Leukemia Flashcards by april villarias

Causes of leukemia

Epidemiology
Viruses
Genetics
Radiation

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Classification of leukemia

Accdg to duration of dse
Accdg to no of wbc
Accdg to wbc specific type
Accdg to age
Fab classification

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Survival rate of the patient

Accdg to duration of dse

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High percentage of young forms or blast cells

Acute leukemia

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Survival rate of acyte leukemia

Days to 6 months

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Acute leukemia is characterized by the ff

Sudden onset of dse
Rapidly developing anemia
High fever
Thrombocytopenia
Hemorrhages

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Characterized by the presence of slightly differentiated cells

Subacute leukemia

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Survival rate of subacute leukemia

6-1yr

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Characterized bu predominance of old forms

Chronic leukemia

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Fatal systemic dse characterized by an excessive proloferation of wbc producing cells such that cell show a different degree of immaturity so therefore this is considered malignant growth of cells

Leukemia

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Survival rate of chronic leukemia

1yr to several years

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Chronic leukemia is characterized by what

Gradual onset
General body weakness
East fatigability
Bones that is tender to pressure due to leukemic reaction

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What are accdg to wbc specific type

Acute monocyticleukemia and chronic monocyticleukemia

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Predominance of monocytic myeloblast

Acute monocyticleukemia

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Predominance of pld and mature monocyte

Chronic monocytic leukemia

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Chronic monocytic leukemia categorized as

Nageli and schillings

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Resembles granulocytic leukemia due to the presence of myeloid cells

Naegli type monocytic leukemia or M4

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True monocyticleukemia

Schillings type

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Accdg to number of wbc

Leukemic leukemia
Subleukemic leukemia
Aleukemic leukemia

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Predominance of blast cells wbc ct of more than 15,000mm3

Leukemic leukemia

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Predominance of the old form dec 15,000mm3

Aleukemic leukemia

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Slightly differentiated cells dec wbc ct 15,000mm3

Subleukemic leukemia

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Predominance of eos, baso, and neutrophil. Characterized by presence of philadelphia chromosome 22

Chronic myelocytic leukemia

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Predominance of young forms rbc

Erythremicmyelosis di gugliemos disease

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Combination of blast cell of the rbc and the wbc

Erythroleukemia di guglielmo's syndrome

Predominace of blast cells

Blast cell leukemia or stem cell leukemia

Predominance of young lymphocytes

Acute lymphocytic leukemia

Predominance of old and mature lymphocyte

Chronic lymphocytic leukemia

Predominated pf progranulocyte

Pro granulocytic leukemia

Predominance of neutrophilic myelocyte

Neutrophilic leukemia

Predominance od eosinophilic myelocyte

Eosinophilic leukemia

Predominance of basophilic myelocyte

Basophilic leukemia

Predominance in a dse called myeloma,ntumor involving bone marrow and other organ

Plasmacytic leukemia

Predominance of plasma cell but this leukemia found in the terminal stage of muktiple myeloma

Plasma cell leukemia

Rarest form of leukemia, said to be tissue basophil

Mast cell leukemia

What are accdg to age

Acute leukemia Chronic lymphocytic leukemia Chronic granulocytic

20-50yp

Chronic granulocytic

Less than 20 yo

Acute leukemia

More than 50 yo

Chronic lymphocytic leukemia

It divudes acute leukemias into lymphoblastic and monoblastic

fab classification

Two main groups are subdivided accd to cellular morphology, cytochemical staining results, cytogenetic studies T and B lymohocye marker result

Fab classificiation

Childhoold ALL. Lymphoblast are small and homogenous with a very high nucleus and cytoplasm ratio

L1 classification

Adult ALL lymphoblast are larger and has a variable size nucleus is clefted and will observed with presence of nucleoli

L2 classification

Least case among three ALL, Accounts 2% in all cases

Acute myeloblastic leukemia

M1,M2

Acute megakryocytic leukemia

Acute myelomonocyctic leukemia

Acute monocytic leukemia

Acute promyelocytic leukemia

Acute myeloblastic leukemia without maturation

Acute promyelocyticleukemia

Acute myeloblastic leukemia with maturation

Acute monoblastic leukemia without maturation

M5a

Acute myelomonocytic leukemia

Di guglielmos syndrome erythroleukemia, erythremicmyelosis

Acute monoblastic leukemia with maturation

M5b

Acute megakaryocytic leukemia

Undifferentiated blast no maturation

Mo minimally differentiated

Scanty cytoplasm

M1 aml without maturation

Myeloid phenotype of m1

Cd13,33,117

Myeloid phenotype of m2

Cd13,33

Kidney shape nucleus

M2 aml with maturation

Promyelocyte predominant

M3 hypergranular promyelocyte

Negative auer rods and esterase

Mo minimally differentiated

Myeloid ohenotype of mo

Cd13,33,34

Arge cell round nucleus

M1 aml without maturation

Common type

M2 aml woth maturation

High serum lysozyme level

M4 acute myelomonocytic

High incidence of DIC

M3 hypergranular promyelocyte

Acute myeloid leukemia with very abnormal cell

M3 hypergranular promyelocyte

Myeloid phenotype of m3

Cd13,33

Eosinophilic granules

M2 aml with maturation

>3% pos mpo and sbb

M1 aml wo maturation

Positive for auer rods

M2 aml with maturation

More than 50% pos mpo and sbb

M2 aml with maturation

Basophilic bilobed nuclei

M3 hypergranular promyelocyte

Pos for auer rods or faggot cells

M3 hypergranular promyelocyte

Large kidney shape

M3 hypergranular promyelocyte

Monoblast few promonocyte

M5a without maturation

Myeloid ohenotype of m4

Cd 11,13,14,33

Positive in common auer rods

M4 acute myelomonocytic

Blast, promonocyte bone marrow and monocyte in blood

M5b with maturation

Monocyte ameloid with round to oval nuclei

M5a

Prominent nuclei

M5a

Large bizarre round to oval cells

M6 erythroleukemia

Dec in 20% promonocyte and monocyte

M5a

Promonocyte, foldedm convoluted nucleus

M5b

Inc in 20% monocyte

M5b

Pos in PAS

M6 erythroleukemia

Posituve in nucleoli

M6 erythroleukemia

Myeloid phenotype of glycophorin A in m6

Cd45,71

Myeloid phenotype myeloblast in m6

Cd 13,15,33

More than 50% erythroblast

More than 30% myeloblast

More than 30% megakaryoblast

M7 acute megakaryoblastic

Platelet like granules in Pas stain

M7 acute megakaryoblastic

Myeloid blast may show sbb or mpo pos

M7 acute megakartyoblastic

Myeloid phenotype of m7

Cd41,42,61

More than 30% myeloblast

More than 30% of myeloblast 20% granulocyte ahd 20% promonocyte abd monocyte

More than 30% myeloblast 10% granulocyte

M2 aml with maturation

Leukemia Flashcards

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