Flashcards in B2 Drug Names Deck (247)
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1
Ibuprofen
Reversibly inhibits Cox 1 and 2
2
Succinylcholine
Depolarizing NM blocker
3
Baclofen
Spasmalytic: GABA B agonist
increased K flow-->hyper polarization--> reduces release of excitatory NT
4
Simvastatin
Hypolipidemic: Competitive HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor (rate-limiting step of cholesterol synthesis) and induces high affinity LDL receptors--> reduces LDL levels
Toxicity = myositis and sometimes rhabdomyolysis (monitor creatine kinase) and hepatotoxicity (monitor liver enzymes)
Drugs that inhibit CYP enzymes will increase plasma concentrations of statins!!!
5
Cholestyramine
Bile Acid Binding Resin: Binds BA in intestine and forms complex that's excreted in feces.
Increased oxidation of cholesterol to BA in liver and increased # of LDL receptors--> decreased LDL levels and increased HDL
Toxicity: constipation, deficiency of fat-soluble vitamins (A, D, E, K)
May also delay or reduce the absorption of other oral medications (digitalis, warfarin)
CONTRAINDICATED in patients with hypertriglyceridemia
6
Gemfibrozil
HYPOlipidemic:
agonist at PPAR alpha and INCREASES the activity of LPL (esp in muscles and hepatocytes) --> hyperTG and reduces VLDL
Toxicity:
- GI symptoms
- myopathy
- cholesterol gallstones
Drug interactions: can displace other albumin-bound drugs like warfarin and sulfonyl ureas
7
D- Tubocurarine
Competitive Nm blocker
8
Bile acid binding resins are contraindicated in whom?
patients with hypertriglyceridemia
9
Tizanidine
alpha 2 agonist used as a spasmolytic --> decreases m tone without causing paralysis
10
pravastatin
Hypolipidemic: Competitive HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor (rate-limiting step of cholesterol synthesis) and induces high affinity LDL receptors--> reduces LDL levels
Toxicity = myositis and sometimes rhabdomyolysis (monitor creatine kinase) and hepatotoxicity (monitor liver enzymes)
Drugs that inhibit CYP enzymes will increase plasma concentrations of statins!!!
11
colestipol
Bile Acid Binding Resin: Binds BA in intestine and forms complex that's excreted in feces.
Increased oxidation of cholesterol to BA in liver and increased # of LDL receptors--> decreased LDL levels and increased HDL
Toxicity: constipation, deficiency of fat-soluble vitamins (A, D, E, K)
May also delay or reduce the absorption of other oral medications (digitalis, warfarin)
CONTRAINDICATED in patients with hypertriglyceridemia
12
Vecuronium
Competitive Nm blocker
13
Niacin
hypolipidemic: inhibition of VLDL synthesis and esterification of FA in liver --> decreased plasma LDL, VLDL and TG levels!
Toxicity:
- flushing
- itching (treated by aspirin or other NSAID)
- diarrhea
- hyperuricemia (gout)
- hyperglycemia
14
Using what drugs along with statins causes an increased risk of myopathy?
- amiodarone
- verapamil
- fibrates
15
Dantrolene
Tx malignant hyperthermia
inhibits release of Ca from SR during excitation/contraction coupling
also inhibits ryanodine receptor and Calcium channels in skeletal m
16
lovastatin
Hypolipidemic: Competitive HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor (rate-limiting step of cholesterol synthesis) and induces high affinity LDL receptors
--> reduces LDL levels
Toxicity = myositis and sometimes rhabdomyolysis (monitor creatine kinase) and hepatotoxicity (monitor liver enzymes)
Drugs that inhibit CYP enzymes will increase plasma concentrations of statins!!!
17
pancuronium
Competitive Nm blocker
18
colesevelam
Bile Acid Binding Resin: Binds BA in intestine and forms complex that's excreted in feces.
Increased oxidation of cholesterol to BA in liver and increased # of LDL receptors--> decreased LDL levels and increased HDL
Toxicity: constipation, deficiency of fat-soluble vitamins (A, D, E, K)
May also delay or reduce the absorption of other oral medications (digitalis, warfarin)
CONTRAINDICATED in patients with hypertriglyceridemia
19
How do you treat parities (itching) caused by Niacin?
aspirin or other NSAID
20
Gabapentin
spasmolytic
21
Fenofibrate
HYPOlipidemic:
agonist at PPAR alpha and INCREASES the activity of LPL (esp in muscles and hepatocytes) --> hyperTG and reduces VLDL
Toxicity:
- GI symptoms
- myopathy
- cholesterol gallstones
Drug interactions: can displace other albumin-bound drugs like warfarin and sulfonyl ureas
22
doxacurium
Competitive Nm blocker
23
Ezetimibe
HYPOlipidemic
reduces GI absorption of cholesterol--> reduces LDL and TG
Toxicity: diarrhea, abdominal pain
24
Vigabatrin
Anti-epileptic drug
MOA: irreversibly inhibits GABA transaminase (GTA)
25
Epinephrine
Bronchodilator (lasts 60-90m); rapid action
also used in anaphylactic shock (is a physiological antagonist)
Given Subcutaneous/Inhalation
--> tachycardia, arrhythmias
MOA: sympathetic stimulation of Beta2 receptor (adrenergic agonist)
A/E: skeletal m tremor, tachycardia, palpitations tolerance (short acting drugs)
26
Prednisolone
oral systemic corticosteroid
MOA: Has anti-inflammatory effects. Binds to an internuclear receptor and inhibits the transcription of genes that are responsible for producing cytokines. ESP interleukins
Use: severe chronic asthma
Chronic use can lead to Cushing's Disease
A/E:
- easy brushing
- adrenal suppression
- growth retardation
- increased bone catabolism--> osteoporosis
27
Rocuronium
Competitive Nm blocker
28
Tiotropium Bromide
Bronchodilator: given via inhalation; long acting (24h)
MOA: parasympathetic! Blockage of muscarinic receptors: anticholinergics
Blocks muscarinic receptors in large airways
frequently used in combo with salbutamol (DOC for people on beta blockers)
29
Tiagabine
Anti-epileptic drug
MOA: blocks GABA reuptake by blocking GAT (GABA transporter)
30
