Brain

Question 1

Pre-central gyrus

Answer 1

Primary MOTOR cortex (all motor impulses to skeletal muscles originate here)

Question 2

Post-central gyrus

Answer 2

Primary SOMATOSENSORY cortex (touch, pressure, temperature, proprioception- awareness of your body in space)

Question 3

Occipital lobe special sense

Answer 3

VISUAL association area

Question 4

Integrative functions of the cerebrum

Answer 4

Consciousness (reticular activating system); language; emotions (limbic system); memory (temporal, parietal & occipital lobes)

Question 5

Tract

Answer 5

bundles of myelinated axons (nerve fibers) in the CNS

Question 6

3 types of tracts in cerebral white matter

Answer 6

association fibers; commissural fibers; projection fibers

Question 7

Association fibers

Answer 7

connects regions of same hemisphere (right OR left)

Question 8

Commissural fibers

Answer 8

connects regions between hemisphres (right AND left- corpus callosum is largest example)

Question 9

Projection fibers

Answer 9

ascending or descending (up or down)

Question 10

Basal Nuclei

Answer 10

islands of gray matter deep within cerebrum

Question 11

Basal nuclei function

Answer 11

regulate voluntary motor movement (Parkinsons is caused by issues with basal nuclei)

Question 12

3 components of Diencephalon

Answer 12

Thalamus; Hypothalamus; Epithalamus

Question 13

Thalamus

Answer 13

Sensory relay center; all sensory info first goes through here

Question 14

Hypothalamus

Answer 14

autonomic relay center; endocrine function (pituitary gland)

Question 15

Epithalamus

Answer 15

houses pineal gland- produces melatonin (regulates sleep/wake cycle)

Question 16

Temporal lobe special sense

Answer 16

taste, hearing, smell

Question 17

3 components of brain stem

Answer 17

midbrain, pons, medulla oblongata

Question 18

Midbrain

Answer 18

Contains- corpora quadrigemina- processes visual and auditory reflexes; cranial nerve reflexes III- Occulomotor (extraocular movement) and IV- trochlear (extraocular movement)

Question 19

Pons

Answer 19

“bridge”- connects forebrain to hindbrain; cranial nerve reflexes V- trigemina (facial sensory, muscles of mastication, taste) and VIII- vestibulocochlear (equilibrium & hearing)

Question 20

Function of cerebellum

Answer 20

coordinates voluntary movement; does not initiate it

Question 20

Medulla Oblongata

Answer 20

cardiac and respiratory control centers; many cranial nerve nuclei

Question 21

Arbor vitae

Answer 21

white matter in cerebellum; responsible for coordination and balance

Question 22

Limbic system function

Answer 22

emotions and memory

Question 23

Reticular formation function

Answer 23

maintains alertness of cerebral cortex

Question 24

Temporal lobe association area

Answer 24

taste, hearing and smell