Cell Transport 8/9/22

Question 1

What are all cells surrounded/covered by

Answer 1

Cell membrane

Question 2

what does the cell membrane do

Answer 2

controls what enters and leaves the cell

Question 3

What does selectively permeable mean

Answer 3

it allows some substances to pass through while keeping others out.

Question 4

Whats a phospholipid bilayer

Answer 4

The two layers phospholipids arranged tail to tail

Question 5

Name the 2 parts of phospholipids

Answer 5

polar heads, fatty acid tails

Question 6

Is the polar head hydrophilic or hydrophobic

Answer 6

hydrophilic, loves water

Question 7

are the fatty acid tails hydrophobic or hydrophilic

Answer 7

hydrophobic, afraid of water

Question 8

What does hydrophilic mean

Answer 8

Loves water

Question 9

What does hydrophobic mean

Answer 9

afraid of water

Question 10

Cells environment are mostly ——

Answer 10

water

Question 11

What happens when the fatty acid tails come in contact with water

Answer 11

They repel and arrange in a double layer

Question 12

What is the fluid Mosaic model, and what are the 3 parts

Answer 12

phospholipids create a sea in which the other molecules can float. 1. transport proteins 2. cholesterol 3.Carbohydrates

Question 13

What do the 3 parts of the fluid Mosaic model do

Answer 13

1. transport proteins- allow specific molecules through
2. cholesterol- stabilizes the membrane
3. Carbs- important for cell recognition

Question 14

Whats concentration gradient

Answer 14

the difference in concentration inside the cells vs. outside

Question 15

Whats diffusion

Answer 15

the net movement of molecules down a concentration gradient (high to low concentration)

Question 16

whats a solvent and solute

Answer 16

solvent- liquid
solute- dissolved solid

Question 17

Whats passive transport

Answer 17

Materials can move through the
membrane down their concentration
gradient (from high to low) with NO
energy input from the cell.

Question 18

What are the 3 types of passive transport

Answer 18

1. simple diffusion
2. facilitated diffusion
3. osmosis

Question 19

Whats simple diffusion

Answer 19

small molecules move directly thorough the cell membrane from high to low

Question 20

Whats facilitated diffusion

Answer 20

large or charged molecules move through a transport protein in the cell membrane from high to low

Question 21

Whats osmosis

Answer 21

Diffusion of water across a semi-permeable membrane, net movement is water is towards low water (high solute) concentration

Question 22

Whats osmotic pressure

Answer 22

the pressure that develops due to
osmosis.

Question 23

Whats hypotonic

Answer 23

The solution is less concentrated then the cell, water moves into the cell

Question 24

Whats hypertonic

Answer 24

The solution is more concentrated then the cell, water will move out of the cell

Question 25

Whats isotonic

Answer 25

the solution is the same as the cell, water will stay the same

Question 26

Whats lysis

Answer 26

When water mainly enters the cell, the cell may burst

Question 27

Whats crenation

Answer 27

When water mainly leaves the cell and it shrivels up

Question 28

In a plant cell what happens when you have a hypotonic solution

Answer 28

vacuoles fill up with water and pressure is created

Question 29

Whats plasmolysis

Answer 29

cytoplasm shrinks

Question 30

Dynamic equilibrium

Answer 30

The concentration inside the cell is the same as outside the cell

Question 31

During what does dynamic equilibrium happen,

Answer 31

passive transport

Question 32

Whats active transport

Answer 32

In order to move materials through the membrane against their concentration gradient (from low to high), the cell must use energy. (The movement of molecules against their concentration gradient)

Question 33

Whats a protein pump used in/for

Answer 33

active transport, A protein pump is used to pump molecules across the membrane against their concentration gradient.

Question 34

In active transport molecules move from ____ to ____

Answer 34

low to high

Question 35

In active transport movement is facilitated by ____

Answer 35

specific carrier protiens

Question 36

Whats bulk transport

Answer 36

To move large materials into or out of the cell, cells use bulk transport. In this method, cells surround materials with the membrane and form capsules called vesicles.

Question 37

Whats endocytosis

Answer 37

the membrane pinches in to take particles into the cell

Question 38

Whats exctosytosis

Answer 38

particles surrounded by membrane are moved out of the cell