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neurology Flashcards

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1
Q

where does ondansetron act

A

in medulla oblongata

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2
Q

eye deviated down and out and ptosis (painful third nerve palsy) where is location of lesion

A

posterior communicating artery aneurysm

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3
Q

best foods to eat in childhood epilepsy

A

ketogenic diet - high fat, low carbohydrate

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4
Q

Wallenberg syndrome mnemonic

A

DANVAH
- Dysphagia
- ipsilateral Ataxia
- Nystagmus
- Vertigo
- Anaesthesia
- ipsilateral Horner syndrome

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5
Q

how long after stroke symptoms can you thrombolyse

A
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6
Q

how long after stroke symptoms can you thrombolyse

A

up to 4.5 hours

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7
Q

can you give warfarin to patient with AF

A

no

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8
Q

what type of MRI for MS

A

MRI with contrast

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9
Q

what is a life-threatening complication of pituitary adenoma

A

pituitary apoplexy

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10
Q

what is pituitary apoplexy

A

bleeding/infarction within the pituitary macroadenoma

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11
Q

treatment of pituitary apoplexy

A

IV hydrocortisone

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12
Q

features of wernickes dysphasia

A

speech fluent
comprehension abnormal
repetition impaired

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13
Q

where is language comprehension centre found

A

in temporal lobe

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14
Q

where is wernickes area

A

in temporal lobe

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15
Q

side effect of lamotrigine

A

Steven Johnson syndrome

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16
Q

weber syndrome

A

ipsilateral III palsy
contralateral weakness

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17
Q

imagine for TIA

A

MRI brain with diffusion-weighted imaging

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18
Q

management of bell’s palsy

A

prednisolone

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19
Q

side effect of phenytoin

A

peripheral neuropathy

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20
Q

1st line investigation for stroke

A

non contrast CT

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21
Q

what is syringomyelia associated with

A

Arnold-chiari malformation

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22
Q

brocas aphasia

A
  • reduced speech fluency
  • preserved comprehension
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23
Q

where is damage in Broca’s aphasia

A

left frontal lobe

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24
Q

where I damage in Wernicke’s aphasia

A

left temporal-parietal damage

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25
Wernicke's aphasia
- words are muddled can't understand their own or other peoples speech
26
nominal aphasia
difficult naming objects
27
what is amaurosis fugax
sudden transient loss of vision in one eye
28
what is amaurosis fugax first clinic evidence of
internal carotid artery stenosis
29
is TIA in anterior or posterior circulation carry a more serious risk
anterior
30
prophylaxis for migraines
propranolol topiramate
31
what kind of headache develops following a lumbar puncture
low pressure headache - take caffeine and fluids
32
what is Miller-Fisher syndrome
variant of Guillan-Barre syndrome - associated with ophthalmoplegia, areflexia and ataxia - eye muscles typically affected first - descending paralysis
33
what antibodies in Miller-Fisher syndrome
anti-GQ1b
34
what are infantile seizures commonly associated with
tuberous sclerosis
35
Jacksonian march seizure
starts in one place e.g. hand and spreads quickly 'marches' over the respective foot, hand or face
36
gold standard investigation for intracranial venous thrombosis
MRI venography
37
sudden onset headache nausea and vomiting reduced consciousness elevated D dimer suggestive of
intracranial venous thrombosis
38
management of trigeminal neuralgia
carbamazepine
39
cortico-basal degeneration
Parkinsonism + spontaneous activity by and affected limb (flailing limb)
40
progressive supranuclear palsy
Parkinsonism associated with asymmetric tremor, early postural instability and supra nuclear gaze palsy
41
multiple system atrophy
parkinson plus syndrome parkinsonian triad postural hypotension incontinence impotence
42
what does posterior inferior cerebellar artery supply
part of cerebellum and medulla oblongata
43
plucking of clothes is typically seen in what type of seizure
temporal lobe seizure
44
what is most common complication following meningitis
sensorineural hearing loss
45
what kind of onset does pseudo seizure have
gradual onset
46
pontine haemorrhage presentation
reduced GCS paralysis bilateral pin point pupils
47
if fasciculations think
motor neurone disease
48
what drug should be avoided in patients with myasthenia gravis
bisoprolol
49
what artery would cause arm and leg weakness and speech problems
middle cerebral artery
50
what drug is given with levodopa
carbidopa - reduces breakdown of levodopa peripherally
51
young adult male with: frontal balding difficulty letting go when shaking hand
myotonic dystrophy
52
what genetic causes myotonic dystrophy
trinucleotide repeat disorder
53
what is mono neuritis multiplex a type of
peripheral neuropathy
54
features of Brown Sequard
- ipsilateral weakness below lesion - ipsilateral loss of proprioception and vibration - contralateral loss of pain and temperature
55
what is brown sequard
lateral hemisection of spinal cord
56
4 main features of neuroleptic malignant syndrome
- rigidity - hyperthermia - autonomic instability (hypotension, tachycardia) - altered mental state (confusion)
57
what can neuroleptic malignant syndrome cause
AKI - deranged U&Es
58
cause of neuroleptic malignant syndrome
antipsychotic medication
59
obese, young female with headaches, blurred vision =
idiopathic intracranial hypertension
60
management of neuroleptic malignant syndrome
bromocriptine
61
what antiplatelet after TIA
clopidogrel
62
side effect of carbamezipine
Steven johnson syndrome
63
cape like loss of pain and temperature sensation =
syringomyelia
64
investigation of choice for syringomyelia
MRI
65
management of myasthenic crisis
IV immunoglobulin and plasmapheresis
66
Atrophy in medial temporal lobe
Alzheimer’s disease
67
Atrophy in medial temporal lobe
Alzheimer’s disease
68
Laughter leading to fall/collapse =
Cataplexy
69
when do you start aspirin after a stroke
24 hours after thormbolysis
70
most common associated condition in myasthenia gravis
thymic hyperplasia
71
optic neuritis what is the visual defect
central scotoma
72
where is the lesion that causes optic neuritis
optic nerve
73
where is the lesion in wallenberg syndrome
lateral medulla
74
Gait ataxia where is the lesion
Cerebellar vermis
75
Gait ataxia where is the lesion
Cerebellar vermis
75
Gait ataxia where is the lesion
Cerebellar vermis
75
Gait ataxia where is the lesion
Cerebellar vermis

finals (25 decks)

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