Assessment

Question 1

An organized, systematic evaluation of the patient’s initial presentation, medical history, physical exam findings, and diagnostic test results is _____________.

Answer 1

essential

Question 2

___________________ uses various communication techniques and strategies, both verbal and nonverbal, to encourage patients to express how they are feeling and achieve a positive, empathetic relationship with the patient.

Answer 2

Therapeutic Communication

Question 3

__________________ is the connection between you and your patients.

Answer 3

Engagement

Question 4

__________ refers to your sincere identification with the patient’s feelings of anxiety, pain, fear, panic or loss.

Answer 4

Empathy

Question 5

______________ of your patients fortifies your bond by letting them know what is happening and what you are doing.

Answer 5

Education

Question 6

____________ , which includes facial expressions, body language, and eye contact, is a powerful form of communication.

Answer 6

Nonverbal communication

Question 7

__________________ involved good judgement combined with a knowledge of anatomy, physiology, and pathophysiology seasoned by clinical experience to direct questioning about the patient’s complaints.

Answer 7

Clinical reasoning

Question 8

________________ is a working hypothesis of the nature of the problem.

Answer 8

differential diagnosis

Question 9

_________ is the presumed cause of the patient’s condition

Answer 9

working diagnosis

Question 10

___________________ is a process in which decisions are made about a patient’s healthcare problems and appropriate therapeutic interventions are considered and implemented to improve a patient’s outcome

Answer 10

clinical decision making

Question 11

_______ is a process of recognizing and classifying data (patterns) based on past knowledge and experience.

Answer 11

pattern recognition

Question 12

______________________ is a reliable process for reducing patient morbidity and mortality by identifying a broad range of medical emergencies early and managing them effectively.

Answer 12

AMLS assessment pathway

Question 13

It is important to protect the _____________ of a crime scene and preservation of associated evidence, as well as the safety of the victim.

Answer 13

integrity

Question 14

The _____________________ is what the patient, family member, or friend reports to you as as or her primary concern.

Answer 14

chief complaint

Question 15

The __________________ identifies life-threatening presentations and establishes immediate management strategies.

Answer 15

primary survey

Question 16

LOC is associated with the function of the ________________ and the cerebral hemispheres.

Answer 16

Reticular Activating system

Question 17

___________________ is a high-level neurologic function and demonstrates a response to person, place and time.

Answer 17

Awareness

Question 18

A GCS score of ________ or less often indicates the need for aggressive airway management.

Answer 18

8

Question 19

If you __________ the patient for too long, you may create new problems, such as hypoxia and bradycardia secondary to vagal stimulation.

Answer 19

suction

Question 20

Lung Sound: a hollow bubbling sound, and upper airway condition

Answer 20

gurgling

Question 21

Lung Sound: A harsh, high pitched sound heard during inhalation; indicates narrowing, usually as a result of swelling in the upper airway.

Answer 21

Stridor

Question 22

Lung Sound: High pitched, whistling sounds made by air being forced through narrow airways, which makes them vibrate.

Answer 22

Wheezing

Question 23

Lung Sound: Typically described as the sound of hair rolling between your fingers.

Answer 23

Rales

Question 24

Lug Sound: Low pitched crackles caused by secretions in the larger airways

Answer 24

Rhonchi

Question 25

An _______________ can be auscultated at the apex of he heart near the fifth intercostal space, a landmark known as the point of maximum impulse.

Answer 25

apical pulse

Question 26

A blanching time of more than _______ is considered an indicator that capillary blood is being inappropriately shunted.

Answer 26

2 seconds

Question 27

____________________ is calculated by subtracting diastolic blood pressure from systolic blood pressure.

Answer 27

Pulse Pressure

Question 28

A ________________ pulse pressure may indicate shock or cardiac tamponade.

Answer 28

Narrowing

Question 29

Holding a fist on the chest is known as _________________.

Answer 29

Levine's Sign

Question 30

Decorticate posturing indicates dysfunction of the _________________.

Answer 30

cerebral cortex

Question 31

The history f the present illness can be obtained by using the mnemonic _____________.

Answer 31

OPQRST

Question 32

______________ pain is from internal organs and often vague and difficult to localize.

Answer 32

Visceral

Question 33

________________ pain can be precisely located and more likely to be sharp or stabbing in nature.

Answer 33

Somatic

Question 34

Abdominal Distention with pain in the shoulder is known as _________________.

Answer 34

Kehr's Sign

Question 35

________________ are the subjective perceptions of what the patient feels, such as nausea, or has experienced, such as a sensation of seeing flashing lights.

Answer 35

Symptoms

Question 36

_________ are objective data you or another healthcare professional have observed, felt, seen, heard, touched, or smelled and usually measured, such as data indicating tachycardia.

Answer 36

Signs

Question 37

The __________________ consists of two elements - obtaining vital signs measuring overall body function and performing a head-to-toe surgery evaluating the workings of specific body systems.

Answer 37

secondary survey

Question 38

_______________ is the tension exerted by blood on the arterial walls.

Answer 38

Blood pressure

Question 39

_________ are abnormal sounds sometimes heard when the carotid arteries are auscultated; they produce high pitched sounds indicating blood flow obstruction in those vessels.

Answer 39

Bruits

Question 40

Upper right quadrant tenderness that worries with inspiration, known as _____________, is an indication of the presence of gallstones and cholecystitis.

Answer 40

Murphy's Sign

Question 41

____________________ is the name of the area over the right side of the abdomen, one-third of the distance from the anterior superior iliac spine to the umbilicus.

Answer 41

McBurney's Point

Question 42

Palpation of the left lower quadrant eliciting pain in the right lower quadrant, called ________________, can also be an indicator of appendicitis.

Answer 42

Rovsing's Sign

Question 43

A positive ______________ test is indicated by abnormal extension of the great toe and fanning of the remaining toes, a response called dorsiflexion.

Answer 43

Babinski

Question 44

A ___________________ takes advantage of the hemoglobin's propensity to absorb light, which results in an indirect measurement of oxygen saturation.

Answer 44

pulse oximeter

Question 45

The normal value of ETCO2 in the blood is between _____________ mmHg.

Answer 45

32 - 43

Question 46

_________________ is the quantitative measurement of CO2 without the waveform.

Answer 46

Capnometry

Question 47

_________________ causes retention of CO2, leading to respiratory acidosis.

Answer 47

Hypoventilation

Question 48

The American Geriatrics Society has estimated more than _________ of all EMS calls are in response to an older adult patient.

Answer 48

one third

Question 49

____________ is the absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion of medications.

Answer 49

Pharmacokinetics

Question 50

__________ is an excessive amount of weight relative to height.

Answer 50

Obesity

Question 51

Maternal physiology changes as early as the _________ trimester of pregnancy.

Answer 51

first

Question 52

A thorough ___________ ensures appropriate interventions and better patient outcomes.

Answer 52

patient assessment

Question 53

______________ is especially important in situations such as suicide attempts, drug overdoes, and cases of domestic assault.

Answer 53

Empathy

Question 54

Explain to the patient how the benefits of the ______________ outweigh the risks.

Answer 54

intervention

Question 55

Look for ____________________ behaviors (cues), such as facial affect and body positioning, indicating whether the patient feels at ease.

Answer 55

nonverbal

Question 56

A significant number of illnesses and injuries can be ruled out quickly by just determining the __________________.

Answer 56

chief complaint

Question 57

One's clinical decision making skills become more and more reliable with ________________.

Answer 57

experience

Question 58

The presence or absence of pertinent _________________________ associated with the initial presentation is equally important.

Answer 58

signs or symptoms

Question 59

____________________ protect not only the healthcare providers, but also patients by ensuring healthcare personnel do not carry infectious agents from patient to patient on their hands or transmit them via equipment used during patient care.

Answer 59

Standard Precautions

Question 60

_____________________ are conditions and complaints recognized by medical providers as key concerns.

Answer 60

Cardina presentations

Question 61

The RAS is located in the _______________ and is responsible for maintenance of consciousness, specifically a person's level of arousal.

Answer 61

upper brainstem

Question 62

If a mechanical means is required to keep the airway open and patent, you must choose an _______________________.

Answer 62

airway adjunct

Question 63

Respiratory Distress can result from ______________, a condition in which too little oxygen is available to the body's tissues.

Answer 63

hypoxia

Question 64

An elevated level or carbon dioxide in the blood caused by hypoventilation is called __________________.

Answer 64

hypercarbia

Question 65

________ exchange is the critical issue, not the number of breaths.

Answer 65

Air

Question 66

A ______ pulse may indicate poor perfusion.

Answer 66

weak

Question 67

A _____________ pulse may indicate increased pulse pressures.

Answer 67

bounding

Question 68

Decorticate posturing may progress to _______________, a grave sign indicating significant brain injury.

Answer 68

decerebrate

Question 69

Activation of ____________ pain fibers is the root cause of both chronic and acute pain.

Answer 69

nociceptive

Question 70

In awake and alert patients not no cognitive defects, it is appropriate to ask ___________ questions, when asking how they are feeling.

Answer 70

open-ended

Question 71

A description of past _____________, especially recent ones, is important historical information to obtain.

Answer 71

surgeries

Question 72

If the patient has anything but dry, pink, warm skin, you should look for the cause of altered ______________.

Answer 72

perfusion

Question 73

The ________________________ of a patient in the prehospital setting is the most important skill a healthcare provider can master.

Answer 73

physical examination

Question 74

The trachea should be observed and potentially palpated to be _____________.

Answer 74

midline

Question 75

_____________________ is the use of a stethoscope or just your ears to evaluate the sounds the body makes.

Answer 75

Auscultation

Question 76

______________ lung sounds are auscultated over the anterior and posterior part of the chest. Normally these are soft, low-pitched sounds heard over healthy lung tissue.

Answer 76

Vesicular

Question 77

_______________________ sounds are auscultated over the main bronchi. These sounds are lower than the vesicular sounds and have a medium pitch.

Answer 77

Bronchovesicular

Question 78

___________ sounds are heard over the trachea, near the manubrium of the sternum. They are typically high pitched.

Answer 78

Bronchial

Question 79

sandpaper-like sound is an indication the visceral and parietal pleura are rubbing together. This sign is called _________ and is associated with pulmonary diseases such as pleurisy.

Answer 79

friction rub

Question 80

__________________ lung sounds are audible sounds, heard over the normal, nearly inaudible sound of breathing.

Answer 80

Adventitious

Question 81

Additional heart sounds that occur in the presence of ventricular disease are called ____________.

Answer 81

gallops

Question 82

A normal bowel makes a ___________ noise and sounds the same in each quadrant.

Answer 82

gurgling

Question 83

_______________ is physical touching for the purpose of obtaining information, such as when you feel for a pulse.

Answer 83

Palpation

Question 84

abdominal ___________ is a sign of a life threat, such as internal bleeding.

Answer 84

rigidity

Question 85

_____________ entails gently striking the surface of the body, typically where it overlies various body cavities.

Answer 85

Percussion

Question 86

The full-body physical exam is a __________________________ head-to-toe physical examination.

Answer 86

systematic

Question 87

__________ sign is bruising behind the ears.

Answer 87

Battles

Question 88

This condition is characterized by pupils that are noticeably unequal in size.

Answer 88

Anisocoria

Question 89

The ________________ is the pathway by which the spinal cord makes its way out of the brain and into the torso.

Answer 89

cervical spine

Question 90

_________ is the single most reliable indicator of a spine injury or spinal cord injury.

Answer 90

Pain

Question 91

One of the most challenging complaints for you to assess in the field setting is _________________.

Answer 91

abdominal pain

Question 92

____________ is an unsteady gait that can indicate damage from toxicity or chronic neurologic dysfunction.

Answer 92

Ataxia

Question 93

_____________ are stretch reflexes, requiring the muscles being tested to be relaxed and the tendons gently stretched.

Answer 93

Deep tendon relfexes

Question 94

_______________________ is an indication of how many hemoglobin-binding sites in the blood are occupied by oxygen molecules relative to the number available.

Answer 94

Oxygen saturation

Question 95

_______________ is used to monitor carbon dioxide levels in exhaled gases, or end-tidal carbon dioxide.

Answer 95

Capnography

Question 96

A colorimetric capnometer is a device with _________ that changes color in response to pH.

Answer 96

Litmus Paper

Question 97

Most older adults take 3-5 prescription medications, which is referred to as _______________.

Answer 97

polypharmacy

Question 98

____________ is a chronic disease and is the second leading cause of preventable death in the US (behind tobacco use)

Answer 98

Obesity

Question 99

In the early stages of pregnancy, usually the fifth to tenth weeks, abdominal pain, vaginal bleeding, and signs of shock can indicate __________________.

Answer 99

ectopic pregnancy

Question 100

Your gestures, body movements, and attitude toward the Patient are critically important in gaining the _________ of each patient and his or her family.

Answer 100

trust

Question 101

Your _____________ should reassure patients you are there to help.

Answer 101

nonverbal language

Question 102

So-called "tunnel vision"can be attributed to the well-known ___________________.

Answer 102

cognitive bias

Question 103

Cognitive scientists have defined two systems that manage our processing of information:___________ and ______________

Answer 103

intuitive analytic

Question 104

____________________ occurs when the body cannot rid itself of carbon dioxide, causing it to build up in the bloodstream, leading to respiratory failure.

Answer 104

Hypercarbia

Question 105

The combination of abnormal breath sounds and __________________ or retraction is a more ominous sign that abnormal breath sounds alone.

Answer 105

accessory muscle use

Question 106

A ___________ chest can indicate underlying COPD such as emphysema or chronic bronchitis.

Answer 106

barrel

Question 107

If deep breathing causes pain, the patient may have underlying __________________ or a ___________________.

Answer 107

pleurisy pulmonary embolism

Question 108

Palpate the trachea for proper midline positioning deviation can be a lie sign of ___________________.

Answer 108

pneumothorax

Question 109

______________ can signal pulmonary congestion from ventricular heart failure.

Answer 109

Rales

Question 110

Pinpoint pupils can suggest opiate abuse or injury to the ____________.

Answer 110

pons

Question 111

Pupils appearing unequal in shape and size may also suggest _______________.

Answer 111

glaucoma

Question 112

Upper motor neuron lesions, such as the brain or spinal cord, typically lead to _________________

Answer 112

hyperreflexia

Question 113

Peripheral nerve lesions such as with Guillain-Barre syndrome, cause _______________.

Answer 113

hyporeflexia

Question 114

The _____________ Test may be used to check for neurologic function in conscious patients and it patients with altered mental status.

Answer 114

Babinski

Question 115

You will perform the rapid exam on trauma patients to obtain a quick _______________ second impression on a patient's' injuries.

Answer 115

60 - 90

Question 116

_____________ meters measure peak expiratory flow rate, or the rate at which a patient can breath out.

Answer 116

Peak Flow

Question 117

An ________ records the electrical activity of the atrial and ventricular cells of the heart and represents this activity as specific waveforms and complexes.

Answer 117

ECG

Question 118

The _________________ of the thoracic spine that often occurs with advancing age can make expanding the lungs more difficult.

Answer 118

Kyphosis

Question 119

Pregnant patients in the fifth to tenth weeks should be assessed for pregnancy-induced __________________ and gestational diabetes.

Answer 119

hypertension

Question 120

As altitude increases, the amount of _________________ in the helicopter decreases as fresh air from the outside is drawn into the cabin.

Answer 120

moisture