cardiology

Question 1

what do you give someone with bradycardia and signs of shock

Answer 1

atropine

Question 2

what can give a false low BNP results

Answer 2

being on ramipril for hypertension

Question 3

most likely causative organism for endocarditis with prosthetic valve but under 2 months

Answer 3

staph epidermidis

Question 4

how do you manage patient if systolic BP is less than 90

Answer 4

DC cardioversion

Question 5

what medication is contraindicated in aortic stenosis

Answer 5

ACE i

Question 6

how to treat AVRNT

Answer 6

adenosine

Question 7

what do U waves suggest on ECG

Answer 7

hypokalaemia

Question 8

what drug can you not give with verapamil

Answer 8

beta blocker

Question 9

what ECG abnormality is seen in hypercalcaemia

Answer 9

shortening of QT interval

Question 10

what drug can you not give in a patient with VT

Answer 10

verapamil

Question 11

rate control for patient with AF and asthma

Answer 11

diltiazem - CCB

Question 12

ejection systolic murmur loudest on inspiration is caused by

Answer 12

pulmonary stenosis

Question 13

what is pulmonary stenosis associated with

Answer 13

carcinoid tumours

Question 14

when is murmur in aortic stenosis best heard

Answer 14

on expiration

Question 15

inferior MI and aortic regurgitation are indicators of what

Answer 15

ascending aortic dissection

Question 16

massive PE and hypotension what is the management

Answer 16

thrombolysis

Question 17

what beta blocker causes long QT

Answer 17

sotalol

Question 18

what JVP waveform is seen in a patient with complete heart block

Answer 18

canon A wave

Question 19

what arrhythmia is associated with alcohol consumption

Answer 19

atrial fibrillation

Question 20

what causes pansystolic murmur at left sternal edge

Answer 20

ventricular septal defect

Question 21

patient with AF and heart failure what medication is best to add on

Answer 21

digoxin

Question 22

how long is a normal QRS

Answer 22

120-200ms
3 boxes

Question 23

management of mobitz type II

Answer 23

permanent pacing

Question 24

what is management of bisoprolol overdose

Answer 24

glucagon

Question 25

what creatinine kinase is from the myocardium

Answer 25

CK-MB

Question 26

where is CK-BB from

Answer 26

brain

Question 27

where is CK-MM from

Answer 27

skeletal muscle

Question 28

how long can troponin levels be elevated after an infarct

Answer 28

2 weeks

Question 29

management of 3 vessel coronary artery disease

Answer 29

Coronary artery bypass graft

Question 30

what anticoagulant is used if metallic valve

Answer 30

warfarin

Question 31

what valves are commonly affected in IVDU

Answer 31

tricuspid and mitral

Question 32

start and end of QT interval

Answer 32

start of Q to end of T

Question 33

what is a cannon A wave

Answer 33

result of right atrium contracting against a closed tricuspid valve - occur in patients with complete heart block

Question 34

what is tapping apex beat an indication of

Answer 34

mitral stenosis

Question 35

ECG in Dressler's syndrome

Answer 35

saddle shape ST elevation PR depression downward sloping T-P line (spodick's sign)

Question 36

what is Stanford type A aortic dissection

Answer 36

involved ascending aorta

Question 37

what is Stanford type B aortic dissection

Answer 37

involves descending aorta

Question 38

gold standard investigation for aortic dissection

Answer 38

CT angiogram

Question 39

management of type A aortic dissection

Answer 39

surgical management - graft

Question 40

management of Stanford type B aortic dissection

Answer 40

blood pressure control

Question 41

pan systolic murmur radiating to axilla is

Answer 41

mitral regurgitation

Question 42

is mitral regurgitation a complication of MI

Answer 42

yes

Question 43

inheritance of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy

Answer 43

autosomal dominant

Question 44

angina not controlled with beta blocker what do you add next

Answer 44

nifedipine - dihydropyridine calcium channel blocker

Question 45

what is the most common cause of mitral stenosis

Answer 45

rheumatic fever

Question 46

heart failure what annual vaccination are they given

Answer 46

influenza

Question 47

young adult with hypertension and systolic murmur

Answer 47

coarctation of aorta

Question 48

why does patient get polyuria in WPW

Answer 48

due to release of ANP

Question 49

1st line management of pericarditis

Answer 49

NSAIDs and colchicine

Question 50

what is Quincke's sign and what is it a clinical sign of

Answer 50

nailbed pulsation aortic regurgitation

Question 51

complete heart block following an MI what artery is most likely to be affected

Answer 51

right coronary artery

Question 52

suspected PE and renal failure what is investigation to perform

Answer 52

V/Q scan

Question 53

what causes sudden death in HOCM

Answer 53

ventricular arrhythmia

Question 54

what wave on ECG is associated with hypothermia

Answer 54

J wave

Question 55

can you give adenosine to asthmatics

Answer 55

no

Question 56

systolic murmur preceded by a mid systolic click is

Answer 56

mitral valve prolapse

Question 57

management of atrial flutter

Answer 57

bisoprolol

Question 58

AF + stroke what is anticoagulant

Answer 58

warfarin

Question 59

loop diuretics cause tinnitus

Answer 59

yes

Question 60

what valve is mostly affected in endocarditis

Answer 60

mitral valve

Question 61

what can be added to atenolol for rate control in AF

Answer 61

digoxin

Question 62

what heart sound is heard in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy

Answer 62

S4

Question 63

new onset AF within 48 hours what is best management

Answer 63

DC cardio version

Question 64

Persistent ST elevation 4 weeks after MI + bibasal crackles + S3 S4 =

Answer 64

Left ventricular aneurysm

Question 65

Posterior MI on ECG

Answer 65

tall R waves in lead V1-3

Question 66

Diastolic murmur + AF =

Answer 66

Mitral stenosis

Question 67

acute heart failure not responding to treatment what do you consider next

Answer 67

CPAP

Question 68

what is Beck's triad

Answer 68

hypotension raised JVP heart sounds that are difficult to auscultate

Question 69

what is becks triad seen in

Answer 69

cardiac tamponade

Question 70

what medication should be avoided in patients with HOCM

Answer 70

ACE inhibitor

Question 71

what is contraindicated in aortic stenosis

Answer 71

nitrates

Question 72

what cardiac abnormality is associated with polycystic kidney disease

Answer 72

mitral valve prolapse

Question 73

ABG of PE

Answer 73

respiratory alkalosis

Question 74

what is 2nd line for symptomatic bradycardia if atropine fails

Answer 74

external pacing

Question 75

Peduncualted heterogenous mass on echocardiogram

Answer 75

Atrial myxoma

Question 76

Peduncualted heterogenous mass on echocardiogram

Answer 76

Atrial myxoma

Question 76

Peduncualted heterogenous mass on echocardiogram

Answer 76

Atrial myxoma

Question 77

Becks triad

Answer 77

Hypotension Raised JVP Soft heart sounds

Question 78

What is Becks triad a sign of

Answer 78

Cardiac tamponade

Question 79

ECG of cardiac tamponade

Answer 79

Electrical alternans

Question 80

what is an early sign of LVF

Answer 80

gallop rhythm (S3)

Question 81

do ACE inhibitors cause hypo or hyperkalaemia

Answer 81

hyperkalaemia

Question 82

what drug can be used instead of amiodarone

Answer 82

lidocaine

Question 83

reduce risk of mortality in heart failure with reasonable quality of life and LVEF <35%

Answer 83

ICD

Question 84

what is pulses alternates associated with

Answer 84

left sided heart failure

Question 85

most common cause of myocarditis

Answer 85

coxsackie B

Question 86

what cardiac condition can clarithromicin cause

Answer 86

torsade des pointes

Question 87

what is brigade syndorme

Answer 87

genetic condition caused by sodium channelopathies

Question 88

what is the gene mutation in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy

Answer 88

sarcomere protein gene mutation

Question 89

what is de musset sign and what is it associated with

Answer 89

rhythmic head nodding or bobbing in aortic regurgitation

Question 90

1st line management for paroxysmal atrial fibrillation

Answer 90

flecainide

Question 91

what is pulsus paradoxus seen in

Answer 91

cardiac tamponade

Question 92

murmur in aortic dissection

Answer 92

aortic regurgitation