CVS Embryology 1

Question 1

Why is the CVS the first major system to form?

Answer 1

Nutrition via diffusion is not enough for growing embryo

Question 2

What happens first in the development of the CVS?

Answer 2

Blood vessels form

Question 3

Where do blood vessels first form?

Answer 3

Cardiogenic field

Question 4

What makes up the cardiogenic field?

Answer 4

Yolk sac
Allantois
Connecting stalk
Chorion

Question 5

What do blood vessels in the lateral plate splanchnic mesoderm form?

Answer 5

Two heart tubes

Question 6

What forms parietal layer of serous of pericardium?

Answer 6

Somatic layer of the mesoderm

Question 7

What forms the visceral layer of pericardium?

Answer 7

Splanchnic layer of mesoderm

Question 8

What forms the fibrous layer of the pericardium?

Answer 8

Somatic layer of mesoderm

Question 9

Where does the pleural cavity form from?

Answer 9

Intra-embryotic coelom

Question 10

Wat is the name of the loop created by the heart tubes when they loop?

Answer 10

Bulboventricular loop

Question 11

What happens if the heart loops to the left rather than the right side?

Answer 11

Dextrocardia

Question 12

Name the most frequent positional abnormality of the heart

Answer 12

Dextrocardia

Question 13

What separates right atrium + ventricle from left atrium + ventricle to form L & R AV canals?

Answer 13

Endocardial cushion

Question 14

What is the role of the foramen ovale before birth?

Answer 14

Allows most of the blood to pass from the right atrium to the left atrium as lungs are not functioning

Question 15

What is the role of the foramen ovale after birth?

Answer 15

Normally closes

Question 16

What does the aorticopulmonary septum divide?

Answer 16

Bulbis cordis and truncus arteriosus

Question 17

What does the division of the bulbis cordis and truncus arteriosus by the aorticopulmonary septum produce?

Answer 17

Aorta
Pulmonary trunk

Question 18

What does the foramen ovale become in adults?

Answer 18

Fossa ovalis

Question 19

What is the most common congenital heart disease?

Answer 19

Ventricular Septal Defect

Question 20

Where is the septum does ventricular septum defect occur?

Answer 20

Anywhere in the septum

Question 21

What happens to small ventricular septum defects?

Answer 21

They close spontaneously

Question 22

Which type of VSD is the most common?

Answer 22

Membranous type

Question 23

In which week are the aorta and pulmonary trunk created by the aorticopulmonary septum dividing bulbus cordis and truncus arteriosus?

Answer 23

Week 5

Question 24

What can the transposition of great vessels cause in babies?

Answer 24

Cyanotic disease

Question 25

What can cause transposition of the great vessels?

Answer 25

1) Failure of aorticopulmonary septum to take a spiral course 2) Defective migration of neural crest cells to heart

Question 26

Which valve structures develop from the ventricular wall?

Answer 26

The cusps, chordae tendineae and papillary muscles

Question 27

Where are the semilunar valves formed from?

Answer 27

Subendocardial valve tissue.

Question 28

What are the early pacemakers of the heart called?

Answer 28

Cardiomyocytes

Question 29

When does the SA node develop?

Answer 29

Week 5

Question 30

What can cause cot death?

Answer 30

Abnormalities in conducting tissue

Question 31

What is formed by the aortic sac?

Answer 31

Aortic arches

Question 32

What is formed by the bulbus cordis?

Answer 32

RV Parts of the outflow tracts

Question 33

What is formed by the primitive ventricle?

Answer 33

LV

Question 34

What is formed by the primitive atria?

Answer 34

Parts of RA and LA