is paromomycin used in to treat in cattle

A

cryptosporidia
giardia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

what are the adverse effects of paromomycin

A

vestibular and cochlear damage
GI distruptions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

what are the benzimidazole drugs

A

albendazole
fenbendazole

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
in what animals should albendazole not be used in
cats pregnant animals
26
which benzimidazole is teratogenic and causes myelosuppression
albendazole
27
which benzimidazole is safer and combined with pyrantel and praziquentel
fenbendazole
28
which drug is the first choice for giardia
fenbendazole
29
what is the main use of albendazole
giardia
30
what is the main uses of tetracyclines
babesia theileria anaplasma
31
what are the tetracycline anti-protozoal drugs
oxytetracycline doxycycline
32
in which type of patients should tetracyclines not be used in
liver or renal disease
33
which group of drugs causes acute cardiotoxicity in calves
tetracyclines
34
which tetracycline is safer for renal impaired patients
doxycycline
35
what is the best choice of drug for toxoplasma gondii
clindamycin
36
what type of drug is clindamycin
lincosamide
37
what are the adverse effects of clindamycin
GI issues
38
what are the sulphonamide drugs
sulfamethazine sulfaquinoxaline sulfamethoxine sulfadimethoxine + ormetoprim
39
what is the main use of sulphonamide drugs
treat all coccidia
40
in what animals is sulphonamides best used in
small animals ruminants
41
true or false: sulphonamides allow the host to develop immunity to coccidia
true
42
which sulphonamides are not used in laying hens
sulfadimethoxine + ormetoprim sulfamethazine
43
in what types of animals should sulfaquinoxaline not be used in
pre-ruminating calves or lactating cows
44
which 2 sulphonamides are not used much in poultry anymore
sulfamethazine sulfaquinoxaline
45
what is the only combo approved in poultry for sulphonamides
sulfadimethoxine + ormetoprim
46
what are the hydroxyquinolones
decoquinate atovaquone
47
what are the naphthoquinones
parvaquone buparvaquone
48
what are the hydro. and naph active against
sporozoites
49
true or false: host immunity against coccidia is gained when using hydroxyquinolones and naphthoquinones
false no host immunity is developed
50
what are the hydroxyquinolones used for in farm animals
coccidiosis
51
what are the hydroxyquinolones used for in dogs
toxoplasma gondii babesia
52
which hydroxyquinolone should not be used in laying hens or lactating animals
decoquinate
53
true or false: the hydroxyquinolones have improved efficiency when given with a meal
true
54
what are the naphthoquinones used to mainly prevent
coccidiosis
55
how are naphthoquinones used in cattle
theileria cure
56
what are the naphthoquinones used in cats to treat
cytauxzoon felis
57
what drug is a thiamine analog
amprolium
58
describe the PK/PD of amprolium
small Vd dissolves in water
59
what species is thiamine analogs used in
calves birds
60
what is amprolium used to treat
eimeria infections
61
what are the polyether ionophores
lasalocid maduramicin monensin narasin salionmycin
62
true or false: polyether ionophores have a withdrawal periods
true drug must be out of eggs before can be sold for food
63
what species are the polyether ionophores used in
poultry cattle sheep rabbits
64
what is treated with polyether ionophores
coccidiosis
65
how do the polyether ionophores effect equines and guinea fowls
cardiotoxic
66
how do polyether ionophores potentially effect other animals
muscle toxicity
67
what should not be combined with polyether iononphores
chloramphenicol macrolides sulfonamides cardiac glycosides
68
which polyether ionophore can be active aginst asexual and sexual phases of coccidia
semduramicin
69
which polyether ionophore can be combined with tiamulin
maduramicin
70
which polyether ionophore should not be used in pregnant cows or sheep
lasalocid
71
what are the triazine derivatives
diclazuril toltrazuril ponazuril
72
what are triazine derivatives effective against
sarcocystic neurona
73
what are triazine derivatives used for in horses
EPM
74
what is diclazuril used for in calves, poultry, rabbits and lambs
prevent coccidiosis
75
which triazine derivative is used in neonatal pigs for coccidiosis
toltrazuril
76
what does toltrazuril treat in dogs
hepatozoon americanum
77
which triazine derivative has better bioavailability and is easier to use than diaclazuril
toltrazuril
78
which triazine derivative is used to treat neospora caninum in calves
ponazuril
79
what is ponazuril combined with to better its oral bioavailability
DMSO
80
which nitrothiazole derivative is used for cryptosporitidum
nitazoxanide
81
what are the adverse effects of nitazoxanide in horses
entercolitis
82
why should we not give nitazoxanide to cats
vomiting and dark diarrhea
83
what is the main used of nitazoxanide in horses
used when no other drugs have effect on EPM
84
what are the diamidine derivatives
diminazine diaceturate imidocarb dipropionate
85
which diamidine derivative should be pretreated with atropine because of parasympathetic side effects
imidocarb dipropionate
86
true or false: diaminazine diaceturate does not fully clear infections of babesiosis and theileriosis
true
87
what are the adverse effects of the diamidine derivatives
liver and renal damage pulmonary congestion pulmonary edema
88
what are additional adverse effects of imidocarb dipropionate
azotemia increased urinary GGT-creatinine ration
89
how does imidocarb dipropionate act in horses
not effective in eliminating theileria equi -- latent carriers--

Pharmacology 2 (11 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions