Back and Vertebrae Revised

Question 1

How many cervical vertebra are there?

Answer 1

7

Question 2

How many thoracic vertebra are there?

Answer 2

12

Question 3

How many lumbar vertebra are there?

Answer 3

5

Question 4

How many sacral vertebra are there?

Answer 4

5

Question 5

How many coccygeal vertebra are there?

Answer 5

1

Question 6

In total, how many spinal nerves are there?

Answer 6

31 pairs

Question 7

How any cranial nerves are there?

Answer 7

12 pairs

Question 8

Which part of the vertebrae has the function of weight bearing?

Answer 8

Lumbar

Question 9

Which region of the vertebrae is attached to ribs?

Answer 9

Thoracic

Question 10

Which structure of a vertebra is most anterior?

Answer 10

Body

Question 11

Which structure of a vertebra is most posterior?

Answer 11

Spinous process

Question 12

What lies within the vertebral foraman?

Answer 12

Spinal cord

Question 13

What lies within the intervertebral foramen?

Answer 13

Spinal nerves

Question 14

Name the joint between the vertebral column and ribs.

Answer 14

Synovial plane

Question 15

Name the joint between bodies of vertebra.

Answer 15

Symphysis joint

Question 16

Name the joint found between the atlas and axis.

Answer 16

Synovial pivot joint

Question 17

Name the joint found between the skull and atlas.

Answer 17

Ellipsoid joint

Question 18

At what vertebral level would you find the atlas?

Answer 18

C1

Question 19

At which vertebral level would you find the axis joint?

Answer 19

C2

Question 20

What specific name is given to C7?

Answer 20

Vertebra Prominens

Question 21

What shape is a lumbar vertebral body?

Answer 21

Kidney shaped

Question 22

What shape is a thoracic vertebral body?

Answer 22

Heart shaped

Question 23

What shape is a cervical vertebral body?

Answer 23

Cube shaped (smaller and wider compared to lumbar and thoracic).

Question 24

Name the joint found between the superior and inferior articular processes.

Answer 24

Synovial plane joint

Question 25

Name the two parts of an IV disc.

Answer 25

Nucleus pulposus Annulus fibrosus

Question 26

What happens if someone has a 'slipped disc'?

Answer 26

Nucleus pulposus has herniated through the annulus fibrosus.

Question 27

Which direction would the nucleus pulposus have to protrude in order to compress an emerging spinal nerve?

Answer 27

Posterior lateral

Question 28

What does the ligamentum favum connect?

Answer 28

Lamina of adjacent vertebra.

Question 29

What does the anterior longitudal ligament connect?

Answer 29

Vertebral bodies and IV discs

Question 30

What does the posterior longitudal ligament connect?

Answer 30

Vertebral bodies and discs

Question 31

What does the supraspinous ligament connect?

Answer 31

Spinous processes

Question 32

What does the interspinous ligament connect?

Answer 32

Inferior spinous processes to the processes above it

Question 33

Describe lordosis.

Answer 33

Lumbar and cervical curvature of the spine.

Question 34

Describe kyphosis

Answer 34

Thoracic and sacral curvature of the spine.

Question 35

Which spinal defect creates a 'hunchback'?

Answer 35

Kyphosis

Question 36

Describe scoliosis.

Answer 36

Abnormal curvature accompanied by rotation of the vertebrae.

Question 37

What can assist with restriction of movements in the thoracic region?

Answer 37

Ribs

Question 38

Which movements are permitted by the cervical region of the spine?

Answer 38

Flexion Lateral flexion

Question 39

Which movements are permitted by the lumbar region of the spine?

Answer 39

Extension Lateral flexion

Question 40

Which movements are permitted by the thoracic region of the spine?

Answer 40

Rotation

Question 41

Which movements are restricted in the thoracic region?

Answer 41

Flexion

Question 42

What movement do the posterior vertebral muscles allow?

Answer 42

Extension of the spine

Question 43

What movement do the anterior vertebral muscles allow?

Answer 43

Flexion of the spine

Question 44

Which movements occur when muscles on the right and left side of the vertebral column contract bilaterally?

Answer 44

Flexion Extension

Question 45

Which movements occur when muscles on the right and left side of the vertebral column contract unilaterally?

Answer 45

Rotation Lateral flexion

Question 46

What are the main posterior muscles?

Answer 46

Erector spinae

Question 47

Where do erector spinae lie?

Answer 47

Between the vertebral transverse and spinous processes.

Question 48

Given two examples of anterior muscles which act on the vertebral column.

Answer 48

Sternocleidomastoid muscles Anterior abdominal wall muscles.

Question 49

Name three anterior muscles we need to know lol

Answer 49

Oblique muscles Transverse abdominus Rectus abdominus

Question 50

What is the vertebral level of the spine of scapula?

Answer 50

T3

Question 51

What is the vertebral level of the infeior angle of the scapula?

Answer 51

T7

Question 52

What is the vertebral level of the summit of the iliac crest?

Answer 52

L4

Question 53

What is the function of a lumbar puncture?

Answer 53

To collect a sample of cerebrospinal fluid

Question 54

What can a lumbar puncture help with?

Answer 54

The diagnosis of meningitis Diagnosis of a brain bleed Anaesthetic purposes like an epidural

Question 55

At which level is a lumbar puncture performed?

Answer 55

L3/4 in adults L4/5 in children

Question 56

Why is a lumbar puncture carried out at L3/4?

Answer 56

Prevents damage to conus medullaris

Question 57

Why may a patient be asked to flex their lumbar spine when getting a lumbar puncture?

Answer 57

Spreads laminar and spinous processes apart. Stretches ligamentum flava

Question 58

What is the nerve supply to the erector spinae?

Answer 58

Posterior rami of spinal nerve