Antihypertensive (Heart ANT-and preload/afterload

Question 1

Pathway of the heart is?

Answer 1

superior/inferior vena cava–> right atrium–> tricuspid valve–>right ventricle–>pulmonic valve–> pulmonary artery–>Lungs–>pulmonary veins–> left atrium–>mitral valve–>Left ventricle–> Aortic valve–> Aorta–>body

Question 2

What are the four chambers of the heart

Answer 2

right atrium, right ventricle, left ventricle, right atrium

Question 3

right side of heart is?

Answer 3

de-oxygenated (only a little of o2)

Question 4

left side is?

Answer 4

oxygenated

Question 5

veins carry?

Answer 5

de-oxygenated blood

Question 6

arteries carry?

Answer 6

oxygenated blood

Question 7

what is something that veins have that arteries don’t?

Answer 7

valves

Question 8

Arteries don’t have
?

Answer 8

Valves

Question 10

arteries features?

Answer 10

pulse felt, efferent (away the heart), in muscle, NO valves

Question 11

vein features?

Answer 11

afferent (towards from heart), not muscular, near surface, HAS valves,

Question 12

what artery is the ONLY one that carries de-oxygenated blood?

Answer 12

pulmonary artery

Question 13

what vein is the ONLY one that carries oxygenated blood?

Answer 13

pulmonary vein (there’s 4)

Question 14

Preload connects to?

Answer 14

starlings law (the more the heart fills (stretches), the stronger it contracts)

Question 15

what is preload?

Answer 15

volume of blood (heart fills and stretch before it pumps)

Question 16

what is afterload?

Answer 16

resistance (the pressure heart has to push against to get blood out)

Question 17

what are the 4 valves?

Answer 17

tricuspid, pulmonary, mitral, aortic valve

Question 18

what is the most “important” part of the heart?

Answer 18

Left ventricle (the thickest part, pumps O2 to body, thickest layer, pushes against resistance)

Question 19

how do we measure LV pressure?

Answer 19

swan-garz catheter (balloon stops blood of pulmonary artery) [PCWP: pulmonary capillary wedge pressure]

Question 20

swan-garz catheter measures?

Answer 20

measuing left sided pressures on right side of heart

Question 20

what is the average mmHG of LV?

Answer 20

60%

Question 21

all veins draining in what atrium?

Answer 21

RIGHT atrium CVP (central venous pressure (0-8mmHg)

Question 22

high CVP means?

Answer 22

fluid overload (too much pressure)
-blood backs up due to no
pumping occuring
-LOCATED: Right atrium

Question 23

wedge pressure too high means?

Answer 23

increased pressure L.S. of heart

Question 24

PVR is and located where?

Answer 24

Right VENTRICLE -resistance from the lungs (is trying to pump blood into lungs)

Question 26

LV does and location?

Answer 26

pumps blood to all of body (RESISTANCE) -SVR (systemic vascular resistance) -SVR is higher than?--> PVR

Question 26

CVP is?

Answer 26

pressure of blood coming back to heart (right atrium refill)

Question 27

preload of right side of heart called?

Answer 27

CVP

Question 28

Preload of left side of hear is?

Answer 28

PCWP (range: 6-15 mmHG)

Question 29

afterload of right side of heart?

Answer 29

PVR

Question 30

afterload

Answer 30

SVR

Question 31

contraction is?

Answer 31

depolarization (QRS waves)

Question 32

relaxation is?

Answer 32

repolarization (T wave)

Question 33

heart empty outs the most during?

Answer 33

systole (emptying)

Question 34

heart fills up the most?

Answer 34

at the end of diastole

Question 35

LVEDV is?

Answer 35

amount of blood in the left ventricle right before it contracts

Question 36

more LVEDV means>

Answer 36

more preload

Question 37

EF is?

Answer 37

ejection fraction (% of blood that comes out of LV after contraction [60-65%]

Question 38

heart rate too fast?

Answer 38

less time for preload