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Bio Ch 7 Flashcards

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1
Q

Which of the following would NOT be a photosynthetic autotroph? Pine Tree, Kelp (seaweed), algae, or amoeba?,

A

Amoeba

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2
Q

The task is to match the lettered items with the correct numbered items.
A. Thylakoids
B. Stroma
C. Mesophyll
D. Stomata
E. Grana
F. Chlorophyll

1) Photosynthetic pigment responsible for the light reactions
2) Membranous stacks
3) Fluid where the Calvin cycle occurs
4) Membranes which contain chlorophyll
5) Contains many chloroplasts
6) Allows the plant to bring in CO2 and release O2

A

1 - F
2 - E
3 - B
4 - A
5 - C
6 - D

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3
Q

To which level of organization do leaves belong?

A

Organ

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4
Q

To which level of organization does mesophyll belong?

A

Tissue

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5
Q

To which level of organization does the chloroplast belong?

A

Organelle

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6
Q

Where are the components of the light reaction found? (Where do the light reactions take place?)

A

In the Thylakoids

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7
Q

Which of the following is a product of carbon fixation? Water, Carbon Dioxide, Oxygen, Glucose.

A

Glucose

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8
Q

Which of the following is a reactant used during carbon fixation? Water, Light, Carbon Dioxide, Oxygen.

A

Carbon Dioxide

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9
Q

Why are Plants green

A

because they reflect green wavelengths of light.

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10
Q

During photosynthesis, ______ is used by a plant to breakdown a carbohydrate and release O2

A

Water

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11
Q

During photosynthesis, water is used by a plant to breakdown a ________ and release ________

A

carbohydrate , O2

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12
Q

Is Carbon dioxide is used in the synthesis of glucose.

A

yes

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13
Q

The light independent reactions of the Calvin cycle occur in the _________

A

Chloroplast

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14
Q

What is the ultimate source of energy for most organisms

A

the sun

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15
Q

The ____________ is associated with the process of electron transport

A

thylakoid membranes

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16
Q

To make one glucose molecule, the Calvin Cycle uses a total of _____ CO2

A

6

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17
Q

Do Plant cells have both chloroplasts and mitochondria.

A

TRUE

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18
Q

T/F? Only plants are capable of photosynthesis.

A

FALSE: Algae and bacteria are also capable

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19
Q

in the calvin cycle, energy from _______ & ________ is captured and used to make ________

A

photosynthesis

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20
Q

Does the calvin cycle require light

A

no, just resources that need light

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21
Q

What is the end product of the Calvin cycle

A

glucose, ATP, and ADP

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22
Q

Protons (H+) accumulate in the thylakoid space during electron transport between __________

A

photosystem I and II.

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23
Q

The products of photosynthesis are ________ & ________

A

oxygen and glucose.

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24
Q

T/F Oxygen production in photosynthesis involves in _________

A

Photosystem II

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25
which happens first in photosynthesis: Light dependent reactions or light independent
dependent
26
________ is the pigment most involved in the reaction centers of photosystems.
Chlorophyll a
27
______ _______ are full of energy stored from photosynthesis millions of years ago.
Fossil fuels
28
T/F? Chlorophyll c is a major photosynthetic pigment in plants.
FALSE
29
Where do the protons that accumulate in the thylakoid space during electron transport between photosystem I and II go?
They diffuse out and eventually leave the plant
30
Where does chemiosmotic ATP synthesis occur
Inner mitochondrial membrane
31
Plants are _________ Autotrophs
Photosynthetic
32
What is a photosynthetic autotroph
It makes its own energy via sunlight
33
Photosynthesis converts_______ energy from _____ into _______ energy stored in ______
light (kinetic) from the sun Chemical from glucose
34
Photosynthesis equation
6CO2 + 6H2O + Light = C6H12O6 +6O2 + ATP
35
Aquatic plants often have bubbles on their leaves. How are these bubbles formed
from the release of O2 from their stomata produced via photosynthesis
36
Which organelle does photosynthesis occur
cholorplast
37
Define Chlorophyll
Photosynthetic pigment responsible for the light reactions
38
Define Mesophyll
An tissue that contains alot of chloroplast
39
Define Stomata
Pores that allow gas exchange
40
Define Stroma
Fluid surrounding grana where the Calvin cycle occurs (makes sugar)
41
Define Thylakiods
Pigment that absorbs light (Contains chlorophyll and preforms photosynthesis)
42
Define Grana
Membranous stacks of thylakiods
43
Why do leaves need stomata
to allow intake of CO2 and release O2
44
Light from the sun consists of ______________ energy which travels in _____
electromagnetic energy, waves
45
_______ are discrete packages of energy that travel in waves
Photons
46
_________ is the distance between the crest of 2 adjacent waves
Wavelength
47
The _____ the wavelenght, the higher the energy
shorter
48
Transmitted light
Light goes straight through (transparent objects)
49
Absorbed light
Frequency is the same as the molecule it is hitting
50
Reflected light
Frequency is different and bounces off (opque)
51
What method of light reation is best for capturing energy of light (Transmission, absoption, or reflection)
absorption
52
Why do most leaves appear green?
They absorb blue-violent and orange-red, reflecting green
53
What color(s) does Chlorophyll a absorb?
Blue-Violent Red
54
What color(s) does Chlorophyll a reflect?
Green
55
Does Chloropyll a directly participate in photosynthesis (y/n)
Yes (it is the primary pigment)
56
What color(s) does Chlorophyll a absorb? Reflect? Does Chloropyll a directly participate in photosynthesis (y/n)
A: Blue-Violent & Red R: Green Yes (it is the primary pigment)
57
What color(s) does Chlorophyll b absorb?
Blue and orange
58
What color(s) does Chlorophyll b reflect?
Yellow and green
59
Does Chloropyll b directly participate in photosynthesis (y/n)
No (it is an accessory pigment)
60
What color(s) does Chlorophyll b absorb? Reflect? Does Chloropyll b directly participate in photosynthesis (y/n)
A: Blue and orange R: Yellow and green No (it is an accessory pigment)
61
What color(s) do Carotenoids absorb?
Blue-green Violet
62
What color(s) do Carotenoids reflect?
Yellow and orange
63
Do Carotenoids directly participate in photosynthesis (y/n)
No (it is an accessory pigment)
64
What color(s) do Carotenoids absorb? Reflect? Do Carotenoids a directly participate in photosynthesis (y/n)
A: Blue-green and Violet R: Yellow and orange No (it is an accessory pigment)
65
What is Photoprotection?
In Carotenoids: protects from excess energy. Absorbs and disipates is to it doesnt react with any O2 a & doesnt interact it tissue and destroy it. Happens when too much light is present
66
in light reactions, energy from _______ is captured and used to make ______ & _______
energy from sunlight makes ATP & NADH
67
in the calvin cycle, energy from _______ & ________ is captured and used to make ______
Energy in ATP and NADH Makes glucose
68
Where do light reations take place?
thylakoids
69
Where does the calvin cycle take place
stroma
70
Light excites molecules which passes energy to chlorophyll __ which donates the ______ to a primary exceptor
chlorophyll a, electrons
71
What is produced in the light reactions? reactants?
Reactants: Light energy and H2O Products: O2, NADPH, ATP
72
Which of the products from light reactions go into the calvin cycle
NADPH
73
What products of light reactions is released as waste
O2
74
What molecule captures the energy for light reactions? where is it?
Pigment molecules, thylakoid membrane
75
What is the products of the calvin cycle
Glucose, NADP+, and ADP +P
76
Which of the products from the calvin cycle is recycled back into the light reactoins
NADP+ and ADP+P
77
Which product of the calvin cycle is a form of chemical energy for the plant cell
glucose
78
Where does the energy supply for the calvin cycle originate? what is it?
from light reactions, NADPH
79
What is carbon fixation? what is the molecule being fixed and what is made
RuBP binds with CO2, fixing it to become another intermediate bound via rubisco enzyme
80
Why do most plants appear green
chlorophyll
81
Why is it beneficial for plants to have mroe thn one type of pigment
Mulitple pigments help the plant absorb as much light as possibel
82
Do plant cells have mitochondria? why or why not?
Yes, they use the glucose from photosyntesis to complete cellular respiration
83
Describe the events of the calvin cycle
Carbon fixation: Rubisco enzyme adds CO2 to RuBP to make 3-PGA Reduction reactions: 3-PGA (from carbon fixation) is reduced to G3P, NADPH is oxidized, 6 ATP used Release of 1 G3P: Makes glucose, starch, cellulose, etc Regeneration of RuBP: 3 ATP used to reagrrange G3P to RuBP so the cycle can continue
84
Which step of the Calvin cycle requires no extra energy?
Carbon Fixation
85
The calvin cycle makes ______ from _____, _______, _________
makes G3P (glucose) from ATP, NADPH, and CO2
86
what is Carbon fixation How many ATP are used
Rubisco enzyme adds CO2 to RuBP to make 3-PGA 0 ATP
87
What is Reduction reaction in the calvin Cycle? how many ATP are used?
3-PGA (from carbon fixation) is reduced to G3P, NADPH is oxidized 6 ATP used
88
What is Regeneration of RuBP in the calvin Cycle? how many ATP are used?
reagrrangment of G3P to RuBP so the cycle can continue 3 ATP
89
How much ATP is used in the calvin cycle
9
90
How many glucose molecules are made from G3P
1/2
91
RuBP is used for_________
carbon fixation
92
What (in the basic sense) does carbon fixation do?
Converts CO2 into organic compounds
93
What is the relationship between light reactions and the calvin cycle
Light reactions provide NADPH for the calvin cycle which uses it to make glucose for cellular respiration and NADP and ADP+P for light reations to continue
94
What do plants do with sugars made by photosynthesis for
cellular respiration
95
How are photosynthesis and cellular respiration similar
Both create energy for the cell and use gasses to do so
96
Light reaction: Location, reactants, products, overall function
Location: Tylakoids Reactants: Light Energy + H2O Products: O2, NADPH + ATP Overall function: Convert light energy into chemical energy to power the calvin cycle and the plant
97
Calvin Cycle: Location, reactants, products, overall function
Location: Stroma Reactants: ATP + NADPH Products: Glucose + NADP+ + ADP+P Overall function: Make glucose for the plant

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