Cardiovascular System Flashcards
(22 cards)
Causes of cyanotic HD x2
Tetralogy of fallot
Transposition of great vessels
Components of TOF x4
VSD
RVH
Overriding aorta
Right ventricular outflow tract obstruction
Side effects of prostaglandins x6
Apnea
Seizures
Jitteriness
Vasodilatation
Hypotension
Flushing
Consequences of hypercyanotic spells x3
CVA
Myocardial infarction
Death
CXR findings for TOF x3 and what causes them
Boot shaed heart - RVH
Pulmonary artery bay - decreased pulmonary artery flow
Decreased pulmonary vascular markings - decreased pulmonary flow
CXR findings for TGA x2 and what causes them
Increased pulmonary vascular markings due to increased pulmonary flow
Egg on side cardiac shape- due to narrow vascular perdicle, RVH
Define Eisenmenger syndrome
Developmement of a R to L shunt secondary to an untreated pulmonary hypertension caused by a L to R shunt
Complex cpongenital heart diseases x4
Tricuspid atresia
MItral atresia
Trunchus arteriosus
Double inlet left ventricle
Describe how someone with a tricuspid atresia survives
There is no cnnection between the RA and RV so an ASD drains blood from the RA> LA> LV and a VSD sends blood from the LV to the RV to the pulmonary circulation
In which syndrome is AVSD most common
Down syndrome
Causes of outflow obstruuction in a well chid x3
Pulmonary stenosis
Aortic stenosis
Coarctation of the aorta
Clinical presentation of severe aorticcc stenosis
Syncope
Chest pain onn exertion
Reduced exercise tolerance
What cardiac defects is aortic stenosis associated with x2
Mitral stenosis
Coarctation of the aorta
Examples of duct dependent circulations x4
Coarctation of the aorta
Aortic valve stenosis
Interruption of the aortic arch
Hypoplastic left heart syndrome
Causes of outflow obstruction in a sick child x2
Coarctation of the aorta
Interruption of the aortic arch
Hypoplastic left heart syndrome
Branches of the aortic arch in order x3
Brachiocephalic
L common carotid
L subclavian artery
CXR findings of aortic stenosis x2
Prominent left ventricle
Post stenotic dilatation of the ascending aorta
CXR finding of pumonary stenosis
Post stenotic dilatation of the pulmonary artery
Management of pulmonary and aortic stenosis
Transcatheter balloon dilatation
CXR findings of coarctation of the aorta x2 and what causes them
Rib notchinng due to aortic to aortic collaterals
3 sign - site of coarctation
Causes of left to right shunting x3
ASD
VSD
PDA
Genetic disorders associated with CHD x4
Turners syndrome
Trisomy 13,18, 21
