Anticoagulant drugs

Question 1

what does vitamin K do in clotting?

Answer 1

allows the blood to clot properly

Question 2

without vitamin K a pt?

Answer 2

bleeds easily

Question 3

example of vitamin K antagonsits (VKA)?

Answer 3

Warfarin (Coumadin)

Question 4

what does warfarin do?

Answer 4

inhibits vit. K production

Question 5

how long does warfarin stay in the body?

Answer 5

works 3 days later (long half-life)

Question 6

what VKA is only PO?

Answer 6

warfarin

Question 7

Thrombin Inhibitor unfractionated medication?

Answer 7

heparin (works fast!) (short half life)
-large molecule

Question 8

function of unfractionated heparin?

Answer 8

stops antithrombin 3

Question 9

Routes from unfractionated Heparin?

Answer 9

IV sub q (NO PO)

Question 10

what is the antidote for unfractionated heaprin?

Answer 10

protamine

Question 11

what is the antidote for warfarin?

Answer 11

phytonadione (Aquamephyton)

Question 12

what labs do u need to check before giving warfarin?

Answer 12

PT/INR, platelets, Creatinine/BUN, CBC

Question 13

normal INR level?

Answer 13

2-3%

Question 14

what labs should u check before unfractionated heparin?

Answer 14

PPT, CBC, PT (FOR BLEEDING)

Question 15

low-molecular weight heparin (LMWH) is?

Answer 15

chopped up molecules (fractionated)

Question 16

example of LMWH?

Answer 16

enoxaparin (lovenox)

Question 17

Lovenox targets?

Answer 17

more specific for factor X (clotting protein)

Question 18

what is the antidote for enoxparin (Lovenox)

Answer 18

Protamine

Question 19

what labs should u check for enoxaparin (lovenox)?

Answer 19

PPT, CBC, PT, INR (FOR BLEEDING)

Question 20

lovenox is only what routine?

Answer 20

SQ

Question 21

medications for Factor Xa inhibitor?

Answer 21

rivaroxaban (xarelto)
apixaban (eliquis)

Question 22

function of Factor Xa inhibitor?

Answer 22

blocks factor xa
-(factor Xa converts prothrombin to thrombin)

Question 24

people with mechanical heart valve can only take what anticoaug?

Answer 24

warfarin

Question 24

factor xa inhibitors are?

Answer 24

less dangerous

Question 24

INR goal for ppl with mechanical valve is?

Answer 24

2.5-3.5

Question 25

PT lab shows?

Answer 25

how long it takes for blood to clot

Question 26

INR lab shows?

Answer 26

standarized time to blood clot

Question 27

aPPT lab shows?

Answer 27

time it takes to form a blood clot with a trigger

Question 28

PPT lab shows?

Answer 28

old verison of aPPT (time with trigger)

Question 29

PT/INR for what drug?

Answer 29

warfarin

Question 30

aPTT/PTT for what drug?

Answer 30

heparin

Question 31

hematuria is?

Answer 31

blood in urine

Question 32

melena is?

Answer 32

blood in stool

Question 33

ecchymosis is?

Answer 33

bruising

Question 34

epistaxis?

Answer 34

nose bleed

Question 35

hematemesis?

Answer 35

vomit blood