Autonomics

Question 1

Parasympathetic nervous system

Answer 1

rest and giest
placid
peaceful
calm

Question 2

Sympathetic

Answer 2

feed fight flee fuck
stressed
irritale
afraid
all jacked up

Question 3

Where do parasympathetics originate>

Answer 3

brainstem (CN III, VII, IX, X)

and and sacral cord (S2-S4)

Question 4

Where do sympathetics originate?

Answer 4

Spinal cord (T1-L2)
lateral horns of gray matter of spina cord

Question 5

Do fibers come from the brain?

Answer 5

No, they come from the root

Question 6

Do brainstem cranial nerve have any symptatheic function?

Answer 6

NO

parasympathetic only

Question 7

What is a preganglionic neuron?

Answer 7

fiber before synapse/ganglia

Question 8

Where do sympathetic preganglionic neurons go?

Answer 8

ventral root-> white rami -> enter sympathetic trunk

motor (ventral)

Question 9

Where are sympathetic ganglionic neurons located?

Answer 9

in sympathetic chain ganglia or collateral ganglia outside sympathetic trunk

Question 10

Describe sympathetic pre ganglionic fibers?

Answer 10

short and myelinated

“short arm/long fingers”

EXCEPT splanchnics

Question 11

Describe sympathetic post ganglionic fibers?

Answer 11

long and unmyelinated

Question 12

What is vasomotor tone?

Answer 12

Sympathetic tone- always basal level of sympathetic

Question 13

Where do parasympathetic preganglionic neurons go?

Answer 13

through cranial nerves III, VII, IX, X and S2-S4 to synpase with peripheral ganglia located near or on effector organ

Question 14

Where are parasympathetic ganglionic neurons located?

Answer 14

within peripheral ganglia

Question 15

Describe parasympathetic preganglionic fibers?

Answer 15

long and myelinated

“long arm/short fingers”

Question 16

Describe parasympathetic post ganglionic fibers

Answer 16

short and not myelinated

Question 17

What neurotransmitters are used in sympathetic?

Answer 17

pregang- Ach

Postgang- NE

Question 18

What neurotransmitters are used in parasympathetic?

Answer 18

Pregang AND postgang- Ach

Question 19

Where do splanchnics synapse?

Answer 19

close to visceral target

pregang exception to short/long rule for sympathetics

Question 20

How do autonomics relate to peni?

Answer 20

parasym- erection (point)

symp- ejaculation (shoot)

Question 21

What are the prevertebral splancnics?

Answer 21

Greater splancnic
come out of lateral horn in thoracic cord
dont synpase- go to aorta and synapse with coeliac ganglion
T5-9 = coeliac ganglion

T7-L1= superior mesenteric gang
T12 renal gang
T9-T10 inferior mesenteric gang

Question 22

What does X do?

Answer 22

slows heart and speed up digestion

Question 23

What is a spancnic?

Answer 23

Does not synapase on chain ganglia

Question 24

Where is the lateral horn of chain?

Answer 24

only present in thoracic cord

Question 25

what is a ramus?

Answer 25

Attach ganglia to spinal nerve

Question 26

What is white vs gray fibers?

Answer 26

WIGO white in grey out white myelinated enter the sympathetic chain glangia Grey unmyelinated exit the chain ganglia

Question 27

How do post ganglionic sympathetic fibers get to target if there are no lateral horn (IML) in the cervical cord?

Answer 27

pre gang travel up from thoracic cord to wrap around blood vessels and follow peripheral nerves to travel with artery to get to target and synapse in the superior, middle, and inferior cervical chain ganglia ie. dilator pupillae, tarsal muscle of eyelid, sweating of face

Question 28

What forms the enteric nervous system?

Answer 28

myenteric plexus (Auerbachs) and submucosal plexus (Meissners)

Question 29

What is Hirschprungs disease?

Answer 29

myenteric plexus ganglion cells missing because neural crest cells fail to migrate into large intestine during fetal development. Presents with baby failing to pass meconium (first stool) after delivery.

Question 30

What is miosis, ptosis, anhidrosis?

Answer 30

``` miosis= constricted pupil ptosis= drooping eye lid anhidrosis= not sweating ```

Question 31

What is horners syndrome?

Answer 31

miosis, ptosis, anhydrosis on same side lost sympathetics- cut

Question 32

history of tachycardia. Beta blockers prescibed with hinhibit action of norepineprhinse. Why?

Answer 32

post gang sympathetic fibers release NE at the their target cells which increases heart rate

Question 33

Trouble seeing at night whch is not related to his retina or carrot consuptions. What may be the cause?

Answer 33

he lost sympathetic innervation to his pupil

Question 34

What cranial nerves have parasympathetic function?

Answer 34

3, 7, 9, 10

Question 35

What ganglion do parasympathethic system use?

Answer 35

CPOS cillary (3),otic (9), pterygopalatine (7), submandibular (7)

Question 36

What do splancnics do?

Answer 36

pelvic = parasympathatic from nuclei in scaral cord pee, poop, point sacral = sympathetic stop pee, stop poop, shoot

Question 37

Where do parasympathethic CPOS go?

Answer 37

cillary (3)- cillary body, comonodation sphinter pupillae constricts (small pupil, round lens) otic (9), - parotid secrets (saliva) pterygopalatine (7)- cry baby lacrimal grands (tears and snot) submandibular (7)- submandibular and sublingual glands secret (saliva)

Question 38

What do 3, 7, 9, use to get to target ganglia?

Answer 38

branches of 5 10 does NOT hitch a ride

Question 39

Where does greater petrosal nerve go?

Answer 39

Joins sympathetics in nerve of pterygoid canal

Question 40

Where do sympathetics go?

Answer 40

Travel up carotid to oppose parasympathetics. they do not synapse in the ptygopalatine ganglion

Question 41

Face paralyzed on both sides with Bell's palsy. What else is affected?

Answer 41

loss of taste- anterior tongue loss of tears