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Bacterio1 Flashcards

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1
Q

T or F

Staph aureus are capsulated in 60% of cases

A

False

In 90% of cases

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2
Q

What’s the importance of the capsule in staph aureus?

A

It’s a virulence factor

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3
Q

T or F

Staph aureus is part of transient NF

A

True

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4
Q

T or F

Staph aureus is gram positive , non spore forming and motile

A

False

Gram positive , non spore forming and non motile

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5
Q

What makes staph aureus more virulent other than the capsule?

A

It’s a gram positive so we have teichoic acid and exotoxins

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6
Q

T or F

It’s catalase + coagulase +

A

Trueee

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7
Q

Can staph aureus do an pyogenic infection?

A

Yes, but clumping factors that will add fibrin (from fibrinogen) thus making the connective tissue larger and do pus.

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8
Q

T or F

Staph epidermidis is coagulase -

A

True

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9
Q

T or F

Major staph aureus infection are skin infections

A

True

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10
Q

T or F

Toxins secreted by the bacteria causes skin infection

A

False

The bacteria itself causes skin infections

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11
Q

T or F

Staph aureus can’t cause systemic infections and bacterimia

A

False it can

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12
Q

T or F

The bacteria itself causes food poisoning

A

False the toxins it releases

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13
Q

List the 4 cutaneous infections caused by staph aureus

A

1- impetigo : no redness no swelling just destruction of skin (not deep), crusting(تقشر)is observed it was pus at some time.
2- folliculitis: present around hair follicles, lesions full of puss,elevated pustule ( حبة)
3-furuncles(boils): same as folliculitis but more puss with edema and pain ( signs of inflammation)
4- carbuncles: several furuncles that connect, inflammation is more severe, form abscess

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14
Q

T or F

The carbuncles can cause systemic infection

A

True the increased amount of sonnected sinuses between carbuncles can reach blood and cause bacterimia

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15
Q

T or F

Staphyloccocal scalded skin syndrom or ritters disease is caused by the bacteria itself ( endotoxin)

A

False it’s caused by the exfoliative toxin secreted by the staph aureus

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16
Q

Does impetigo form lesions on the skin?

A

No

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17
Q

Give the third name for ritter’s disease

A

Bullous impetigo

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18
Q

T or F Ritter’s disease can cause opportunistic infections

A

True

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19
Q

How staph aureus can cause food poisoning?

A

By secreting enterotoxins(exotoxins) (25 mg are enough to cause disease)

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20
Q

Incubation period for causing food poisoning by staph aureus is ——- and the enterotoxin released is heat ——

A

Short (1-8 hrs)

Stable

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21
Q

Treatment of food poisoning (diarrhea-vomiting and abdominal pain)

A 
No antibiotics
Fluid replacement ( symptomatic treatment)
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22
Q

T or F

Toxic shock syndrome toxin ( TSST) secreted by staph aureus can cause toxemia ( toxin in blood)

A

True

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23
Q

TSST is an endotoxin

A

False it’s an exotoxin that acts like and endotoxin because it causes systemic infections(TSS)

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24
Q

T or F

Toxins are plasmid mediated

A

False chromosomally mediated

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25
The name of the medium of staph aureus
Chapman medium: mannitol salt(to inhibit bacteria growth) agar (MSA)
26
List 4 chronic infections caused by staph aureus
1- acute endocarditis 2- osteomyelitis 3- pulmonary infections (pneumonia,abscess) 4- meningitis.
27
T or F | In staph aureus infections serology is crucial
False, it's useless
28
How to prevent the infection with staph aureus?
``` 1- hygeine 2- sterile surgical instruments 3-control nosocomial infections 4- carrier status prevents control 5- No vaccine ```
29
T or F | Staph epidermidis is transient NF
False it's resident NF
30
T or F | Staph epidermidis is catalase + coagulase -
True
31
Causes of staph epidermidis infections
It is harmless unless the skin is breached | Valve replacement l, catheters, shunts and prosthetic joints
32
T Or F | Staph epidermidis can cause acute endocarditis
False, subacute endocarditis
33
T or F | Staph aureus causes more severe endocarditis than staph epi
True
34
Can staph elidermidis cause biofilms?
Yes
35
T or F Staph epidermidis takes the opportunity of an abnormal valve or prosthetic joint to infect
True
36
How do we treat staph epidermidis
Antibiotics : Rifampicin ( to penetrate biofilms) and vancomycin
37
A young lady suffered from cystitis(inflamation of the bladder) after 7 days of here marriage what's the most probable cause?
Staph saprophyticus
38
T or F | Staph saprophyticus is a STI
False it's not transmitted from partners
39
T or F | Tx of staph epidermidis with antibiotics is enough
No we should replace the foreign body first and then give antibodies
40
UTI symptoms caused by staph saprophyticus
Dysuria: burning urine (pain while urination) Pyuria: pus in urine Hematuria: blood in urine
41
T or F Streptococci are aerobes and fastidious
False, strep are facultative anaerobes and fastidious ( متطلبة)
42
How strep is classified according to lancfield?
Classified according to their capsule (A,B,O) or unidentified
43
How strep is classified according to hemolytic activity?
Alpha hemolytic : incomplete digestion(oxidation) producing methemoglobin of green color. Beta hemolytic: RBC are destroyed on the agar , color: more or less transparent.
44
T or F | Strep pyogenes is gram positive and uncapsulated
False it's capsulated gram +
45
T or F | Capsule in strep pyogenes is more important that than in staph
True
46
The virulence factor in strep pyogene is .....present in the capsule
M protein
47
The roles of M protein are: 1-.... 2-.... 3-....
Colonization Anti-phagocytosis and compliment Cross reactivity with heart antigens(immunopathological)
48
F-protein : binds to ... | T-protein: resistant to ...
1- fibronectin | 2-trypsin
49
T or F | TSS is caused by strep pyogenes
True
50
Strep pyogenes is ASO(+/-)
Strep pyogenes secretes streptolysin O so in lab when we you anti streptolysin we have agglutination thus ASO+
51
The other name for strep pyogenes is ...
Strep A
52
Strep A can cause secretion of ... that can induce the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines without discrimination. They attach to ... part of the MHC
Superantigens | Constant part
53
What is the role of streptokinase?
Helps in bacteria spread
54
T or F | Streptokinase was used in medicine to treat clots that causes thrombosis (clot digestion)
True
55
Which bacteria spreads more strep pyogenes or staph aureus?
Pyogeeeeneeesss
56
Arrange these skin infections caused by strep pyogenes from the most superficial to the deepest : necrotizing fascitis,impetigo,cellulitis,erysipelas,myositis
- impetigo - erysipelas - cellulitis - necrotizing fascitis - myositis
57
T or F | In cellulitis we have butterfly wing appearance
False in erysipelas
58
T or F | In erysipelas the margin of infection is clearer than in cellulitis
True
59
T or F | In cellulitis the infections is closes to the vascular beds
True
60
In necrotizing fascitis strep pyogenes (is/aint) the only bacteria causing the infection, the is an (increased/decreased) amount of pus it's also called ...... and ......, it may cause sepsis and ------
Ain't Increased Flesh-eating disease and Fournier's gangrene Death
61
Myositis is when necrotizing fascitis arrives to the...
Muscles
62
How to differentiate between bacterial and viral sore throat?
Pus patches (white) indicates that most probably it's an bacterial infection
63
A sever year old female presenting a sore throat with high fever headache and swollen tonsils. On the physical examination we noticed pus. What should i do
I should directly give her antibiotics, basically beta-lactam like pennicilin or penicillinG or amoxicillin, to prevent the spread of bacteria (strep for example) and causing post-streptococcal diseases like rheumatic fever.
64
Bacterial pharyngitis can lead to .... which is spread of strep in middle ear and ...which is spread of bacteria in sinusis
- otitis | - sinusitis
65
Scarlet fever causes rash in form of dots called ....that are (present/not) on hands and feet unlike ------- We have redness of the tongue we call it .... tongue
Punctuate erythema Not present Syphilus Strawberry
66
T or F | Strep pyogenes causes subacute endocarditis and TSS
False it's an acute endocarditis and TSS (like in staph)
67
T or F | TSS is mostly caused by strep pyogenes
False by staph aureus
68
Strep pyogenes causes .... fever (....sepsis)
Childbed | Puerperal
69
Regarding post-streptococcal diseases the most important are :
Rheumatic fever | Acute glomerulonephritis
70
Suppurative means...
Pyogenic
71
After recovery from ritter's disease the patient have ------- immunity against the ------ toxin unlike ------ that can happen more than once
Permanent Exfoliative toxin Folliculitis and impetigo
72
Most important symptoms of TSS are:
``` Low Bp Fever Rash on feet Headache Red eyes ```
73
Presence of ------- can help detect if it's staph aureus or not
Abscesses
74
Acute glomerulonephritis is a -------- infection of -------&-------
Post streptococcal infection | Skin and URT
75
T or F | Glomerulonephritis is not immunopathological
False it's | It's not about cross reactivitiy
76
Symptoms of glomerulonephritis
Hematuria | Proteinuria
77
Streptolysin O is a -------
Toxin destroys RBC and WBC
78
Ludwig aschoff are nodules present on --------
heart
79
T or F | Non-suppurative migratory polyarthritis are nodule present only on skin
False | Skin and joints (polyarthritis)

Bacteriology (10 decks)

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