biochem Module 5 Flashcards by eunice lagto

The increase in blood glucose after a test dose of a carbohydrate compared with that after an equivalent amount of glucose is known as

Glycemic index

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The main site of absorption occurs in the 
A. Stomach 
B. Duodenum 
C. Jejunum
D. Ileum

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major end-products of luminal triacylglycerol digestion

2-monoacylglycerol and fatty acid

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Water soluble nutrients are transported via the 
A. Lymphatic system 
B. Portal system 
C. Bile 
D. Muscles

Lymphatic for the fats

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The ff are transported via the portal circulation except
A. Fatty acids consisting of more than 10 carbons
B. Water soluble particles
C. Amino acids and peptides
D. Fatty acids consisting of less than 10 carbons

A. Non water soluble

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When people grow older, they tend to lose lactases. This is called the 
A. Inherited lactase deficiency 
B. Primary lactase deficiency 
C. Secondary lactase deficiency 
D. Tertiary lactase deficiency

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Orlistat exhibits its action by 
A. Inhibiting pancreatic lipase 
B. Inhibiting trypsin activity 
C. Stimulating pancreatic lipase 
D. Stimulating trypsin activity

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True or false. Orlistat acts by inhibiting pancreatic lipase. This completely halts fat digestion

False. 30% LNG

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The following describes HCl except
A. Provides an environment suitable for pepsin activity
B. Digests proteins
C. Denatures proteins
D. Responsible for the acidic environment of the stomach

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Major product of fat hydrolysis 
A. 2 monoacylglycerol 
B. Glycerol 
C. FA 
D. Glucose

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Antidote for warfarin toxicity

FFp and Coumadin

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Transported protein used by fructose to go inside the lumen

GLUT 5

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Pentoses are transported in the lumen via the 
A. Simple diffusion 
B. Facilitated diffusion 
C. Osmosis
D. Active transport

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This sugar is transported the same as glucose 
A. Lactose
B. Galactose 
C. Fructose 
D. Sucrose

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Initially developed for computation of DIABETIC diets but is now used for planning normal diets 
A. Food guides 
B. RENI
C. Exchange list food guide 
D. Dietary guideline

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Active form of vitamin d

Calcitriol

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Chylomicrons transport \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ into the systemic circulation 
A  MAG 
B. DAG 
C. TAG 
D, fatty acid

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enzymes that act by liberating the amino acids from the peptide bond
A. Trypsin 
B. Chymotrypsin 
C. Carboxypeptidase 
D. Pepsin

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Which of the ff vitamins is not paired with their corresponding deficiency 
A, vit a- night blindness 
B. Vit d- rickets 
C. Vit e- anemia of the new born 
D. Vit k- hemastasis problem 
E. Nota

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energy expenditure by the body when at rest

Basal metabolic rate

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Second leading cause of lung cancer

Radon toxicity

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What vitamin acts as carrier of 1 carbon units 
A. Niacin 
B. Thiamine 
C. Pyridoxine 
D. Foliate

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Most toxic vitamin when in excess

Vitamin D

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Vitamin A is transported in the bloodstream with 
A. Chylomicron 
B. LDL 
C. HDL
D. VLDL

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``` Secondary source of energy A. Carbohydrates B. Fats C. Proteins D. Nucleic acid ```

``` Type of beriberi characterized by edema A. Dry B. Wet C. Summer D. Winter ```

This type of vitamin A is used for the treatment of psoriasis

All trans retinoic acid

``` Exchange list food guideline divides commonly used foods in _____ groups A. 5 B.6 C.7 D. 8 ```

C. Vegetables, fruits, milk, rice, meat and fish, fat, sugar

First color to loss sensitivity in vitamin A deficiency

Green

Antidote for heparin toxicity

Protamine sulfate

``` To synthesize niacin, what vitamin is needed A. B1 B. B2 C. B5 D. B6 ```

``` Previously called RDA A. Food guides B. RENI C. Exchange list food guide D. Dietary guideline ```

Storage form of vitamin D

25-(OH) vitamin D3

This vitamin protects the membrane lipids from peroxidation

Vitamin E

Diagnostic test for cobalamin

Schilling test

``` What ion is required for the transport of dipeptides and tripeptides A. Sodium B. Potassium C. Hydrogen D. Chloride ```

``` Vitamin A is transported in the bloodstream with A. Chylomicron B. LDL C. HDL D. VLDL ```

Biotin deficiency is induced by

Avidin

``` Sugar substitute manufactured by selective chlorination of sucrose A. Saccharin B. Aspartame C. Acesulfame D. Sucralose E. Stevia ```

This type of vitamin A is used for the treatment of psoriasis

All trans retinoic acid

``` Deficiency of protein and energy A. Marasmus B. Kwashiorkor C. Obese D. Anemic ```

``` Which sugar substitute is Excreted in the urine unchanged A. Saccharin B. Aspartame C. Acesulfame D. Sucralose E. Stevia ```

``` The ff are examples of endopeptidases except A. Trypsin B. Pepsin C. Carboxypeptidase D. Elastase ```

``` In measuring the protein quality, chemical score uses what food as the standard A. Egg B. Corn C. Wheat D. Beans ```

``` Monosaccharides are transported to the systemic circulation via the A. SGLT B. GLUT 2 C. GLUT 4 D. GLUT 5 ```

This vitamin protects the membrane lipids from peroxidation

Vitamin E

``` Sugar substitutes are used as comes because micro flora does not convert them to ____, which causes dental caries A. Lactic acid B. Propionic acid C. Lauric acid D. Hydrochloric acid ```

``` This substance is deficient in Lys A. Egg B. Corn C. Wheat D. Beans ```

What vitamin is needed for enhancement of iron absorption

Ascorbic acid

Antidote for heparin toxicity

Protamine sulfate

``` To synthesize niacin, what vitamin is needed A. B1 B. B2 C. B5 D. B6 ```

Give the DBW of a 65 inch tall Filipino using NDAP

132lbs

``` This substance is deficient in Trp and lys A. Egg B. Corn C. Wheat D. Beans ```

``` Multiple endocrine neoplasia affects the ff except A. Parathyroid B. Pancreas C. Pituitary D. Papilla ```

``` Primary essential fatty acid A. Omega 3 B. Omega 6 C. Arachidonic acid D. Phospholipid ```

B. Linoleic acid

``` Beta carotene is cleaved to become _______ by the enzyme carotene dioxygenase A. Retinal B. Retinoic acid C. Retinol D. Isotretinoin ```

``` Vitamin A is transported in the bloodstream with A. Chylomicron B. LDL C. HDL D. VLDL ```

This type of vitamin A is used for the treatment of psoriasis

All trans retinoic acid

``` What process can convert a cis unsaturated fatty acid to trans A. Methylation B. Carboxylation C. Phosphorylation D. Hydrogenation ```

Amino acid precursor of histamine

Glutamic acid (glu , E)

True or false. Ghrelin levels in the plasma of obese individuals are lower than those in leaner individuals

True

``` Minamata disease is the characterized by A. Organic mercury poisoning B. Inorganic mercury poisoning C. Radon toxicity D. retinal toxicity ```

This vitamin protects the membrane lipids from peroxidation

Vitamin E

Antidote for heparin toxicity

Protamine sulfate

``` To synthesize niacin, what vitamin is needed A. B1 B. B2 C. B5 D. B6 ```

``` Gastrin gene is located in A. Chromosome 7 B. Chromosome 8 C. Chromosome 9 D. Chromosome 10 ```

A. Letter g.. 7th alphabet

Using the NDAP formula , compute for the DBW of a 65inch Filipina

126lbs

Which of the ff DOES NOT refer to nutritional guidelines A. Simple state tents that give advice on consumption of food and its component for which there are public concerns B. Call attention to proposed food habit changes to ensure health and reduce acute risk C. National guidelines for Filipinos, dietary guidelines for heart disease prevention are examples of it D. Primary recommendation to promote good health thru proper nutrition

B. Dapat chronic risk

``` Satiety center is located in the A. Medulla B. Hypothalamus C. Amygdala D. Basal ganglia ```

``` Levels of intakes of energy and nutrients are based on HEALTHY individual A. Food guides B. RENI C. Exchange list food guide D. Dietary guideline ```

``` Study of qualitative and quantitative requirement of diet necessary to maintain good health A. Digestion B. Absorption C. Nutrition D. Secretion ```

``` Alpha chain of insulin is linked to the beta chain of insulin by A. Glycosidic bond B. Ester bond C. Sulfide bridge D. Peptide bond ```

``` Simple carbohydrates are digested easily into ____ while complex carbohydrates are digested into ____ A. Sugar, sugar B. Sugar, fats C. Sugar, starch D. Sugar, protein ```

``` Carboxylases need what co factor A. Thiamine B. Biotin C. Panthothenic acid D. Pyridoxine ```

``` 1 kcal is _____ KJ A. 1 B. 4.184 C. 239 D. 100 ```

Which of the ff DOES NOT refer to a high glycemic index A. Carbohydrates that breakdown quickly B. Has a value of more than 70 C. Must be taken to replenish energy quickly D. Makes you feel fuller longer

``` Non digestible carbohydrate for which hydrolytic substances are lacking in the human digestive system A. Carbohydrates B. Fats C. Fibers D. Proteins E. Vitamins ```

``` Minimum intake of carbohydrate to prevent ketosis and loss of muscle protein A. 0-50g B. 50-100g C. 100-150g D.150-200g ```

Which of the refers to a positive nitrogen balance A. Nitrogen output is greater than input B. Occurs during pregnancy C. Occurs during advance cancer D. From the catabolism of muscle protein

``` Dipeptide made up of phenylalAnine and aspartic acid A. Saccharin B. Aspartame C. Acesulfame D. Sucralose E. Stevia ```

``` A food in any group may be substituted with another food in the same list A. Food guides B. RENI C. Exchange list food guide D. Dietary guideline ```

Amino acid component of CCK necessary to its activity

Tyrosine

Which of the ff refers to soluble fibers A. Hastens passage of food through the stomach B. Adds bulk to the stool C. Turns to gel during digestion D. Example is corn

``` Together with cholecystokinin it is the second major source of negative feedback signals that stop the eating behaviour A. Gastrin B. Bombesin C. VIP D. GIP ```

``` Are primary recommendations to promote good health thru proper nutrition A. Food guides B. RENI C. Exchange list food guide D. Dietary guideline ```

Agency that determines the RENI

FNRI. Food and nutrition research institute

Co enzyme A is form what vitamin

Pantothenic acid

If conditions for BMR are not met, it is called

Resting metabolic rate

``` The ff lowers blood cholesterol except A. PUFA B. High P:S ratio C. Trans MUFA D. NOTA ```

C. Increase

``` This substance is deficient in Met A. Egg B. Corn C. Wheat D. Beans ```

``` Equivalent calories of 1 g A. Carbohydrate B. Fats C. Protein D, alcohol ```

A.4 B.9 C. 4 D. 7

Using tanhauser's method. Compute for the desirable body weight of a 65 inch Filipina

58.59

``` Largest variable affecting energy expenditure A. BMR B. Physical activity C. Thermogenic effect of food D. Adaptive thermogenesis ```

``` Which of the ff is not an action of insulin A. Stimulates appetite B. Stimulates glycogenesis C. Stimulates gluconeogenesis D. Stimulates lipogenesis ```

Compute for the BMI for a 65 inch man who weighs 124lbs

20.68

``` The ff can increase glucagon secretion except A. Inc norepinephrine B. Inc Ach C. Inc amino acid D. Inc somatostatin ```

Which of the ff statements is false A. Endocrine system acts thru the release hormones to target organs B. Intracellular receptors need secondary messengers for them to elicit their actions C. Examples of intracellular receptors are steroids and thyroid hormones D. Cell surface receptors are located at the plasma membrane

Which of the ff can decrease glucagon secretion except A. Inhibition of sympathetic nervous system B. Inc CCK C. Dec glucose D. Inc somatostatin

``` The ff are actions of glucagon except A. Inc ketogenesis B. Inc urea production C. Inc glycolysis D. Inc gluconeogenesis ```

``` The ff refers to gastrin except A. Increase blood flow B. Induce pancreatic acinar to produce enzyme C. Stimulates pepsinogen production D, hypocalcemia stimulates its release ```

D. Hypercalcemia

``` The ff decreases pancreatic polypeptide except A. Inc somatostatin B. Protein meal C. Hyperglycemia D. NOTA ```

Amino acid deficient in necrolytic migratory erythema

Tryptophan

``` Its function is to inhibit endocrine pArt of the pancreas A. Glucagon B. Insulin C. Somatostatin D. Peptide yy ```

``` Hormone made up of ____ have the shortest half life A. Amino acid B. Peptide and proteins C. Fatty acid D. Steroid ```

The ff refers to c peptide levels except A. Useful for type II DM because it determines if insulin therapy is warranted B. Useful for type II DM in monitoring part of an evaluation of the person's residual beta cell function C. Proteolysis of the C peptide occurs in the Golgi Apparatus and secretory granules D. Low levels of C-peptide are associated with dec levels of insulin production E. High levels of c peptide indicates insulin resistance

``` Rate-limiting step in steroid synthesis is conversion of cholesterol to _______ A. Prehormone B. Pro hormone C. Pregnenolone D. Prognenolone ```

``` Deficiency of protein A. Marasmus B. Kwashiorkor C. Obese D. Anemic ```

Protein of animal origin that does not contain all the essential amino acids

Gelatin

``` Which of the ff have increase BMR A. Old person B. Girl C. Febrile person D. Hypothyroid patient ```

``` Excess in Water soluble vitamins are usually non toxic except A. Riboflavin B. Pantothenic acid C. Niacin D. Ascorbic acid ```

C. Toxic B3-6-12

``` Sucrase deficiency will also present with A lactase deficiency B. Maltase deficiency C. Isomaltase deficiency D. Glucokinase deficiency ```

``` What aa is responsible for the odor of the feces A. Lysine b. Tyrosine C. Tryptophan D. Threonine ```

``` Source of hydrogen ion in HCl production A. Water B. Carbonic anhydrase C. Food D. Oxygen ```

``` Pepsin acts on this amino acid except A. Tyrosine B. Tryptophan C. Histidine D. Aspartic acid ```

biochem Module 5 Flashcards

(114 cards)