diuretic drugs

Question 1

carbonic anhydrase inhibitors have a lot of?

Answer 1

bad side effects

Question 2

what medication is mostly given for diuretics?

Answer 2

loop diuretics

Question 3

examples of loop diuretic?

Answer 3

furosemide (WORKS fast!!), bumetanide (Strong: needs to be monitered), torsemide

Question 4

Osmotic diuretic are?

Answer 4

increases the osmolarity (concentration) in filtrate inside nephron
-pulls water from tissue

Question 5

what is the only medication of osmotic diuretic ?

Answer 5

mannitol

Question 6

loop diuretic makes u loose what mineral?

Answer 6

potassium

Question 7

what should u check for a loop diuretic?

Answer 7

bp (low DON’T give) and potassium

Question 8

examples of potassium-sparing diuretics

Answer 8

amiloride, sprionolactone

Question 9

2nd most common diurtic?

Answer 9

thiazide and thiazide-like diuretic

Question 10

most common thiazide diuretic?

Answer 10

hydrochlorothaizide (HCT or HCTZ) and metolazone (Zaroxolyn)

Question 11

thiazides inhibit?

Answer 11

reabsorption in the distal convoluted tubule
-inhibit aldosterone
—> increases excretion of Na and Cl

Question 12

thiazides decrease?

Answer 12

SVR and BP

Question 13

what is the ceiling effect and what medication has it?

Answer 13

-used many times–> loses effectiveness
-thiazide

Question 14

who uses thiazides ?

Answer 14

CHF and hepatic failure pts

Question 15

what should u mointor for thiazides?

Answer 15

orthostatic hypotension, low bp, hypokalemia (only lowers it a bit), INCREASES cholesterol

Question 16

what part of the nephron is being blocked in Loop diuretics?

Answer 16

stops NaCl reabsorption in ascending loop of henle
-DILATES blood vessels

Question 17

what causes dilated blood vessels in loop diuretics?

Answer 17

prostaglandins (inflammation) are activated

Question 18

Loop diuretics decrease?

Answer 18

preload, afterload, CVP, SVR, PVR, and bp, K+

Question 19

what should u check for loop diuretics?

Answer 19

bp, I/O, BMP (mineral lab), and daily weight, potassium level

Question 20

you can give what med in IV push?

Answer 20

lasix (furosemide)

Question 21

when should u give diuerics?

Answer 21

in the morning (NOT in evening)

Question 22

other examples of potassium-sparing diuretics

Answer 22

amiloride (midamor) and triamterene (dyrenium)

Question 23

what part of the nephron does potassium-sparing diuretics get affected?

Answer 23

-reduce exchange K+ and Na+ in (distal and collecting tubules.)
-reduces the excretion of K+, H+, Ca, Mg+

Question 24

moniter for? in potassium-sparing diuretics

Answer 24

hypotension and hyperkalemia

Question 25

potassium-sparing diuretics contradicted in?

Answer 25

renal failure

Question 26

aldoesterone receptor blockers examples

Answer 26

spironolactone (aldactone) eplernone (inspra)

Question 27

aldoesterone receptor blockers affecting what part?

Answer 27

distal and collecting tubules (inhibits the Na+ retaining and K+)

Question 28

what would u monitor for in aldoesterone receptor blockers

Answer 28

orthostatic hypotension and hyperkalemia

Question 29

orthostatic hypotension occurs when?

Answer 29

someone is dehydrated

Question 30

what part is being affected in carbonic anhydrase inhibitors?

Answer 30

Proximal convoluted tubule

Question 31

carbonic anhydrase inhibitor function?

Answer 31

forces Na+ into urine (water follows) --> however, u keep H+ (acid)

Question 32

the retained H+ causes?

Answer 32

respiratory and metabolic acidosis

Question 33

carbonic anhydrase inhibitor use?

Answer 33

-open angle glaucoma (med will drain pressure in eye) -edema -epilepsy

Question 34

medication for carbonic anhydrase inhibitor?

Answer 34

acetazolamide (diamox)

Question 35

#1carbonic anhydrase inhibitor side effect?

Answer 35

metabolic acidosis

Question 36

Mannitol is?

Answer 36

osmotic diuretic (an inert rock [body doesn't do anything too it] INCREASES osmotic pressure in tubule-> pee more)

Question 37

when do u use osmotic diuretic

Answer 37

-intracranial pressure (med will decrease cerebral edema and ICP) -chemotherapy

Question 38

osmotic diuretic is only

Answer 38

IV

Question 39

thiazide increases?

Answer 39

calcium absorption