Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

REPRO II Exam 1 > Breast Disease - Tieman > Flashcards

Breast Disease - Tieman Flashcards

(65 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

most common breast mass in young women

A

fibroadenoma

<30yo

benign

firm, moveable, non-tender

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

fibroadenoma diagnosis

A

U/S

FNA helpful - but can’t distinguish from phyllodes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

giant fibroadenoma

A

> 5cm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

tx of fibroadenoma

A

may be watched, excised, or treated with cryoablation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

phyllodes tumor

A

stroma grows rapidly and tumor becomes large

may be benign or malignant - depends on mitotic rate and histo

malignant - tx - wide local excision or mastectomy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

fibrocystic breast disease

A

cyst may be painless - multiple painful are common

35-55yo

fluctuate with menstrual cycle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

fluctuate with menstrual cycle

A

fibrocystic breast disease

areas of fibrosis in ducts with destruction and dilation of terminal ductules and lobules

fill with cystic fluid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

tx fibrocystic breast disease

A

aspiration

if recur - may be reaspirated

bloody aspirate - examine it

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

bilateral diffuse cyclical breast pain

A

fibrocystic breast disease

U/S - multiple small cysts

mammography - dense tissue - without mass

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

increased risk of fibrocystic breast disease

A

caffeine
chocolate
alcohol

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

tx of fibrocystic breast disease

A 
support bra
analgesica
avoid trauma
danazol, tamoxifen - if severe
primrose oil
low fat diet
vit E
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

sclerosing adenosis

A

proliferation of fibrous stroma and terminal ductules with deposition of calcium

mammogram - look like microcalcifications of breast ca

no malignant potential

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

radial scar

A

complex sclerosing lesion

microcyst, epithelial hyperplasia, adenosis, central sclerosis

need bx - to distinguish from breast cancer**

slight increased risk to develop breast cancer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

expressed nipple discharge

A

goes away when manipulation stopped

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

spontaneous nipple discharge

A

needs evaluated if serous/blood discharge

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

evaluation of nipple discharge

A

mammogram, cytology, U/S

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

unilateral, spontaneous, bloody/serous nipple discharge

A

duct excision required

95% benign papilloma
5% papillary carcinoma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

bilateral nipple discharge

A

fibrocystic disease with duct ectasia

if not lactating - hyperPRL, hypothyroid, drug induced

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

lactational mastitis

A

younger
breast feeding women with fever
breast erythema and tenderness

staph aureus - tx antibiotics

may form abscess

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

chronc sub-areolar mastitis with duct ectasia

A

older women
diabetics who smoke

mixed flora

tx - antibiotics

may form abscess

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

non-resolving mastitis

A

requires biopsy*

bc looks like inflammatory breast cancer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

fat necrosis

A

scarring folowing trauma, surgery, radiation

scar tissue, chronic inflammatory cells, and macrophages

often with calcifications

no malignant potential

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

male gynecomastia

A

diffuse male hypertrophy

pubertal - adolescent boys - rarely requires tx

senescent - males >50, medication associated - digoxin, thiazide, estrogens, phenothiazines, theophylline

must rule out underlying medical condition (cirrhosis, renal failure, malnutrition)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

male breast cancer

A

harder, non-tender, fixed to surrounding sructure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
lobes of breast
15-20
26
estrogen
ducts
27
progesterone
lobules
28
nipple openings
15-20
29
age <30
fibroadenoma
30
age 30-50
fibrocystic mass
31
age >60
majority of breast cancers but cancer can happen at any age
32
social hx for breast ca
smoking, ETOH, occupation
33
family hx for breast ca
first degree relative - 2-3x risk increase BRCA1 and 2 - 80% lifetime risk endocrine disease
34
estrogen window
menarche to menopause
35
age of 1st pregnancy >35yo
1.5-3x increase risk of breast cancer
36
GAIL model
risk assessment for breast cancer age, menarche age, age 1st birth, 1st relative with breast cancer, number of biopsies, race
37
patient <40yo with benign breast mass desiring excision
surgical biopsy
38
benign breast mass >40yo
mammogram ultrasound FNA excise if malignant - repeat 3 months if benign
39
MRI of breast
high sensitivity low specificity more false positive readings and bx expenses screening for high risk BRCA patients, dense breasts, small lesions, implants
40
FNA
minimally invasive can be done in office requires skilled cytopathologist
41
core needle biopsy
obtain tissue ER/PR analysis doesn't interrupt lymphatics
42
atypia on FNA or core needle bx
requires excision of entire lesion - to rule out malignancy
43
atypical hyperplasia on biopsy
3-6x increased risk of later invasive cancer
44
LCIS
tx as risk factor 15-20x increased risk of DCIS bilaterally** excisional biopsy with clear margins
45
DCIS
tx with lumpectomy/radiation
46
most common invasive breast cancer
ductal | -favorable - medullary, tubular, mucinous, papillary
47
lobular carcinoma of breast
bilateral | slightly better prognosis than ductal
48
peau d'orange
inflammatory cancer of beast
49
breast cancer staging
T1 - 5cm T4 - wall fixation or skin involved N0 - no nodes N1 - mets to ipsilateral nodes N2 - mets to fixed or matted axillary nodes
50
stage 0 prognosis
Tis, N0, M0 - 95% 5 year
51
stage 1 prognosis
T1, N0, M0 - 85% 5 year
52
BI-RADS 0
requires additional studies
53
BI-RADS 1
no abnormal findings | -routine screening
54
BI-RADS 2
benign findings | -routine screening
55
BIRADS 3
probably benign | -6 month follow up
56
BIRADS 4
suspicious abnormality | -image guided bx
57
BIRADS 5
highly suggestive of malignancy | -image guided bx
58
mammotome biopsy
image guided
59
radical mastectomy
removal of breast, pec muscles, axillary nodes rarely used - only if invades pectoralis muscles
60
modified radical mastectomy
remove breast, axillary nodes
61
partial mastectomy
remove part of breast breast ca with negative axillary nodes
62
ALND
axillary lymph node dissection -preferred tx if lymph node positive for cancer or patient doesn't want to risk having two procedures complications - numbness - lymphedema
63
neoadjuvant therapy
chemo/rad before surgery to down size and down stage tumors
64
anastrazole
aromatase inhibitor
65
breast cancer follow up
6-12 months look for recurrence/mets mammograms - yearly bilateral

REPRO II Exam 1 (14 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions