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Cell Bio Lab Practical Flashcards

1
Q

Agranulocytes

A

Lymphocytes and Monocytes

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2
Q

Granulocytes

A

Neutrophils, Eosinophils, Basophils

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3
Q

Attached to nose piece of microscope with 4 different attachments

A

Objective Lens

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4
Q

Process of enlarging an object only in appearance

A

Magnification

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5
Q

The ability to tell 2 points apart as separate points

A

Resolution

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6
Q

The vertical distance with which structure are in sharp focus

A

Depth of Field (DOF); decreases as magnification is increased

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7
Q

Distance from the bottom of the microscope (lens) to the part of the specimen that is in focus

A

Working Distance; decreases as magnification increases

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8
Q

Most commonly micrometer

A

Unit of Length

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9
Q

Under normal viewing conditions resolution is increased by decreasing the wavelength of the light source; wavelength/2 X numerical aperture

A

Resolving Power

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10
Q

Two fundamental characteristics of living organisms

A

Self-maintenance and Self-replication

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11
Q

The smallest unit of life

A

Single cell

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12
Q

Cell Theory

A
  1. All organisms are composed of cells
  2. All cells arise from preexisting cells
  3. All hereditary components of organisms occur in cells
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13
Q

Difference between Prokaryote and Eukaryote

A

Organelles in Euk.
No nucleus in Pro
Pro DNA is circular

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14
Q

Bacteria that use H2 to reduce CO2 to methane

A

Methonagens

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15
Q

Bacteria that live where it is hot and acidic

A

Thermoacidophiles

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16
Q

Bacteria that live where it is hot

A

Hyperthermophiles

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17
Q

Salt-loving bacteria

A

Extreme Halophiles

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18
Q

Bacteria that respire using sulfur and organic carbon and live in extreme heat and acidic environments

A

Thermoplasma

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19
Q

Bacteria that survive and multiply only in the absence of free oxygen

A

Obligate anaerobes

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20
Q

Bacteria that can survive without oxygen when it is unavailable, but it also oxygen tolerant

A

Facultative Anerobes

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21
Q

Morphological Groups

A

Coccus and Bacillus and Spirillum

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22
Q

Spherical Morphological Group

A

Coccus

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23
Q

Rod shaped Morphological Group

A

Bacilli

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24
Q

Spiral Morphological Group

A

Spirillum

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25
Direct Stain with a basic dye
Methylene Blue
26
Staining that dissociates
Methylene Blue (+)
27
Stains in which the chromatophore is negative
Acidic stains aka Cytoplasmic stains
28
Stains in which the chromatophore is positive
Basic stains
29
Fixing bacteria to a slide
bacteria is made to stick to the slide
30
Congo Red
Negative (acidic) staining using nigrosin or Congo Red; has a negatively charged chromatophore; easy to observe cell size and shape; cells appear as clear, colorless objects agains a dark background
31
Objective lends power X ocular lens power
Total Magnification
32
Ability of the lenses to distinguish fine detail
Resolution
33
Change by staining specimens
Refractive Index
34
Improves resolution
Oil Immersion
35
One of the most important staining techniques available
Gram Stain
36
Gram Positive
Purple
37
Gram Negative
Pink
38
Erythrocytes
Red blood cells
39
Leukocytes
White blood cells
40
Thrombocytes
Platelets
41
Composition of blood
Plasma or serum, RBC's, WBC's, and platelets
42
Contain the red pigment hemoglobin and are the most abundant
Red blood cells
43
Globin
polypeptide in RBCs
44
Heme
Complex iron-containing structure in RBCs
45
Basic functional unit of a mature compact bone
Cylindrical Osteon
46
Mature bone cells
Osteocytes: found in outer portions of the osteon of the bone and shafts of long bones; Dark spots on outer ring of the central canal; provides great strength and support
47
Usually round, with relatively thick walls; Rippled
Artery
48
Usually flattened or collapsed with relatively thin walls; Smooth
Vein
49
Nitrogen containing compounds of high molecular weight found associated with proteins in the cell
Nucleic Acids
50
Nucleoproteins
Nucleic acid-protein complexes
51
Two main groups of nucleic acids
RNA and DNA
52
Fundamental building blocks of nucleic acids
Nucleotides
53
Two classes of nitrogenous in nucleic acids
Purines and Pyrimidines
54
Adenine and Guanine
Purines
55
Cytosine, Uracil, and Thymine
Pyrimidines
56
The sugar is covalently linked to a nitrogen of the purine or pyrimidine base
Nucleosides
57
A hydroxyl group on the sugar of the nucleoside is covalently linked in an ester bond with phosphoric acid
Nucleotides
58
Macromolecules in which the nucleotides are linked by phosphodiester bonds between 3' and 5' positions of the sugars
Nucleic acids
59
Function of DNA
to act as the store of genetic information and to control the synthesis of proteins in the cell
60
Separating solutes in a mixture using a stationary phase and a mobile phase
Paper Chromatography
61
Carried out by placing samples to be analyzed on strips or sheets of filter paper and allowing an organic solvent saturated with water to flow slowly up the paper by capillary action
Paper chromatography
62
The migration rate of the solute in the direction of solvent flow is defined as
the Rf value
63
Alpha-hydroxylevulinaldehyde reacts with __________ to give blue complex
Diphenylamine
64
_________ reacts with the furfural in the presence of ferric chloride to yield a green color
Orcinol
65
Conduct action potentials, store information and in some way integrate and evaluate data
Neurons
66
6-amino purine
Adenine
67
5 Nitrogens and No Oxygens
Adenine
68
2-amino-6-oxy purine
Guanine
69
5 Nitrogen and 1 Oxygen
Guanine
70
2-oxy-4-oxy-methyl pyrimidine
Thymine
71
2 Nitrogen 2 Oxygen and 1 CH3
Thymine
72
2-oxy-4-amino pyrimidine
Cytosine
73
3 Nitrogen and 1 Oxygen
Cytosine

Cell Bio (30 decks)

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