Cell division (meiosis)

Question 1

2 goals of meiosis

Answer 1

1. Make cells for sexual reproduction
2. Create genetic variation

Question 2

What happens in fertilization

Answer 2

egg and sperm come together to make a zygote (a fertilized egg)

Question 3

What are gametes

Answer 3

Sex cells, Sperm and eggs

Question 4

Whats a zygote

Answer 4

a fertilized egg

Question 5

How do you get genetic variation

Answer 5

mix up moms and dads genes

Question 6

How many rounds of PMAT does meiosis go through

Answer 6

2

Question 7

When are chromosomes duplicated (before or after meiosis)

Answer 7

Before

Question 8

Whats meiosis l

Answer 8

homologs are seprated

Question 9

Meiosis ll

Answer 9

Sister chromatids are separated

Question 10

What is maternal chromosome

Answer 10

Moms chromosome in offspring

Question 11

Whats paternal chromosome

Answer 11

Dads chromosome in offspring

Question 12

Are body cells diploid or haploid

Answer 12

Diploid

Question 13

Whats diploid

Answer 13

2 copies of each chromosome

Question 14

How many pairs of homologous chromosomes do we have.

Answer 14

23

Question 15

How many chromosomes do you get from mom vs dad

Answer 15

Each pair has 1 from each

Question 16

What are gametes

Answer 16

sex cells

Question 17

Ploidy is —-

Answer 17

the number of complete sets of chromosomes

Question 18

How many different types of chromosomes do humans have

Answer 18

23

Question 19

Sperm and egg are (diploid or haploid) cells

Answer 19

haploid

Question 20

Whats haploid

Answer 20

there is only one of each type (not repeated)

Question 21

Does more chromosomes mean smarter

Answer 21

No

Question 22

Whats a Karyotype

Answer 22

used to detect chromosomal genetic disorders, which occur when a non- dis-junction occurs

Question 23

What chromosome numbers are autosomes

Answer 23

1-22

Question 24

What number chromsome is the sex chromosome

Answer 24

23

Question 25

XX is

Answer 25

Female

Question 26

XY is

Answer 26

male

Question 27

Whats a non disjunction

Answer 27

chromosomes dont separate correctly in meiosis

Question 28

Whats monosomy

Answer 28

only one copy of each chromosome

Question 29

Trisomy

Answer 29

three copies of each chromosome

Question 30

Whats crossing over

Answer 30

Homologous chromosomes switch genes during the first prophase This produces unique chromosomes.

Question 31

Whats independent assortment

Answer 31

Chromosomes can line up in various ways during metaphase so an individual can produce many combinations of homologous chromosomes

Question 32

Oogenesis

Answer 32

production of eggs or ova, makes 1 functional egg and 3 polar bodies (non-functional)

Question 33

Spermatogenesis

Answer 33

production of sperm, creates 4 functional sperm

Question 34

One advantage of meiosis

Answer 34

new gene combos and genetic variation which helps with natural selection

Question 35

During the G1 phase of the cell cycle what happens

Answer 35

The cell grows

Question 36

What is the name of the proteins that help chromatin coil up into chromosomes?

Answer 36

Histones

Question 37

Somatic cells are also known as

Answer 37

Body cells

Question 38

Due to nonfunction gametes could loose or gain genes/chromosomes?

Answer 38

Both

Question 39

Independent assortment refers to

Answer 39

The way chromosomes line up in meiosis l