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Hema 2 > Bone Marrow > Flashcards

Bone Marrow Flashcards

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1
Q

Toon need in bm aspiration

A

Jemshidi trephine and salah aspuration needle

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2
Q

Bone marrow in acute keukemia

A

Necessary for diagnosis
Usefuk for determining type
Useful for prognosis

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3
Q

Acute leukemia are defined by the presence of

A

Dec 20% blast in BM % of nucleated cells

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4
Q

Bm aspirate and trephine

A

Hypercellular
Blast dec 20%
Presemce of auer rods which AML type

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5
Q

Stains are to differentiate

A

AML And ALL

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6
Q

What stains posituve in AML

A

Sudan black and myeloperoxidase

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7
Q

Wbc cyt in aml can be

A

High, normal or low

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8
Q

Median wbc count in amo

A

15,000 ul

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9
Q

20000 of patients have

A

More than100,000ul

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10
Q

25-40% of pts in aml have

A

Less than 5000 ul

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11
Q

95% patients in aml have

A

Blast cells in blood smear

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12
Q

Distinguishing aml from allf

A

Light microscopy
Flow cytometry
Special stains

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13
Q

In light microscopy AML has

A

Auer rods, cytoplasmic granules

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14
Q

In light microscopy ALL has

A

No auer rods and granules

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15
Q

This has been useful tool in differentiating hematopoietic dse

A

Cytochemical staining of cells

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16
Q

Smears and imprints made from wht preferred

A

Bm, lymph node, spleen, peripheral blood

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17
Q

In enzaymatic technique this is used for ensure optimal enzyme activity

A

Fresh smear

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18
Q

Reacts with peroxide and release oxygen which oxidizes tte indicator dye and produce what color of granules

A

Speroxidase enzyme orange brown

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19
Q

Indicator dye of mpo

A

3 amino 9 erythrocarbazol

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20
Q

Enzyme mpx is found in the 1st granules of

A

Granulocyte, neutro, promyelocyte and eosino

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21
Q

In mox this may be weakly pos

A

Monocyte

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22
Q

Usualky positive and auer rods stain very strong

A

Leukemic myeloblast

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23
Q

Used to diff aml + and all -

A

Myeloperoxidase

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24
Q

Used for control slides promyelocyte-neutro

A

Normal bm smear less than 5yo

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25
Color of myeloperoxidase
Brown black deposits
26
Formula of mpo
P-phenylene diamine + catecol+ h202
27
Color of chloroacetate esterase
Red deposit
28
Naphtol asd chloroacetate stable in
Diazonium salt fast corinth
29
Liberates alpha naphthyl from substrate alpha napthyl acetate
Non specific esterase
30
Couple dye molecule to form what color
Alpha naphthyl reddish brown
31
Nse pos in
Monicyte, monoblast, macrophages, histiocytes,nmegakaryocytes
32
Strongly pos in nse
Abnormal erythroblast
33
Neg or may show dot positive in nse
Lymphocytes
34
Chloroacetate specific esterase
Myeloid cell line
35
Non specific esterase is
Monocyte line
36
Alpha naphthyl acetate stable in
Diazonium salt fast blue
37
Alpha naphthyl acetate colo
Brown
38
Ysed to diff myelomonocytic and monocytic leukemia + from granulocytic leukemia -
Nse
39
Monocyte nse are
Flouride sensitive
40
Used for control slides of nse
Appreciable number of monocytes or a normal bm smear
41
OxidiEs glycogen, moo, and other molecular wt carbo to aldehydes
PAS
42
This reacts with colorless schiff rgt staining them with what color
Aldehyde bright red pink
43
Strongly pos in pas
Megakaryoblast and plts
44
Pas will stain pos
Normoblast
45
In all show coarse and granular block positivity in pas
Lymphoblast
46
Neg in pas
Myeloblast
47
Aids in diagnosis of ALL, erythroleukemia, and megakaryoblastic leukemia
Pas
48
Pas control slides
Normal bm smear
49
Pas is composed of
Pas + glycogen
50
Pas oxidized
Aldehyde + schiff rgt
51
Schiff rgt is composed of
Para rosalind,na metabisulfite
52
To indicate a condition that resembles leukekia
Leukemoid leukemia
53
Leukemoid leukemia increase in
Wbc, hct, shift to the left,n
54
Leukemoid reaction inc due to
Inflammation Infection Intoxication Some tumor
55
A leukemoid reaction describe a high
Wbc ct with neutrophilia as infection
56
Wbc count of leukemoid as high as
50,000 microl mimic cml or aml
57
This is normal or elevated in leukemoid reaction but is depressed in what dse
Alkaline ohosphatase | CML dse
58
The blank in leukemoid leukemia of examined may be hypercellular but othewise typucally unremarkable
Bone marrow
59
Features suggesting leumemoid reaction
Toxic granulation High LAP score Presence of an obvious cause for tye neutrophilia
60
Common dse ass with leukemoid reaction
Whooping cough Chicken poc Tb Pneumonia
61
Causes of leukemoid reaction
``` Hemorrhage Drugs Infection Asplenia Diabetic leukoacidosis Organ necrosis ```
62
Drugs in leukemoid
Used of dapsonem glucocorticoids, g-csf and all trans retinoic acid
63
Infection in leukemoid
``` Clostridium difficile Tb Pertusis Im Vlm ```
64
Organ necrosis
Inschemic colitis | Hepatic necrosis
65
Diff pf leukemoid reaction to leukemia
By leukemoid alkaline phosphatase
66
The cell that demonstrate a normal griwth will show a high alkaline phosphatase activity
Leukemoid alkaline phosphatase
67
Color of kaplows found in what
Red brown black precipitates neutro and cytoplasm
68
Normal cell of kaplows pos precipitate
15-100
69
Abnormal for leukemia in kaplow
Less than 15
70
Bone marrow examination
Bm aspirate and trepine biopsy

Hema 2 (10 decks)

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