Cardio - FA Patho p 304 - 312 303 Flashcards
(52 cards)
What path is associated with systolic regurg’n murmur, balloon appearence is CXR?
dilated cardiomyopathy
What path is assoc with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, muscle weakness, loss of DTR, vibratory sense, and proprioception?
Friedrich ataxia
Define Kussmaul sign
Inc JVP on inspiration instead of normal dec
Mech of Kussmaul sign
Inspiration –> neg intrathoracic pressure not transmitted to heart –> impaired filling of RV, blood backs up to venae cavae –> JVD
3 pathologies assoc with Kussmaul sign
- Constrictive pericarditis
- restrictive cardiomyopathies
- RA/RV tumors
Most common cardiac tumor in children?
Rhabdomyoma - assoc w/ tuberous sclerosis
What pathology is associated with a “tumor plop” sound in early diastole?
Myxoma
90% of myxomas occur where?
LA
Most common cardiac tumor
Metastasis
What particular structure is disrupted with tertiary syphilis ?
Vasa vasorum of aorta
What protein is most commonly mutated in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy?
Sarcomere proteins, like myosin binding protein C and B myosin heavy chain
Main cause of death in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy?
Ventricular arrythmia
In hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, what leads to outflow obstruction?
asymmetric septal hypertrophy and systolic anterior motion of mitral valve.
Sx of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy?
syncope, dyspnea
What type of hypertrophy do you see in dilated cardiomyopathy
eccentric
Etiologies of dilated cardiomyopathy?
chronic Alcohol abuse wet BeriBeri Coxsackie B viral myocarditis chronic Cocaine use Chagas disease Doxorubicin toxicity Hemochromatosis Sarcoidosis Peripartum cardiomyopathy
Endomyocardial fibrosis with a prominent eosinophilic infiltrate that can lead to restrictive cardiomyopathy
Loffler syndrome
ECG of restrictive cardiomyopathy?
Low voltage ECG despite have a thick myocardium
Causes of Restrictive cardiomyopathy?
Postradiation fibrosis Loffler syndrome endocardial fibroelastosis amyloidosis sarcoidosis hemochromatosis (more likely dilated though)
Rx that reduces mortality during CHF?
ACE inhibitors, AGII-R blockers, BB, spironolactone
Rx that helps both symptoms and reduces mortality in CHF?
Hydralazine with nitrate therapy.
Rx that helps alleviate symptoms of CHF?
Thiazides, loops diuretics
Different between systolic and dystolic dysfunction in CHF?
Diastolic dysfunction would still have preserved EF, normal EDV. Systolic dysfunction will have DEC EF, INC EDV
Most likely causes of culture negative endocarditis?
Coxiella burnetti, Bartonella, HACEK (Haemophilus, Aggregatibacter, Cardiobacterium, Eikenella, Kingella)
