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Gluteus and Posterior Thigh Flashcards

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1
Q

Which way does the lower extremity rotate during development?

A

medially

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2
Q

Which nerves innervate lower extremity?

A

lumbar and sacral plexus

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3
Q

What is the blood supply of the lower extremity?

A

mostly femoral artery

obturator a and gluteal vessels also help

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4
Q

Where do femoral hernias occur?

A

femoral triangle where femolral nerves and vessels live

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5
Q

What innerveates the gluteal region?

A

lumbosacral plexus

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6
Q

what is the blood supply of gluteal?

A

superior and inferior gluteal artery

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7
Q

What does the sciatic nerve become>?

A

L4-S3

1 tibial nerve = preaxial
2 common peroneal nerve = postaxial

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8
Q

What does posterior femoral cutaneous n become?

A

S1-S3

1 cluneal n to butt
2 perineal br to perineum

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9
Q

What does superior gluteal n go?

A

L4-S1

glut med
glut mini
tensor fascia lata

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10
Q

what does inferior gluteal n do?

A

L5-S2

gluteaus maximum

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11
Q

Where does n to obturator internus and superior gemellus come from?

A

L5, S1-2

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12
Q

Where does n to quadratus femoris and inferior gemellus come from?

A

L4, L5, S1

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13
Q

What does superior gluteal artery supply?

A

branch of internal iliac

superficial division to glut max
deep division to glut med and mini

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14
Q

what does inferior gluteal supply?

A

musucalr
cutaneous
coccygeal
sciatic

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15
Q

What is the thickening of fascia on obturator internus?

A

pudendal canal (alcocks)

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16
Q

What is the route of pudendal n and internal pudendal a?

A

leave pelvis through greater sciatic foramen
loop over sacrospinous ligament
enter perineum through lesser sciatic foramen

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17
Q

What do glut med and glut min do?

A

both abduct and med rotate

nerve = superior gluteal

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18
Q

What divides superior vs inferior gluteal?

A

above or below piriformis m

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19
Q

What dividies greater and lesser sciatic foramen?

A

sacrospinous ligment

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20
Q

what sits on the piriformis muscle?

A

sacral plexus branches

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21
Q

What causes sciatica?

A

prolapse of disk at L4-5

results in pain

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22
Q

what happens if the sciatic nerve is cut?

A

everything below knee is paralyzed and sensation is lost on lateral leg and both sides of foot

injections in butt should onky be made in superolateral quadrant

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23
Q

What is the thick fascial band that crosses the lateral knee?

A

iliotibial band

tensor facia lata helps to extend knee

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24
Q

obturator internus

Study These Flashcards
A

origin: inner surface of obturator membrane and rim of pubis and ischium bordering membrane
insertion: middle part of medial aspct of greater trochanter of femur
action: laterally rotate and stabilize thigh

Nerve: nerve to obturator internus L5 S1 S2

25
Gemellus superior
origin: spine of ischium insertion: middle part of medial aspect of greater trochanter of femur action: laterially rotates and stablizes thigh Nerve: nerve to obturator internus
26
Gemellus inferior
origin: upper border of ischial tuberosity insertion: middle part of medial aspet of greater trochanter of femur action: laterally rotatates and stabilizes thigh Nerve: nerve to quadratus femoris L4 5 S1
27
Piriformis
origin: 2 3 4 costotransverse bars of anterior sacrum, few fibers from superior border of greater sciatic notch insertion: anterior part of medial aspect of greater trochanter of femur action: laterally rotates and stablizes thigh Nerve: nerve to piriformis
28
Gluteus minimus
origin: outer surface of ilium between middle and inferior gluteal lines insertion: anterior surface of greater trochanter of femur action: abducts and MEDIALLY rotates thigh. tilts pelvis on walking Nerve: superior gluteal nerve L4 5 S1
29
Gluteus medius
origin: outer surface of ilium between posterior and middle gluteal lines insertion: posterolateral surface of greater trocanter of femur action: abducts and medially rotaes thigh. tilts pelvis on walking Nerve: superior gluteal nerve L4 5 S1
30
Quadratus femoris
origin: lateral border of ischial tuberosity insertion: quadrate tubercle of femur and a vertical line below this to the level of lesser trocanter action: laterally rotaes and stablies hip Nerve: nerve to quadratus femoirs L4 .5 S1
31
Gluteus maximus
origin: ilium, sacrum, sacrotuberous ligament insertion: gluteal tuberosity, iliotibial tract THIGH fACIA action: extends and LATERALLY rotates hip, aids in nkee etension via iliotibial tract Nerve: inferior gluteal L5 S1 S2
32
Tensor fascia lata
origin: outer surface of anterior iliac crest between tuvercle of the iliac crest ad anterior superior iliac spine insertion: iliotibial tract (ant surface of lateral condyle of tiia) action: maintains knee extended (assists gluteus maximums) and abducts thigh Nerve: superior gluteal nerve L4 5 S1
33
What runs next to the sciatic nerve?
posterior femoral cutaneous
34
What is the lubosacral trunk?
L4 and L5
35
What is the sciatic nerve?
L4 L5 S1 S2 S3 2 nerves in 1 sheath - tibial portion - fibula portion
36
What is origin of pudendal nerve?
S 2 3 4 keeps shit off the floor
37
What runs with pudendal nerve?
internal pudendal artery
38
What is the blood supply of the posterior thigh?
perforating branches of the profunda femoris
39
what are the two innervations of the biceps femoris?
both sciatic long head = tibial n short head = common peroneal n
40
What contributes to the pez anserinus on tibia?
semimembranosus gracilius semitendinosus
41
What tears when you pull a hammy?
1 of 3 main posterior thigh muscles semimembranosus biceps femoris semitendinosus
42
what is the diamond shaped area behind the knee?
popliteal fossa has popliteal a and v, tibial n, common peroneal n popliteus m
43
What is the cruciate anastomosis?
The cruciate anastomsis = circulatory anastomosis in upper thigh FILM first perfroating artery of profundea femoris artery inferior gluteal artery lateral circumflex femoral artery medial circumflex femoral artery if pathway to popliteal artery by going around blocked internal iliac artery or even upper femoral ie if clot in inguinal ligament n femoral artery
44
what is tredelenberg sign?
butt opposite gluteus medius weakness droops superior gluteal nerve injury pelvis tilts toward unaffected side weak medius cammot support pelvis lecel when foot on mormal side is lifted off ground
45
What happens in superficial perineal space with straddle injury?
scapras fascia pouch can fill with urine
46
Obturator externus
origin bones around medial side of obturator foamen and external surface of obturator membrane insertion trochanteric fossa of femur via tendon action rottates thigh laterally nerve obturator nerve L3 4
47
Biceps femoris
origin long head = lower medial segment of ischial tuberosity and sacrotuverous lig. Short heqad = lateral lip of linea as pera and proxmial 2/3 of lateral supracondylar ridge and lateral intermusucal septum insertion lateral side of head of fibula, small slp to lateral tibial condyle action flexes leg and rotes laterally. long head extends the thigh and rotates laterally nerve long head = tibial sciatic L5 S1 S2 short head = peroneal divison of sciatic nerve L5 S1 S2
48
Semitendinosus
origin lower medial segment of ischial tuverosity by tendon with long head of biceps insertion medial posterior segent of surface of body of tibia distal to medial condyle and deep fascia of leg action tibial divison of sciatic nerve L5 S1 s2 nerve extends thigh, flees and medially rotates leg
49
Semimembranosus
origin upper lateral segment of ischial tubverosity insertion posteromedia area of tibial medial condyle. popliteus mscule facia and posterior aspect of lateral femoral condyle receive slips from major area action tibial dvision of sciatic L5 S1 S2 nerve extends thigh flexes and rotates medial thigh
50
rectus femoris
origin anterior endon of origin from anteriorinferior iliac spine reflected tedon of origin from depressoin just superior to acetabular rim insertion via tendon into base of patella action extens leg and flexes thigh nerve femoral nerve L2-4
51
Vastus lateralis
origin capsule of hip join, femoral tubercle, distal border of greater trocahnter, anterior surface of shaft of femor medail to greater trocahanter, from gluteal tuberosity WIDE insertion lateral border of patella - blends with quad femoris tendon action extends leg nerve femoral L2-4
52
Vastus medialis
origin lower half o intertrochanteric line, medial lip of linea aspera etc insertion tendon medial to medial patellar border and quadriceps femoris tendon. expansion of tendon runs to knee joint capsule action extends leg nerve femoral L2-4
53
Vastus intermedius
origin anterior and lateral superior of body and femur. distal half of linea aspera, distal third of lateral intermuscal septum insertion forms deep segment of etndon of quad femoris action extends leg nerve femoral L2-4
54
Sartorius
origin anterior superior iliac spine and iliac notch just inferior to spoine insertion ends in tendon that dilates into wide aponeurosis which inserts into media surface of upper tibia. segment of inserting fascia blends with fibers o knee joint capule action flexes thigh and rotates laterally. flexes and medailly rotates leg nerve two branches from femoral nerve L2-3
55
Pectineus
origin pectineal line from puc bone anteriot to pectineal line from fascia that covers muscles anterior insertion line leading from lesser trochanter to linea aspra action adducts flexes and rotates the thigh medially nerve femoral L2-4, accessory obturator L3
56
Gracilis
origin lower half of anterior surface of symphysis pubica, all of inferior public ramus, part of ramus of ischium insertion medial surface of body of tibia inferior to tibial condyle action adducts the thigh flexes the leg and rotates the leg medially nerve
57
Adductor longus
origin anterior surface of body of the puis at point where pubic rest joins pubic symphis insertion medial lip of linea aspera between vastus medialis and adductor magnus action adducts flexes and rotates thigh medially nerve obturator, anterior division L3 4
58
Adductor brevis
origin external surface of inferior public ramus between gracilis and obturator externus m insertion proximal half o linea aspea and between the lesser trochanter on posterior surface of femur action adducts flexes and rotates thigh medially nerve obturator n, anterior division L3 4
59
Adductor magnus
origin ischial tuverosity, edge of inferior ischial ramus, anterior surface of infeior pubic ramus insertion along line from greater trochanter to linea aspera and medial epicondylic rdige and adductor tuvercle on the medial femoral condyle action powerful adductor of thigh superior half rotates thigh medially and flexes it the inferior half extends the thigh and rotates it laterally nerve obturator nerve, posterior division L3 and sciatic tibial L3 4

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