Ch. 15- Special Senses Flashcards
(17 cards)
What is gustation?
taste
How does gustation work?
Chemoreceptors bind to food chemicals dissolved in saliva
What is the name for taste buds?
Papillae; 2 main types- Fungiform papillae- anterior 2/3 of tongue, Folliate papillae- folds on back, sides of tongue
What are the 5 taste classes?
salty, sweet, bitter, sour, umami
Where is the primary gustatory cortex located?
temporal lobe
Cranial nerves associated with gustation
CN VII- Facial (facial motor, anterior 2/3 of tongue)
CN IX- glossopharyngeal (taste; swallowing [sensory])
CN X- Vagus (swallowing [motor])
What is olfaction?
Smell
How does olfaction work?
Chemoreceptors bind airborne chemicals reaching nasal cavity
Where is the primary olfactory cortex located?
Temporal lobe
Cranial nerve associated with olfaction
CN I - Olfactory = smell
What is the basic pathway of soundwaves from environment to the cochlea?
Sound waves enter external ear, reach tympanic membrane (ear drum) and vibrate. Frequencies are transmitted via auditory ossicles (malleus, incus, stapes) to cochlea
What is the name for the sensory receptor for hearing?
Hair cells; located in the cochlea
What is the name of the 3 curved structures, located in the inner ear, that aid in equilibrium?
Semicircular canals
What is the name for the sensory receptors for vision?
Photoreceptors- located in the retina. 2 types: Rods- dim light, black and white; Cones- bright light, color
What type of neurons are found in the visual pathway?
Bipolar neurons
What is the location of the primary visual cortex?
Occipital lobe
What is the visual pathway?
light enters eye through pupil
reaches photoreceptors in retina
CN II (optic nerve)
optic chiasm
optic tract
primary visual cortex in occipital lobe
