Articulations and Movements

Question 1

What is the role of the skeleton?

Answer 1

Provides a framework to attach the musculature and therefore locomotion
Offers protection to some vital organs. E.g. the brain
Production site of red and white blood cells
Store of calcium and phosphorus

Question 2

How many bones in the skeleton?

Answer 2

206

Question 3

What are the two separate parts of the skeleton and how many bones in each?

Answer 3

Axial 80 and appendicular-126

Question 4

What is the role of the axial skeleton?

Answer 4

The axial skeleton forms the upright axis of the body and provides protection for the brain, spinal cord and vital organs within the thorax

Question 5

How many vertebrae?

Answer 5

26

Question 6

What are the sections of the spine and how many vertebrae in each?

Answer 6

7 cervical 
12 thoracic 
5 lumbar 
5 sacrum- fused into 1 
3-4 coccyx –fused into 1

Question 7

How many spinal nerves?

Answer 7

31

Question 8

How many spinal nerves in each section?

Answer 8

Cervical spinal nerve- 8 
12 thoracic spinal nerve
5 lumbar 
5 sacrum 
1 coccyx

Question 9

How many pairs of ribs?

Answer 9

12

Question 10

What is the roles of the appedicular skeleton?

Answer 10

The appendicular skeleton consists of bones of the upper and lower limbs and girdles (pectoral and pelvic), which are attached to the body.

Question 11

What are the 3 bones in the hand and how many of each?

Answer 11

8 carpals
5 metacarpals per hand
14 – phalagnes

Question 12

What are the 3 bones in the foot and how many?

Answer 12

7 tarsal
5 metatarsal
14 phalanges

Question 13

What is a joint?

Answer 13

places where bones meet

Question 14

Three types of joint and describe them?

Answer 14

Fibrous joints- bones held together by Connective tissue
Cartilaginous joints- bones held together by cartilage
Synovial joints- have synovial cavity and articular capsule and often ligaments

Question 15

An immovable joint?

Answer 15

sutures (fibrous joint between skull bones)

teeth

Question 16

A joint with slight movement?

Answer 16

Epiphysis, vertebrae and pubic symphysis

Question 17

A joint with free movement?

Answer 17

synovial

Question 18

Example of a fibrous joint?

Answer 18

Tough connective tissue membrane between tib and fib

Question 19

What is a cartilaginous joint?

Answer 19

These joints unite two bones either by

hyaline cartilage or by fibrous cartilage (symphyses)

Question 20

What is the concavity of the bone known as?

Answer 20

fossa

Question 21

What is a rounded projection of bone known as?

Answer 21

Tubercle

Question 22

What is the role of the synovial membrane?

Answer 22

acts as lubricant reduces friction and provides nourishment

Question 23

example of where synovial joints are located

Answer 23

elbow, hip, shoulder, knee

Question 24

Where is the hyaline cartlidge located?

Answer 24

Covers the articular surfacee

Question 25

Role of the meniscus

Answer 25

act as a cushion

Question 26

Role of bursa in synovial joint?

Answer 26

to reduce friction and facilitate movement

Question 27

Where is the ball and socket joint on the hip?

Answer 27

Between the head of the femur and the acetabulum of the hip bone

Question 28

What type of joint is located between the head of the radius and radial notch of the ulna?

Answer 28

Pivot joint

Question 29

What joints are used for flexion extension and hyperextension?

Answer 29

Atlanto-occipital and cervical intervertebral joints

Question 30

What is circumduction?

Answer 30

Movement of distal end in a circle

Question 31

What is roatation?

Answer 31

Bone revolves around its own longitudinal axis

Question 32

What is abduction in the wrist known as?

Answer 32

Radial deviation

Question 33

What is adduction in the wrist known as?

Answer 33

Ulna deviation

Question 34

What joint is used for rotation of the head?

Answer 34

Atlanto-axial joint

Question 35

What is supination?

Answer 35

movement of forearm so palms face forward or upward

Question 36

What is pronation?

Answer 36

movement of forearm so palms face backward or downward

Question 37

What joint is used for pronation and supination of the wrist?

Answer 37

Radioulnar joint