Brain Function Lecture 03 Flashcards Preview

Zach's Physiology Card > Brain Function Lecture 03 > Flashcards

Flashcards in Brain Function Lecture 03 Deck (26)
Loading flashcards...
1
Q

How do granular neurons look like and what do they secrete?

A
  1. short axons that act as interneurons

2. glutamate (excitatory) GABA (inhibitory)

2
Q

The first three layers of the cerebral cortex perform what tasks?

A
  1. perform intracortical associated functions
3
Q

What happens in the 4th layer of the cerebral cortex?

A
  1. specific sensory signals terminate
4
Q

What is the thalamocortical system?

A
  1. this system consists of ongoing neural signals between nuclei in the thalamus and neurons in all modular areas of the cortex.
5
Q

What is responsible for the direct connection with the cerebral cortex and specific muscles?

A

primary motor areas

6
Q

What areas is responsible for detecting specific sensations?

A

primary sensory areas

7
Q

What area of the brain provides patterns of motor activity?

A

secondary motor areas

8
Q

What areas analyze the meaning of specific sensory signals?

A

secondary sensory area

9
Q

The parieto-occipitotemporal association area is responsible for what?

A
  1. analyze spatial coordinates
  2. angular gyrus area
  3. area to name objects
10
Q

The prefrontal association area is responsible for what?

A
  1. receive preanalyzed sensory information that is necessary for planning effective movement.
  2. the thought processes are carried to basal ganglia through the caudate portion.
11
Q

What is Broca’s area responsible for?

A
  1. helps with word formation

2. works closely with wernicke’s area and mostly dominant on the Lt side of brain

12
Q

What is most associated with the Limbic area of the brain?

A
  1. behavior
  2. emotions
  3. motivation
13
Q

What is Wernicke’s area most well known for?

A
  1. language comprehension
14
Q

What components all come together at Wernicke’s area, in the posterior superior temporal lobe?

A
  1. somatic association area
  2. visual association area
  3. auditory association area.
15
Q

What are the different cortical neurons?

A
  1. granular (stellate) neurons
  2. Fusiform neurons
  3. Pyramidal neurons
16
Q

What is the major concern/function of Broca’s area?

A

word formation

17
Q

What portion of the brain plays the largest role in intelligence?

A

Wenicke’s are as activation of this area can describe memories from multiple sensory inputs

18
Q

What regions all collectively combine at Wernicke’s area?

A
  1. primary visual
  2. somatic interpretive areas
  3. auditory interpretive area
19
Q

What regions of the brain are in general NOT symmetric in terms of strength signal based on activation?

A
  1. 95% population dominant on left hemisphere Wernicke’s area
  2. Broca’s area dominant on left hemisphere
  3. 90% population dominant in left hemisphere for hand control
20
Q

What is prosopagnosia and what area is generally injured with this condition?

A
  1. inability to recognize faces

2. damage to the facial recognition area, which consists of input from occipital lobe and temporal lobe

21
Q

What are some of the functions/tasks that that prefrontal cortex allows us to perform?

A
  1. complex problem solving
  2. sequence of tasks, multitasking
  3. aggression level
  4. social etiquette
  5. maintainance of purpose

the development of this area can affect the level strength of these signals

22
Q

What is declarative memory?

A
  1. refers to memory of various details of integrated thought.
    - surroundings, time, causes, meanings, thought deductions
23
Q

What is reflexive memory?

A
  1. this memory is associated with motor activities.

2. riding a bike, shooting a gun, starting an IV

24
Q

What is short term memory?

A

exemplified memory of a number, that lasts until the thought is broken

25
Q

What is intermediate long-term memory?

A
  1. lasts minutes or weeks and can become long-term with activation off enough traces.
26
Q

What is habituation?

A
  1. the ability of the body to become accustomed to a non-threatening stimulus.