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Sociology > Ch 1 Sec 1&2 > Flashcards

Ch 1 Sec 1&2 Flashcards

(50 cards)

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1
Q

Sociology

A

Scientific study of “social structure”

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2
Q

Sociology perspective

A

Never focuses on the individual the view is always at the social, or group, level

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3
Q

Social structure

A

The pattern of interactions of people in social relationships

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4
Q

Sociological imagination

A

The ability of individuals to see the relationships between events in their personal lives and events in their society

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5
Q

Perspective

A

A particular point of view

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6
Q

Auguste Comte

A

First used “sociology” in 1824
Father of sociology
French philosopher
Main concern to Improve society

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7
Q

What question sociologist always ask?

A

Why do people behave/act the way they do?

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8
Q

Sociologist study….

A 
Belief system
Values system
Societal and group rules
Ways of organizing families
Educational systems
Religions
Political systems/election trends
Economic systems
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9
Q

Why study patterns of human behavior?

A

Bc we see outside events in our lives as intensely personal (ie marriage of William and Kate)

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10
Q

Why do sociologists study events and look for the things outside the individual that influence behavior?

A

Person relationships like marriage they study do figure out “what social influences make it difficult for couples stay together”

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11
Q

Social facts

A

Any social activity or situation that can be observed or measured (ie patters in religious affiliation)

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12
Q

American sociologist who said “you will enrich your life when you come to possess “sociological imagination”

A

C. Write mills

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13
Q

Society

A

An organized group of people in which there are “social experiences”

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14
Q

Social experience

A

A relationship; a give and take between 2 or more people; involves everything from a handshake to the election of a president

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15
Q

Interact

A

Direct behavior toward one another (ie parents/children)

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16
Q

Why are cultural expectations and social structures important?

A

Because they regulate individual and group behavior do that people can act together to achieve common goals

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17
Q

Why do people behave the way they do?

A

Environment/social situation most of the time

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18
Q

Why is all behavior social in some respect?

A

Because it’s influenced by other people

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19
Q

Physical setting vs social setting

A

Physical: elevator
Social: alone and someone enters the elevator

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20
Q

Behavior will change when?

A

According to injection of a stranger into a situation

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21
Q

2 types of sociological analysis

Study These Flashcards
A
  • micro sociology

- macro sociology

22
Q

Micro sociology

Study These Flashcards
A
  • why one person is unemployed (lack of skill or experience)
  • unhappy married couple
  • focuses on immediate, personal matters and relationships
  • focuses on personal issues that effect individuals
23
Q

Macro sociology

Study These Flashcards
A
  • 40% unemployment rate in AA makes (18-27)
  • 50% divorce rate in the U.S.
  • focuses on social problems that go beyond the failings of individuals
  • Focuses on broad social issues and structural patterns that effect groups
24
Q

Subjective meaning

Study These Flashcards
A

The meaning/reason behind the action/behavior

so why it’s done

25
Subjective meaning example: | You see two people shaking hands
Why are they shaking hands? | -friendly/formality/aggression
26
Verstehen
True understanding | Can only be achieved when we understand our behavior and how our behavior influences others
27
Positivism
Scientific observation for sociology
28
Social statics
Study of social stability
29
Social dynamics
Study of social change
30
Harriet Martineau
Englishwoman Translated comte's book Introduced feminism Compared slaves and women
31
Herbert spencer
English Compared society to the human body (Society is composed of parts working together to promote its wellbeing and survival) Society's have economies, religions, governments, families. Religious and educational institutions are crucial to society Social Darwinism: evolutionary social change led to progression. Natural social selection led to survival of strongest society's. Poor stay poor rich stay rich outside people/government shouldn't help
32
Karl Marx
German scholar Didn't consider himself a sociologist Wanted sociologist to change the world not just study it Identified social classes
33
Bourgeoisie
Owned the means for producing wealth in industrial society. (Ie factories and equipment)
34
Capitalist
Had the means for producing wealth. (Bourgeoisie)
35
Proletariat
Work for the bourgeoisie | Paid just enough to stay alive
36
Emile Durkheim
Son of French rabbi Believed society existed bc of wide consensus Ground breaking research on suicide Showed that human social behavior must be explained by social factors rather than psychological ones
37
Max Webber
``` Son of German lawyer and politician Mom was Calvinist Suffered mental breakdown Human beings act on the basis of their own understanding of a situation so sociologist must discover the personal meanings, values, beliefs, attitudes, underlying human social behavior Believed in empathy ```
38
Rationalism
The mindset that emphasizes use or knowledge, reason, and planning.
39
Verstehen
Understanding the social behaviors of others by putting yourself mentally in their place
40
Jane Adams
Early woman reformer Co-founded hull house for immigrants, sick, poor, old Focused on problems caused by the imbalance of power in social classes Only sociologist to receive Nobel peace prize Considered social Worker not sociologist bc she was a woman and didn't teach at a university and bc worked w poor
41
W.e.b. DuBois
Black man who attacked the "negro problem" not only in U.S. But everywhere Studies social structures or blacks to show they weren't all stupid
42
Erving Goffman
Said that the physical setting (elevator) remains the same but the social setting changes by the appearance of strangers
43
Social situation
Situation where people interact
44
Social structure
Relatively predictable and continuing patterns of these relationships and interactions
45
Erving Goffman
The physical setting remains the same but the social setting changes w the appearance of strangers
46
Civil inattention
Civilly ignoring them lol
47
Sociology
Th systematic study of social behavior in human and group Patterson
48
Behavior of one person....
Effects the group
49
Why study patterns of human behavior?
Study events and loom for the things outside that influence behavior(what sociological influences make it hard for couples to stay together)
50
What is social setting and how does it change ur behavior?
Who you're around i.e. Act different at school than at home

Sociology (11 decks)

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