Muscle innervation function origin and insertion Flashcards by fintan mccollum

Deltoid

Nerve innervation: axillary nerve

Origin: Clavicle, acromion + spine of scapula

Insertion: Deltoid tuberosity

Function: Anterior fibres- flexion and medial rotation
Posterior fibres- extension and lateral rotation
Middle fibres- the major abductor of the arm

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Trapezius

Nerve innervation: Accessory nerve
Origin: Skull, nuchall ligament and spinous process C7-T12
Insertion:Clavicle, acromion and scapula spine
Function: upper fibres- elevate scapula
Middle fibres- retract scapula
Lower fibres- pull scapula inferiorly

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Lattisimus Dosi

Nerve innervation: Thoracodorsal nerve
Origin: T7-T12
Insertion: Intertubercular sulcus of the humerus
Function: extends, abducts and medially rotates the upper limb

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Serratus anterior

Nerve innervation: long thoracic nerve
Origin: lateral aspects of ribs 1-8
Insertion: Medial border of scapula
Function: Rotates the scapula

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Teres minor

Nerve innervation: Axillary nerve
Origin: Posterior surface of the scapula
Insertion: Greater tubercle of the humerus
Function: laterally rotates the arm

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Teres major

Nerve innervation: Thoracodorsal nerve
Origin: posterior surface of the inferior angle of the scapula
Insertion: Medial lip of the intertubercular groove
Function: Adducts the shoulder and medially rotates the arm

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Pectoralis major

Nerve innervation: medial and lateral pectoral nerves
Origin: Clavicular head - Anterior surface of the medial clavicle
Sternocostal head- Anterior surface of the sternum
Insertion: Intertubercular sulcus of the humerus
Function: Adducts and medially rotates the upper limb

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Pectoralis minor

Nerve innervation: medial pectoral nerve
Origin: 3rd, 4th and 5th ribs
Insertion: Coracoid process
Function: Stabilises the scapula by drawing it anteriorinferiorly against the thoracic wall

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Subscapularis

Nerve innervation: upper and lower subscapular nerves
Origin: Subscapular fossa
Insertion: Lesser tubercle of the humerus
Function: medially rotates the arm

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Supraspinatous

Nerve innervation: Suprascapular nerve
Origin: supraspinous fossa
Insertion: Greater tubercle of the humerus
Function: Abducts the arm 0-15 and assists deltoid for 15-90 degrees

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Infraspinatous

Nerve innervation: Suprascapular nerve
Origin: Infraspinous fossa
Insertion: Greater tubercel of the humerus
Function: Laterally rotates arm

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Biceps brachii

Nerve innervation: Musculocutaneous
Origin: Long head- Superglenoid tubercle
Short head coracoid process
Insertion: Radial tuberosity and bicipital aponeurosis
Function: Supination of the forearm - flexes the arm the elbow and the shoulder

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Triceps brachii

Nerve innervation: Radial nerve
Origin: Long head- infraglenoid tubercle
Lateral head- humerus (superior to radial groove)
Medial head- humerus (inferior to radial groove)
Insertion: Olecrannon of the ulna
Function: Extension of the arm at the elbow

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Coracobrachialis

Nerve innervation: Musculocutaneous nerve
Origin: Coracoid process
Insertion: Medial side of the humerus
Function: Flexion of the arm at the shoulder and weak adduction

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Brachialis

Nerve innervation: Musculocutaneous nerve
Origin: Medial and lateral surface of the humeral shaft
Insertion: Ulna tuberosity
Function: Flexion of the elbow

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Aconeus

Nerve innervation: Radial nerve
Origin: Lateral epicodyle
Insertion: Posterior and lateral part of the olecranon
Function: Extends and stablises the elbow joint
Abducts the ulna

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Pronator teres

Nerve innervation: median nerve
Origin: Medial epicondyle and coronoid process of ulna
Insertion: Mid shaft of the radius
Function: Pronation of the forearm

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Flexor carpi radialis

Nerve innervation: median nerve
Origin: Medial epicondyle
Insertion: Base of metacarpal 2 and 3
Function: flexion and abduction of the wrist

Palmaris longus

Nerve innervation: Median nerve
Origin: Medial epicondyle
Insertion: Flexor retinaculum
Function: Flexion at the wrist

Flexor carpi ulnaris

Nerve innervation: ulnar nerve
Origin: Medial epicondyle
Insertion: Pisiform carpal bone
Function: Flexion and adduction of the wrist

Flexor digitorum Superfilicialis

Nerve innervation: Median nerve
Origin: Medial epicondyle of the radius
Insertion: Base of distal phalanx of the thumb
Function: Flexes the metacrpophalangeal joints and proximal interphalangeal joints at the 4 fingers, and flexes the wrist

Flexor digitorum profunus

Nerve innervation: medial half - ulnar
Lateral half - anterior interosseous nerve
Origin: Ulna
Insertion: Splits into 4 and attaches to distal phalanges of 4 fingers
Function: Only muscle that can flex the distal interphalangeal joints of the fingers. Flexes at metacarpophalangeal joints and at the wrist

Flexor digiti minimi brevis

Nerve innervation: Ulnar nerve
Origin: Hook of hamate and flexor retinaculum
Insertion: Base of proximal phalanx of the little finger
Function: Flexes the MCP joint of the little finger

Pronator quadratus

Nerve innervation: Anterior interosseous nerve
Origin: Anterior surface of the ulna
Insertion: Anterior surface of radius
Function: Pronates the forearm

Opponens pollicis

Nerve innervation: median nerve Origin: Tubercle of trapezium Insertion: Lateral margin of the metacarpal of the thumb Function: Opposes the thumb by medially rotating and flexing the metacarpal on the trapezium

Abductor pollicis brevis

Nerve innervation: Median nerve Origin: Tubercles of scaphoid and trapezium Insertion: Lateral side of the proximal phalanx of the thumb Function: Abducts the thumb

Flexor pollicis brevis

Nerve innervation: Median nerve Origin: Tubercel of the trapezium and associated flexor retinaculum Insertion: Base of the proximal phalanx of the thumb Function: Flexes the MCP joint of the thumb

Opponens digiti minimi

Nerve innervation: Ulnar nerve Origin: Hook of hamate and associated flexor retinaculum Insertion: Medial margin of metacarpal 5 Function: Rotates the metacarpal of the little finger towards the palm producing opposition

Abductor digiti minimi

Nerve innervation: Ulnar nerve Origin: Pisiform and tendon of FCU Insertion: Base of proximal phalanx of the little finger Function:abducts the little finger

Supinator

Nerve innervation: Deep branch of radial nerve Origin: Lateral epicondyle and posterior surface of ulna Insertion: posterior surface of the radius Function: supinates the forearm

Extensor Carpi radialis brevis

Nerve innervation: radial nerve Origin: Lateral epicondyle Insertion: Metacarpal bones 2 and 3 Function: extends and abducts the wrist

Extensor carpi radialis longus

Nerve innervation: Radial nerve Origin: supracondylar ridge Insertion: Metacarpal bones 2 and 3 Function: Extends and abducts the wrist

Extensor carpi ulnaris

Nerve innervation: Ulnar nerve Origin: Medial epicondyle Insertion: Pisiform carpal bone Function: Extension and adduction of the wrist

Extensor digitorum

Nerve innervation: deep branch of the radial nerve Origin: Lateral epicondyle Insertion: Splits in 4 and inserts into extensor hood of each finger Function: Extends medial 4 fingers at the MCP and IP joints

Rhomboid major

Nerve innervation: Dorsal scapular nerve Origin: T2 to T5 Insertion: Medial border of scapula Function:Retracts and rotates the scapula

Rhomboid minor

Nerve innervation: dorsal scapula nerve Origin: C7 to T1 Insertion: Medial border of scapulae Function: Retracts and rotates the scapula

Levator scapulae

Nerve innervation: Dorsal scapular nerve Origin: C1 to C4 Insertion: Medial border of scpaulae Function: Elevates the scapulae

lateral two lumbricals

Nerve innervation : Palmar digital branch of median nerve

Adductor pollicis longus

Nerve innervation: Deep branch of ulnar nerve Origin: Head 1 - metacarpal 3 head 2- capitate Insertion: base of proximal phalanx of the first Function: Base of proximal phalanx of the thumb

Palmar interossei

Nerve innervation: deep branch of ulnar nerve Origin: metacarpals Insertion: Base of proximal phalanges and extensor hood Function: Adduct the finger at the MCP joint

Dorsal interossei

Nerve innervation: deep ulnar nerve Origin: Metacarpals Insertion: extensor hood and base of proximal phalanges Function:

Extensor indices proprius

Nerve innervation: posterior interosseous nerve Origin: Posterior surface of ulna and interossseous membrane Insertion: Extensor hood of index finger Function: Extends the index finger

Lumbricals

Nerve innervation: Index and middle fingers - median nerve Medial two lumbricals - ulnar nerve Origin: Tendon of flexor digitorum profundus Insertion: Extensor hood Function: Flex at the MCP joint, and extend at the interphalangeal joints of each finger

Subclavius

Nerve innervation: subclavian nerve Origin: Junction of first rib and costal cartilage Insertion: Subclavius Nerve to subclavius Junction of 1st rib and costal cartilage Inferior surface of the middle 1/3 of the clavicle Function: Anchors and depresses the clavicle