mix Flashcards
1
Q
massive PE on ECG
A
RBBB
2
Q
raised ICP what findings
A
bradycardia
hypertension with wide pulse pressure
3
Q
investigation for mycoplasma pneumonia
A
serology
4
Q
what is cervical excitation seen in
A
PID
ectopic
5
Q
what drugs are contraindicated in patients with renal artery stenosis
A
ace inhibitors
6
Q
ABG of PE
A
respiratory alkalosis
7
Q
long term prophylaxis cluster headache
A
verapamil
8
Q
halo sign mammogram
A
breast cyst
9
Q
vertigo, hearing loss, tinnitus and absent corneal reflex
A
vestibular schwannoma
10
Q
what nerves are affected in vestibular schwannoma
A
V
VII
VIII
11
Q
anterior cerebral artery stroke
A
leg weakness but not face weakness or speech impairment
12
Q
first line for spasticity MS
A
baclofen
gabapentin
13
Q
what diabetes medication is associated with bladder cancer
A
thiazolidinediones
14
Q
first line treatment for primary dysmenorrhoea
A
NSAID
- mefanamic acid
15
Q
management of inguinal hernia in infants
A
urgent surgery
16
Q
raised ICP can cause a third nerve palsy due to
A
herniation
17
Q
what is a contraindication to circumcision
A
hypospadias
18
Q
line treatment for ankylosing spondylitis
A
TNF-alpha blocker e.g. infliximab and etanercept
19
Q
what is released into the blood stream when there is damage to the liver
A
ALT
ALP
20
Q
what is seen in CXR of patients with aortic dissection
A
widened mediastinum
21
Q
bite and blister cells are seen in
A
G6PD deficiency
22
Q
what is most important cause of ventricular tachycardia
A
hypokalaemia
23
Q
frist line for infertility in PCOS
A
clomifene
24
Q
management of acute upper urinary tract obstruction
A
nephrostomy
25
what is given to suppress nausea and vomiting in intracranial tumours
dexamethasone
26
domains used in scoring system for pancreatitis
P - PaO2 <8kPa
A - Age >55-years-old
N - Neutrophilia: WCC >15x10(9)/L
C - Calcium <2 mmol/L
R - Renal function: Urea >16 mmol/L
E - Enzymes: LDH >600iu/L; AST >200iu/L
A - Albumin <32g/L (serum)
S - Sugar: blood glucose >10 mmol/L
27
vision worse going downstairs what nerve
trochlear nerve
think 4th nerve palsy
28
what type of rash can be caused by herpes simplex virus
erythema multiform
29
presentation of acute intermittent porphyria
abdominal, neurological and psychiatric symptoms
- abdominal pain
- motor neuropathy
- psychiatric
- hypertension (common)
30
diagnosis of acute intermittent porphyria
urine turns deep red on staining
raised urinary porphobilinogen
31
management of acute intermittent porphyria
avoid triggers
acute attacks
- IV haematin
- IV glucose
32
lung cancer obstructive or restrictive
obstructive
33
loss of left heart border on CXR is caused by
left lingual consolidation (no left middle lobe)
34
what should be checked before starting terbinafine
LFT
then every 4-6 weeks after that
35
what is rash called in Lyme disease
erythema migrans
36
scalp psoriasis what is 1st line management
topical corticosteroids
37
when do you refer a child for not smiling
10 weeks
38
is bells palsy upper or lower motor neuron
lower motor neuron
- so therefore cannot wrinkle their forehead properly (if UMN you can)
39
what deficiency is nephrotic syndrome associate with
antithrombin III
40
what is mesenteric adenitits presentation
presents same as appendicitis but has a recent viral infection
needs no treatment
41
what is alprostadil and example of
prostaglandin E
keeps PDA open
42
what causes tonsillar carcinoma
HPV - 16 and 18
43
someone taking haloperidol gets a tremor what is given to treat symptoms
procyclidine
44
what is a common complication of giardiasis treatment
lactulose intolerance for up to 6 weeks
45
medication to reduce disease progression in polycystic kidney disease
tolvaptan
46
poor response to fluid challenge
acute tubular necrosis
47
hernia through hasselback triangle
direct inguinal hernia
48
ongoing vomiting then ripping chest pain, crackling sounds on auscultation is suggestive of
Boerhaave syndrome
49
red currant jelly stool in child
intussuception
50
management of intussuseption
rectal air insufflation
51
coffee bean sign on Xray
volvulus
52
gold investigation for thromboembolic stroke
diffusion weighted MRI
53
parietal lobe damage what finding
contralateral visual field
54
middle cerebral artery controls
speech and language
55
anterior cerebral artery controls
foot and lower leg weakness
not speech disturbance
56
what is a contraindication for thrombolysis
BP > 180/110
INR >1.7
57
r
58
what is malignant hypertermia
what causes it
treatment
complication of anaesthetic administration
caused by increase calcium release from sarcoplasmic reticulum
hyperpyrexia and muscle rigidity
dnaltroene (reduced calcium release from sarcoplasmic reticulum)
59
if 6 weeks until surgery how do you treat iron deficiency
oral iron (not IV)
60
CXR in child showing hyperinflation and fluid in horizontal fissure
transient tachypnoea of newborn
61
inheritance of haemophilia A
X linked
62
investigation for vesicoureteral reflux
micturating cystourethrogram
63
what drug interacts with clarithromycin
statin
64
acute onset, pain, small, fixed oval pupil, ciliary flush
anterior uveitis
65
symptoms of hereditary haemorrhagic telangiectasia
- epistaxis
- telangiectases (lips, hands, oral cavity)
- visceral lesion
- family history
only need 2 of above for diagnosis
66
unrecordable blood glucose, confusion and abdominal pain
DKA
67
hyperthyroidism with firm nodules what is most likely underlying cause
toxic multinodular goitre
68
auer rods and phi bodies are seen in
AML
69
philadelphia chromosome causes
what is management
CML
imatinib
70
what type of anaemia can prosthetic heart valves cause
haemolytic anaemia
71
test for hereditary spherocytosis
EMA binding test
72
normocytic anaemia, gallstones and family history
hereditary spherocytosis
73
management of PE if patient has severe renal failure
unfractioned heparin
74
what is benign rolandic epilepsy
partial seizures at night
75
metastatic HCC management
sorafenib
76
1st line management IBS with diarrhoea
loperamide
77
1st line management IBS with constipation
laxatives - e.g. ispaghula husk
avoid lactulose
78
feeling like lump in throat, most discomfort when trying to swallow saliva
globus pharyngis
79
oesophageal cancer associated with GORD is most likely to be
adenocarcinoma
80
risk for oesophageal candidiasis
HIV
steroid inhaler
81
plummer vinson syndrome symptoms
triad of:
- dysphagia
- glossitis
- iron deficiency anaemia
82
characteristic side effect of mirtazipine
increased appetite
83
what is acute dystonia
and what can cause it
sustained muscle contraction e.g. torticollis
antipsychotics
84
what antipsychotic has the most tolerable side effects particularly prolactin levels
aripiprazole
85
young female develops AKI after initiation of ACE inhibitor
fibromuscular dysplasia
86
high plasma osmolality and a low urine osmolality
diabetes insipidus
87
vascular surgeries
Selected vascular surgeries and related scars
Femero-popliteal bypass scars
Would result in a vertical groin scar and a distal lower limb scar
Femoral-femoral bypass scars
Would result in two vertical groin scars.
Axillo-femoral bypass scars
Would result in a scar over the left pectoral region and left groin.
Ileo-femoral bypass scars
Will result in an oblique scar to access the iliac arteries, and vertical groin scar to access the femorals.
88
what is first line analgesia for mild labour pain
entonox
89
what virus causes kaposi's sarcoma
HHV-8
90
painless ulcer on genitals
treponema pallidum (syphilis)
91
how long until progesterone only pill is effective
2 days
92
vocal resonance in pneumothorax
decreased
93
cause of mumps
paramyxovirus
94
clinical presentation of mumps
parotitis
orchitis
asceptic meningitis
deafness
95
most common cause of renal artery stenosis in patients over 50
atherosclerosis
96
what ECG abnormality can subarachnoid haemorrhage cause
torsade des pointes
97
what is trousseau's sign and what is it associated with
migratory thrombophlebitis affecting extremities of body
associated with pancreatic cancer
98
what is a complication of mycoplasma pneumonia
cold autoimmune haemolytic anaemia - pain the the toes and low haemoglobin
99
what is given as immunosuppresion post renal transplants
tacrolimus
100
management of SIADH
fluid restriction
101
investigation for narcolepsy
multiple sleep latency EEG
102
mass on tail of parotid gland
pleomorphic adenoma
103
what does asymmetrical symptoms in parkinsons suggest
that it is idiopathic
104
ground glass appearance on CXR of newborn
respiratory distress of newborn
105
common cause of otitis externa
pseudomonas auerginosa
106
management of whipples disease
extended course of antibiotics (co-trim)
107
investigation to determine underlying cause of AKI
urinalysis
108
aspirin overdose ABG
respiratory alkalosis then metabolic acidosis
vertigo, tinnitus, abdominal pain
supportive treatment
109
steroid induced hyperglycaemia management
gliclazide
110
name of eye drops in sjorgen
hypromellose
111
uterus large irregular and firm
fibroids
112
risk factor for bacterial vaginosis
smoking
113
hypotestosteronism what additional investigation is indicated
DEXA scan as it is associated with osteoporosis
114
Xray of rickets
widened epiphyseal plates
115
what antihypertensive cannot be given with epipen
beta blocker
116
patient with aortic dissection who is unstable what imaging
echocardiogram
117
what is cut off K+ for adding spironolactone on for BP control
>4.5 cant add
118
what type of stroke causes lock in syndrome
basilar artery
119
type 1 diabetic with BMI > 25 what other medication other than insulin should they be offered
metformin
120
SLE what investigations initially
FBC
U+E and urinalysis
ESR and CRP
ANA
complement - low C3
121
another name for salmonella
typhoid fever
122
what are patients with aortic valve infective endocarditis at risk of
aortic root abscess formation
ECG - PR interval elongation
123
triad of neuromyelitis optica (Devic's disease)
- optic neuritis
- transverse-myelitis
- positive NMO-IgG (antibody targeting aquaporin 4)
124
management of Devic disease
immunosuppresion
125
criteria for liver transplant in paracetamol OD
pH <7.3
INR > 6.5
creatinine >300
126
when can you start COCP after birth
3 weeks
127
when is review for undescended testes
3 months
128
can amiodarone cause hyperthyroid or hypothyroid
hypothyroid
129
1st line management for lyme disease
oral doxycyline
investigation - blood test serology
130
what criteria for PCOS
rotterdam
131
lights criteria for pleural effusion
This states that an effusion is an exudate if: the pleural fluid to serum protein ratio is >0.5, the pleural fluid to serum LDH ratio is >0.6, or the pleural fluid LDH is >2/3 the upper reference limit for serum LDH.
132
what stroke occurs due to uncontrolled hypertension
pontine haemorrhage
133
what overdose causes a widened QRS
tricyclic antidepressant
- IV bicarbonate
134
what does VSD increase risk of
endocarditis
135
fragile X
learning difficulty
macrocephaly
long face
large ears
136
noonan syndrome
webbed neck
pectux excavatum
short stature
pulmonary stenosis
137
generalised lymphadenopathy with palpable mass in left hypochondriac region (spleen)
infectious mononucleosis
138
pancreatitis imaging
early ultrasound
139
what contraception is safe to offer with HRT
progesterone only
140
what is investigation for NAFLD
enhanced liver fibrosis blood test
after finding on ultrasound
141
do you stop ACE inhibitor before surgery
yes
142
antifreeze antidote
fomepizol
143
elderly, particularly women, airway compromise (stridor) and dysphagia
anaplastic carcinoma
144
is presbycusis high frequency or low frequency
high frequency hearing loss
sensorineural hearing loss
145
what do you add to angina after bisoprolol
amlodipine
146
clue cells are seen in
bacterial vaginosis
147
what complication does bacterial vaginosis cause in pregnancy
preterm rupture of membranes
148
what is important to monitor after paracetamol overdose
pH
149
when do you double dose of emergency contraception
BMI >26 or weight >70kg
double levonelle
150
what type of pulse seen in PDA
collapsing pulse
151
pernicious anaemia predisposes to
gastric cancer
152
what causes TURP syndrome
irrigation with glycine during TURP
153
microcephaly association
fetal alcohol syndrome
154
serum copper in Wilsons
reduced
155
can you see haemoptysis in mitral stenosis
yes
156
management of SAH
nimodipine
157
subdural haemorrhage management
Burr hole evacuation
158
what parkinsons medication do you not give to patients with history of addiction
dopamine agonists e.g. bromocryptine
159
investigation in TIA
urgent carotid doppler study
diffusion weighted MRI
160
widespread convulsion without conscious impairment is likely to be
psychogenic non-epileptic seizure
- pseudoseizure
161
loss of corneal reflex think
acoustic neuroma
162
what is a trigger for cluster headaches
alcohol
163
management of focal seizure (Jacksonian march)
levetiracetam
164
haemorrhagic stroke what should you start
labetolol - BP control is vital
165
management of crohns with perianal fistula
oral metronidazole
166
HNPCC associated with
pancreatic cancer
167
lemon tinge to skin is associated with
pernicious anaemia
168
what drug can induce cholestasis
COCP
169
management of cushing syndrome
metapyron
ketaconazole
170
management of nephrogenic diabetes insipidus
thiazides - chlorothiazides
171
hernia below and lateral
femoral
172
when are lithium levels checked
12 hours post dose
