Terminology

Question 1

Was does the anatomical position look like?

Answer 1

The body is erect with feet together, palms facing forward and thumbs pointing away from the body.

Question 2

Describe the position of the Sagittal plane.

Answer 2

A vertical line which divides the body into a left section and a right section. The midsagittal plane divides the body into equal right and left halves.

Question 3

Describe the Coronal (Frontal) plane.

Answer 3

A vertical line which divides the body into a front (anterior) section and back (posterior) section.

Question 4

Describe the Transverse (Horizontal, Axial, Cross-sectional) plane.

Answer 4

A horizontal line which divides the body into an upper (superior) section and a lower (inferior) section.

Question 5

What plane fits this definition?
A horizontal line which divides the body into an upper (superior) section and a lower (inferior) section.

Answer 5

Transverse (Horizontal, Axial, Cross-sectional) plane.

Question 6

Which plane fits this describes this definition?
A vertical line which divides the body into a left section and a right section. The midsagittal plane divides the body into equal right and left halves.

Answer 6

Sagittal plane.

Question 7

What plane describes this plane?
A vertical line which divides the body into a front (anterior) section and back (posterior) section.

Answer 7

Coronal (Frontal) plane.

Question 8

What term means ‘above’ something?

Answer 8

Superior.

Question 9

In anatomy, what term means ‘below’ something?

Answer 9

Inferior.

Question 10

What term describes something nearer to the front of the body?

Answer 10

Anterior (ventral).

Question 11

What term describes something nearer to the back of the body?

Answer 11

Posterior (dorsal).

Question 12

What does proximal mean?

Answer 12

Part of the body that is closer to the centre of the body than another part.

Question 13

What does medial mean?

Answer 13

Toward the middle or centre.

Question 14

What does Rostral/Cranial mean?

Answer 14

Towards the head.

Question 15

What term indicates toward the back/tail?

Answer 15

Caudal.

Question 16

What does unilateral mean?

Answer 16

Involving one side of the body.

Question 17

What term means involving both sides of the body?

Answer 17

Bilateral.

Question 18

What term means on the same side of the body?

Answer 18

Ipsilateral

Question 19

What term means on opposite sides of the body?

Answer 19

Contralateral

Question 20

What term relates to a body cavity wall?

Answer 20

Parietal

Question 21

What term relates to organs within a body cavity?

Answer 21

Visceral

Question 22

What odes axial mean?

Answer 22

Around a central axis.

Question 23

What is meant by the term intermediate?

Answer 23

Between two structures.

Question 24

When referring to right and left, are you referring to your personal right/left or the patients?

Answer 24

Patients.

Question 25

If a patient in prone, what position are they in?

Answer 25

Lying on their stomach.

Question 26

If a patient is lying on their back, what position are they in?

Answer 26

Supine/recumbent.

Question 27

What is the trunk?

Answer 27

The body minus the four limbs.

Question 28

Define the median.

Answer 28

The midline of the body or structure.

Question 29

If something is superficial, it is...?

Answer 29

Near the surface of the body/structure.

Question 30

If something is further away from the surface of the body/sturcture, it is referred to as being...?

Answer 30

Deep/internal.

Question 31

Name the five components of the upper limb.

Answer 31

Shoulder, arm, forearm, wrist, hand.

Question 32

Name the five components of the lower limb.

Answer 32

Gluteal region, thigh, leg, ankle, foot.

Question 33

On what plate do flexion and extension occur?

Answer 33

Sagittal plate.

Question 34

What does flexion do?

Answer 34

Decreases the angle between two body parts.

Question 35

What does extension do?

Answer 35

Increases the angle between two body parts.

Question 36

What is abduction?

Answer 36

Movement away from the midline of the body.

Question 37

What is adduction?

Answer 37

Movement towards to midline of the body.

Question 38

What type of movement is circumduction?

Answer 38

A circular movement.

Question 39

What is circumduction a combination of?

Answer 39

Flexion, extension, abduction, adduction.

Question 40

What type of rotation is internal?

Answer 40

Medial

Question 41

What type of rotation is external?

Answer 41

Lateral.

Question 42

What is medial rotation?

Answer 42

Rotational movement towards the midline.

Question 43

What is lateral rotation?

Answer 43

Rotational movement away from the midline.

Question 44

What does elevation refer to?

Answer 44

Movement in a superior direction

Question 45

Give an example of elevation

Answer 45

Shoulder shrug

Question 46

What does depression refer to?

Answer 46

Movement in an inferior direction

Question 47

What term refers to the forward movement of the shoulder (e.g. reaching out)?

Answer 47

Protraction.

Question 48

Define retraction.

Answer 48

The backward movement of the shoulder (e.g. pick something up).

Question 49

Describe what happens in supernation.

Answer 49

Radius and ulna are parallel.

Question 50

Describe what happens in pronation.

Answer 50

Radius rotates over ulna.

Question 51

Define opposition in regards to finger movement.

Answer 51

Movement of thumb and little finger towards to each other.

Question 52

Define reposition.

Answer 52

Return to anatomical position.

Question 53

What is meant by the term dorsiflexion?

Answer 53

Extension of the ankle/foot so that the foot points more superiorly

Question 54

Plantarflexion?

Answer 54

Flexion of the ankle/foot so that the foot points inferiorly.

Question 55

What does inversion refer to?

Answer 55

The movement of the sole towards the median plane – so that the sole faces in a medial direction

Question 56

What does eversion refer to?

Answer 56

The movement of the sole away from the median plane – so that the sole faces in a lateral direction.