arrt review: GI Studies

Question 1

Alimentary canal order

Answer 1

1. Mouth
2. Pharynx
3. Esophagus
4. Stomach
5. Small intestine
6. Larger intestine
7. Anus

Question 2

in an esophagram, the esophagus should be __________

Answer 2

between the spine and the heart

Question 3

what is achlasia?

Answer 3

rare disease of the muscle of the lower esophageal body that prevents relaxation of the sphincter

“torturous esophagus”

Question 4

Esophagram RAO centering

Answer 4

1 inch inferior to sternal angle (T5-6)
2 inches medial to MSP

Question 5

Esophagram oblique position and degree

Answer 5

35-40 RAO

Question 6

What is Barrett’s esophagus?

Answer 6

complication of GERD, normal tissue of esophagus changes to look like intestinal

Question 7

what is a diverticulum

Answer 7

abnormal sac or pouch formed at a weak point in the wall of an anatomy

Question 8

what is the valsalva maneuver

Answer 8

deep breath, holds in breath while bearing down if trying to move bowels

Question 9

what is the mueller maneuver?

Answer 9

patient exhales then tries to inhale against closed glottis

Question 10

how long is food in the esophagus?

Answer 10

1-8 seconds

Question 11

medical term for chewing

Answer 11

mastication

Question 12

medical term for swallowing

Answer 12

deglutition

Question 13

esophagus originates at ____, passes through the diaphragm as ____, and joins stomach at ____

Answer 13

originates = C6
through diaphragm = T10
at stomach = T11

Question 14

expanded terminal end of esophagus

Answer 14

cardiac antrum

Question 15

order of pharynx

Answer 15

nasopharynx
oropharynx
laryngo-pharynx

Question 16

atomic number of barium

Answer 16

56

Question 17

thick barium ratio

Answer 17

3:1 or 4:1

Question 18

thin barium ratio

Answer 18

1:1

Question 19

hypersthenic anatomy locations
-gallbladder
-stomach
-large intestine

Answer 19

gallbladder = T10-11
stomach = T9-12
large intestine = periphery, transverse/left colic flexure is high

Question 20

sthenic anatomy locations
-gallbladder
-stomach
-large intestine

Answer 20

gallbladder = T12-L1
stomach = L1-2
large intestine = transverse lower to mid abdomen, left colic flexure is high

Question 21

hypo/asthenic anatomy locations
-gallbladder
-stomach
-large intestine

Answer 21

gallbladder = L3-4
stomach = T11-L5
large intestine = transverse/left colic flexure is low

Question 22

fundus sits (anterior/posterior)

Answer 22

posterior

Question 23

UGI RAO degree oblique for
sthenic, asthenic, hypersthenic

Answer 23

sthenic = 45-55
asthenic = 40
hypersthenic = 70

Question 24

UGI LPO degree oblique for
sthenic, asthenic, hypersthenic

Answer 24

sthenic = 45
asthenic = 30
hypersthenic = 60

Question 25

UGI RAO degree oblique general range

Answer 25

40-70

Question 26

UGI LPO degree oblique general range

Answer 26

30-60

Question 27

UGI RAO, LPO, AP Supine, PA prone centering for sthenic, asthenic, hypersthenic

Answer 27

sthenic = L1 asthenic = 2" below L1 hypersthenic = 2" above L1

Question 28

what does the LPO UGI position demonstrate?

Answer 28

duodenal bulb

Question 29

air/barium for RAO UGI

Answer 29

air = fundus barium = body/pylorus

Question 30

air/barium for LPO UGI

Answer 30

air = body/pylorus barium = fundus

Question 31

air/barium for right lateral UGI

Answer 31

air = fundus (per pictures)

Question 32

what does the right lateral UGI demonstrate?

Answer 32

retrogastric space

Question 33

average adult length of small intestine

Answer 33

22 feet

Question 34

quadrants that duodenum is in

Answer 34

RUQ, some in the LUQ

Question 35

average adult length of duodenum

Answer 35

8-10 inches long

Question 36

flexure is supported by the suspensory muscle of the duodenum. what is this?

Answer 36

ligament of Treitz

Question 37

quadrants that jejunum is in

Answer 37

LUQ, LLQ

Question 38

radiographic appearance of jejunum

Answer 38

feathery appearance

Question 39

what is the longest portion of the small intestine?

Answer 39

ileum

Question 40

location of ileum

Answer 40

RUQ, RLQ, LLQ

Question 41

does the ileum have more or less mucosal folds than the jejunum?

Answer 41

fewer folds, thinner wall

Question 42

time calculations for SBFT start when ________________________

Answer 42

patient started drinking for UGI

Question 43

How is the patient positioned for SBFT images?

Answer 43

*prone KUB

Question 44

what does TI stand for?

Answer 44

terminal ileum

Question 45

what disease is primarily located in the distal part of the ileum?

Answer 45

Crohn's disease

Question 46

what is the terminal ileum (TI)?

Answer 46

distal end of the small intestine that intersects with the large intestine