Spinal Cord and Meninges

Question 1

what nervous sytem is the spinal cord part of?

Answer 1

CNS

Question 2

What is the spinal cord?

Answer 2

Major reflex centre and conduction pathway between the body and the brain.

Question 3

Where does the spinal cord begin and extend to?

Answer 3

Medulla oblongata and extends to the L1/L2 vertebral level.

Question 4

How many pairs of nerves exit from the spinal nerves?

Answer 4

31 pairs

Question 5

Where are the two enlargemnts of the spinal cord?

Answer 5

Cervical and lumbar enlargemnt

Question 6

Why are some parts enlarged?

Answer 6

More nervous tissue as supply muscles.

Question 7

In the fetus, what length is the spinal cord.

Answer 7

Almost equal to the length of of the vertebral canal.

Question 8

What is the conus medullarise?

Answer 8

Conical inferior end of the spinal cord.
At the lvevel of L1 and L2

Question 9

What is the cauda equina?

Answer 9

Bundle of spinal nerve root and resembles a horse tail.

Question 10

What is the filum terminale?

Answer 10

Continuation of pia mater (internum).

Question 11

What is the dural cistern?

Answer 11

Dilated Dural sac, ends at S2 vertebral level.

Question 12

What shape is the grey matter and what is found here?

Answer 12

H shaped and contains cell bodies.

Question 13

What is found in the white matter?

Answer 13

Axons

Question 14

What are the nissl bodies?

Answer 14

Rough eendoplasmic reticulum in the cell bodies.

Question 15

Which is inner and outer of the grey and white matter?

Answer 15

Grey matter H sahped and surrounded by the white matter.

Question 16

How do spinal nerves exit the vertebral canal?

Answer 16

Through the interveretbral foramen.

Question 17

How are the spinal nerves pairs paired?

Answer 17

In a segmental fashion

Question 18

Which areWhat does ventral rami form?

Answer 18

Nerve plexuses

Question 19

What do nerve plexuses do?

Answer 19

suplly limbs w nerves

Question 20

Which areas of the body does the nerves plexuses supply?

Answer 20

Brachial Plexus to upper limb
Lumbosacral plate to lower limbs

Question 21

What kind of nerves come from the dorsal root?

Answer 21

SEnsory neruons

Question 22

Which kind of nerve comes from the vetral root?

Answer 22

Motor neurons

Question 23

Which kind of spinal nerves come from the spinal nerve?

Answer 23

Mixed neurons- both motor and sensory

Question 24

Which kind of spinal nerves come from the dorsal rami?

Answer 24

Mixed

Question 25

Which kind of nerves come from the ventral rami?

Answer 25

Mixed

Question 26

What are meninges?

Answer 26

Coverings of the brain and spinal cord.

Question 27

Find some differnces between dura, arachnoid and pia matter pls Thinkpia mater is more delicate

Question 28

Where in cerebrospinal fluid found?

Answer 28

Between the arachnoid and pia mater,

Question 29

Discuss the position of the dural sac.

Answer 29

Terminates at S2 vertebral level and attaches tp the tip of the coccyx y filum terminale externum.

Question 30

in the grey matter, where are the cell bodies found?

Answer 30

In the lateral horn of the grey amtter.

Question 31

Where is the thoracolumbar outflow of sympathetic outflow of sympathetic nervous system?

Answer 31

T1-L2 segment.

Question 32

What is the craniosacral outflow?

Answer 32

The neurons of the parasympathetic nervous system leaves the central nervous system with third, seventh, ninth and tenth cranial nerves and second and third sacral nerves. This branch is also called craniosacral outflow.

Question 33

where does the cranial outflow come from?

Answer 33

The brain

Question 34

Where does the sacral outflow come from?

Answer 34

Pelvix splanchnic nerve (S2-S4).

Question 35

What can deficiency of blood vessels to the spinal cord lead to?

Answer 35

Ischemia and muscle weakness and paralysis.

Question 36

What is venous drainage?

Answer 36

Internal vertebral venous plexuses. Drains to the cerebral dural venous sinuses.

Question 37

NEED TO LOOK ATT SPACES AROUND TH VENOUS PLEXES IDKKK HELP

Question 38

How cancer and infection spread to regions of the body involving the spinal nerve?

Question 39

Where does epidural anesthesia go?

Answer 39

Epidural space

Question 40

What is a lumbar puncture used for?

Answer 40

Collection fo cebrospinal fluid

Question 41

Where can the lumbar puncture take place?

Answer 41

L3-L4 or L4-L5, in subachnoid space