MuscSkCT - FA Anat/Phys p438 - 450

Question 1

excess anterior gliding of tibia due to — injury. excess posterior gliding of tibia due to — injury.

Answer 1

ACL, PCl

Question 2

Pain, “popping” on external rotation is due to — during what exam?

Answer 2

medial meniscal tear McMurray test

Question 3

valgus force causes — space widening of tibia Ž— injury.

Answer 3

(lateral = valgus) medial MCL

Question 4

lateral or medial meniscus injury is more common?

Answer 4

lateral

Question 5

A carpet layer complains of pain in his knees during day but not at night and rapid swelling on the front of kneecap. what is the path?

Answer 5

Prepatellar bursitis

Question 6

Another name for Baker’s cyst?

Answer 6

popliteal cyst, (can also be associated with Lyme disease and RA)

Question 7

Pt fails the “empty/full can” test and therefore the — muscle can not raise the arm to — degree.

Answer 7

Supraspinatus (suprascapular nerve) up to 15 degree before Deltoid takes over

Question 8

Name all the Rotator cuff muscles and their function?

Answer 8

Supraspinatus - (suprascapular nerve) abducts arm initially Infraspinatus - laterally rotates arm teres minor (axillary nerve)—adducts and laterally rotates arm. ƒƒSubscapularis (upper and lower subscapular nerves)—medially rotates and adducts arm.

Question 9

Name all the wrist bones?

Answer 9

Scaphoid, Lunate, Triquetrum, Pisiform, Hamate, Capitate, Trapezoid, Trapezium A . (So Long To Pinky, Here Comes The Thumb).

Question 10

Repetitive flexion (forehand shots) can cause what injury?

Answer 10

Medial epicondylitis

Question 11

— is classically seen in cyclists due to pressure from handlebars. Which nerve is involved?

Answer 11

Guyon canal syndrome Compression of ulnar nerve

Question 12

Repetitive extension (backhand shots) can cause what injury?

Answer 12

Lateral epicondylitis

Question 13

— is the most commonly fractured carpal bone and is prone to — owing to retrograde blood supply.

Answer 13

Scaphoid avascular necrosis

Question 14

— is associated with pregnancy, rheumatoid arthritis, hypothyroidism; may be associated with repetitive use.

Answer 14

Carpal tunnel syndrome

Question 15

What nerve and at what level causes Flattened deltoid if injured?

Answer 15

Axillary (C5-C6)

Question 16

Dislocation of — may cause acute carpal tunnel syndrome.

Answer 16

lunate

Question 17

Pt can’t supinate or flex forearm and has loss of sensation over lateral forearm. Nerve and levels?

Answer 17

Musculocutaneous (C5-C7) lose biceps reflex

Question 18

A fall on an outstretched hand that damages the —- can cause ulnar nerve injury.

Answer 18

hook of the hamate

Question 19

Which nerve does not cause a loss of sensation from an arm injury?

Answer 19

Recurrent branch of median nerve (C5-T1) “Ape hand”

Question 20

Pt has post Tinel sign. what is the Dx and what n./level?

Answer 20

(tingling on percussion) in carpal tunnel syndrome Median (C5-T1) “Ape hand” and “Pope’s blessing”

Question 21

Pt with decr grip strength and loss of sensation over posterior arm/forearm after using crutches. What n. at what levels?

Answer 21

due to compression of axilla —Radial n (C5-T1)

Question 22

Radial deviation of wrist upon flexion (proximal lesion)

Answer 22

Ulnar (C8-T1) “Ulnar claw” on digit extension

Question 23

a boy brought in because he cannot do fine movements of his right hand. He was climbing a tree and he fell from a branch. He tried to grab a branch with his right hand. what injury? 1. radial 2. axillary 3. lower trunk of brachial plexus 4. suprascapular nerve

Answer 23

3

Question 24

Same boy brought in again this time by his nanny. She said as they were taking a walk, he did not see a huge hole so he almost fell in, so she had to pull the child up while his hand was extended and pronated, what nerve injury? 1, median 2. radial 3. ulnar 4. axillary

Answer 24

radial nursemaid elbow

Question 25

lets talk about different fractures of humerus! 1. supracondylar 2. surgical 3. midshaft

Answer 25

1. median 2. axillary 3. radial

Question 26

Which n. affected? 1. lateral epicondyle fracture 2. medial epicondyle fracture

Answer 26

1. later is median 2. medial is ulnar

Question 27

a football player, blow to his shoulder while he was trying to throw a ball. his deltioid is flattened, no \>15 degree abduction. What kind of sensation loss?

Answer 27

axillary N loss of sensation over deltoid and lateral arm

Question 28

you are examining a patient and you know he cannot flex his elbow (forearm flexors injury). you check the nerves and his musculocutaneous nerve is fine. What muscle is injured?

Answer 28

brachioradialis by radial nerve MC is for biceps brachii and brachialis

Question 29

name 3 muscles that MC innervate

Answer 29

brachialis coracobrachialis bicep brachii

Question 30

name 3 muscles of forearm flexors

Answer 30

Brachialis, Bicep brachii, brachioradialis

Question 31

interscalene nerve block was performed while trying to repair upper trunk injury, a patient suddenly develop ipsilateral diaphragmatic paralysis. why?

Answer 31

phrenic passes through interscalene sheath

Question 32

A breast cancer patient develops what cancer after axillary LN ressection? and what type of nerve injury and what are the signs?

Answer 32

angioscarcoma long throacic nerve signs: winged scapula

Question 33

Pudendal nerve block at where?

Answer 33

ischial spine

Question 34

pudendal n. innervates what?

Answer 34

sensory: perineum motor: urethral and anal sphincters

Question 35

Sensory of lateral and anterior thigh

Answer 35

lateral femoral cutaneous

Question 36

what's the origin of pudendal

Answer 36

S2-S4

Question 37

muscle of inferior gluteal

Answer 37

maximus

Question 38

what n. for minimus and medius?

Answer 38

sup gluteal

Question 39

what n. for sensory of scrotum and labia major and medial thigh sensation?

Answer 39

genitofermoral L1-L2

Question 40

whats for sensory of medial thigh and motor adduction

Answer 40

obturator

Question 41

whats root for obturator?

Answer 41

L2-L4

Question 42

What is the nerve root for peroneal and tibial?

Answer 42

L4-S2 is peroneal L4-S3 is tibial

Question 43

pelvic surgery nerve injury?

Answer 43

obturator

Question 44

pelvic fracture?

Answer 44

femoral

Question 45

baker cysts?

Answer 45

tibial n - proximal lesion

Question 46

tarsal tunnel syndrome

Answer 46

tibial n - distal lesion

Question 47

difficulty climbing stairs and cannot rise up from seated positon

Answer 47

inf gluteal n

Question 48

how can you cause superior gluteal injury?

Answer 48

intramuscular injection into upper medial gluteal region

Question 49

Location of proper IM injection in LL?

Answer 49

Superolateral quadrant of gluteal region

Question 50

Trendelenburg sign, explain?

Answer 50

sup gluteal contralateral hip drops when stand on ipsilateral. pelvic tilts bc weight bearing leg cannot maintain alignment of pelvis through hip abduction

Question 51

shoulder dislocation (anterior dislocation of humerus)

Answer 51

affects axillary n

Question 52

posterior hip dislocation

Answer 52

inf gluteal n

Question 53

thigh adduction - n?

Answer 53

obturator

Question 54

thigh abduction

Answer 54

sup gluteal n

Question 55

hip extension

Answer 55

inf gluteal n

Question 56

what does femoral nerve do?

Answer 56

hip flexion and leg extension (so opp of inf. gluteal)

Question 57

foot drop

Answer 57

common peroneal n

Question 58

wrist drop

Answer 58

radial n

Question 59

patient with trauma to lateral leg, only superficial fibular nerve in injured. what can he not do?

Answer 59

cannot evert + dec sensation of dorsum and distal third of anterior leg

Question 60

patient with charcot marie tooth, he has what type of symptoms?

Answer 60

foot drop due to common peroneal nerve involvement

Question 61

knee trauma penetrating injury

Answer 61

tibial n

Question 62

baker cysts is mostly associated with?

Answer 62

chronic inflammation

Question 63

greater sciatic foramen is divided by piriformis. what goes above(1) and what goes below (3) and which goes into lesser sciatic foramen

Answer 63

above is superior gluteal below is siatic nerve, pudendal and inferior gluteal pudendal goes through lesser siatic

Question 64

disc generally herniate through which direction?

Answer 64

posterolaterally, bc of thin post longitudinal lig and thicker ant longitudinal lig

Question 65

herniation of L2-L3 affects which n?

Answer 65

L3

Question 66

Herniation @ what level = dec patellar reflex, weak knee extention

Answer 66

L3-L4

Question 67

herniation @ what level = weakness of dorsiflexion, difficulty in heel walking

Answer 67

L4-L5

Question 68

dec in Achilles reflex - which n affected

Answer 68

S1

Question 69

weakness of plantarflexion

Answer 69

S1

Question 70

lumbar puncture is performed?

Answer 70

L3-L4, L4-L5

Question 71

conus medullaris ends at

Answer 71

L1, L2

Question 72

Injury to axilla/lat thoracic wall affects which n/a?

Answer 72

long thoracic n, lat thoracic a

Question 73

injury to surgical neck of humerus affects which n/a?

Answer 73

axillary n, post circumflex a

Question 74

injury to midshaft humerus - which n/a?

Answer 74

radial N, deep brachial a

Question 75

injury to distal humerus/cubital fossa

Answer 75

median N, brachial a

Question 76

popliteal fossa

Answer 76

tibial N, popliteal A

Question 77

Posterior to medial mallious

Answer 77

Tibal and post. tibal

Question 78

medial epicondyle?

Answer 78

ulnar n

Question 79

cremaster reflex level

Answer 79

L1-L2

Question 80

anal sphincter level

Answer 80

S3 -S4

Question 81

achilles reflex

Answer 81

S1-S2

Question 82

triceps reflex?

Answer 82

C7-C8

Question 83

patellar reflex?

Answer 83

L3-L4

Question 84

biceps reflex?

Answer 84

C5-C6

Question 85

sensory to posterolateral leg

Answer 85

common peroneal nerve ---\> lateral sural cutaneous nerve

Question 86

Pudendal nerve block at where?

Answer 86

ischial n

Question 87

phosphorylation of myosin is done by what enzyme and will this lead to contraction or relaxation?

Answer 87

myosin light chain kinase, contraction

Question 88

dephosphorylation of myosin is done by what enzyme and what will this lead to?

Answer 88

myosin light chain phosphatase, relaxation

Question 89

inc Ca2+ calmodulin complex activates which enzyme?

Answer 89

myosin light chain kinase

Question 90

bones of axial and appendicular skeleton and base of skull are considered as what type of bone formation?

Answer 90

endochondral ossification

Question 91

where do u see membranous ossification?

Answer 91

bones of calvarium and facial bones

Question 92

woven bone is formed directly without

Answer 92

cartilage

Question 93

cartilaginous model of bone is first made by

Answer 93

chondrocytes

Question 94

Osteoblastic activity is measured by?

Answer 94

bone ALP osteocalcin propeptides of type I procollagen

Question 95

How do osteoclasts destroy bone? By secreting ____ & \_\_\_\_

Answer 95

by secreting H+ and collagenases

Question 96

\_\_\_\_ decreases osteoclast activity

Answer 96

Osteoprotegerin , a RANK L decoy receptor, binds RANK-L.

Question 97

At low levels ___ stimulates osteoblasts and indirectly, osteoclasts. At high levels, the same ____ has catabolic effects

Answer 97

PTH

Question 98

\_\_\_\_\_ (-) apoptosis in bone forming osteoblasts and induces apoptosis in bone resorbing osteoclasts

Answer 98

Estrogen

Question 99

\_\_\_\_\_\_ causes closure of epyphyseal plates during puberty

Answer 99

Estrogen

Question 100

\_\_\_\_\_ senses length and speed of musc stretch \_\_\_\_\_ senses musc tension

Answer 100

Muscle spindle proprioceptic receptors GTO (Golgi Tendon Organ)