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medical term > ch 10 musalketal part 2 > Flashcards

ch 10 musalketal part 2 Flashcards

(54 cards)

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1
Q

anklyosis

A

stiffening and immobility of a joint as a result of disease, trauma, surgery, or abnormal fusion

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2
Q

bunion (hallux valgus)

A

deformity characterized by lateral deviation of the great toe as it turns in toward the second toe (angulation) which may cause the tissue surrounding the joint to become swollen and tender

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3
Q

carpal tunnel syndrome

A

painful condition resulting from compression of the median nerve within the carpal tunnel (wrist canal through which the flexor tendons and the median nerve pass)

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4
Q

claudication

A

lameness, limping

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5
Q

cotracture

A

fibrosis of connective tissue in the skin, fascia, muscle, or joint capsule that prevents normal mobility of the related tissue or joint

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6
Q

crepitation

A

dry, grating sound or sensation caused by bone ends rubbing together, indicating a fracture or joint destruction

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7
Q

exacerbation

A

increase in severity of a disease or any of its symptoms; also called flare

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8
Q

ganglion cyst

A

fluid-filled tumor that most commonly develops along the tendons of the wrists or joints, but may also appear in the feet

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9
Q

hemarthrosis

A

effusion of blood into a joint cavity

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10
Q

herniated disk

A

rupture of vertebral disk’s center (nucleus pulposus) through its outer edge and back towards the spinal canal with pressure on the adjacent spinal nerve that results in pain, numbness, or weakness in one or both legs

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11
Q

hypotonia

A

loss of muscular tone or a diminished resistance to passive stretching

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12
Q

multiple myeloma

A

malignant tumor of plasma cells (cells that help the body fight infection by producing antibodies) in the bone marrow

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13
Q

phantom limb

A

perceived sensation, following amputation of a limb, that the limb still exists

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14
Q

rickets

A

form of osteomalacia in children caused by vitamin D deficiency; also called rachitis

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15
Q

sequestrum

A

fragment of necrosed bone that has become separated from surrounding tissue

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16
Q

spondylolisthesis

A

any slipping (subluxation) of a vertebra from its normal position in relationship to the one beneath it

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17
Q

spondylosis

A

degeneration of the cervical, thoracic, and lumbar vertebrae and related tissues

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18
Q

sprain

A

tearing of ligament tissue that may be slight , moderate, or complete

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19
Q

strain

A

muscular trauma caused by violent contraction or an excessive forcible stretch

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20
Q

subluxation

A

partial or incomplete dislocation

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21
Q

talipes equinovarus

A

congenital deformity of one or both feet in which the foot is pulled downward and laterally to the side; also called clubfoot

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22
Q

electromyography

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A

use of electrical stimulation to diagnose the health of muscle and the nerve cells that control them (motor neurons)

23
Q

reduction

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A

procedure that restores a bone to its normal position

24
Q

closed

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A

reduction in which fractured bones are realigned by manipulation rather than surgery

25
open
reduction in which fractured bones are placed in their proper position during surgery
26
bone immobilization
procedures used to restrict movement, stabilize and protect a fracture, and facilitate the healing process
27
casting
bone immobilization by application of a solid, stiff dressing formed with plaster of paris or similar material
28
splinting
bone immobilization by application of an orthopedic device to the injured body part
29
traction
bone immobilization by application of weights and pulleys to align or immobilize a fracture
30
amputation
partial or complete removal of an extremity due to trauma or a circulatory disease
31
arthrocentesis
puncture of a joint space using a needle to remove accumulated fluid
32
arthroclasia
surgical breaking of an ankylosed joint to provide movement
33
arthroscopy
visual examination of the interior of a joint and its structure using a thin, flexible fiberoptic scope, called an arthroscope that contains a magnifying lens, fiberoptic light, and miniature camera that projects images on monitor
34
bone grafting
implantation or transplantation of bone tissue from another part of the body or from another person to serve as replacement for damaged or missing bone tissue
35
bursectomy
excision of bursa (padlike sac or cavity found in connective tissue, usually in the vicinity of joints)
36
laminectomy
excision of the posterior arch of a vertebra
37
prosthesis fitting
replacement of a missing part by artificial substitute, such as an artificial extremity
38
revision surgery
surgery repeated to correct problems of a previously unsuccessful surgery or to replace a worn-out prosthesis
39
bone
revision surgery to correct misalignment of bones, broken prostheses, and bone fractures occurring around the prostheses
40
sequestrectomy
excision of a sequestrum (segment of necrosed bone)
41
synovectomy
excision of a synovial membrane
42
total hip replacement
surgical procedure to replace to replace a hip joint damaged by a degenerative disease, commonly arthritis
43
arthrography
series of radiographs taken after injection of contrast material into a joint cavity, especially the knee or shoulder, to outline the contour of the joint
44
bone density test (bone densitometry)
noninvasive procedure that uses low energy x-ray absorption to measure bone mineral density (BMD) and usually measures bone of the spine, hip, and forearm; also called dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DEXA)
45
discography
radiological examination of the intervertebral disk structures with injection of a contrast medium
46
lumbosacral spinal radiography
radiography of the five lumbar vertebrae and the fused sacral vertebrae, including anteroposterior, lateral, and oblique views of the lower spine
47
myelography
radiography of the spinal cord after injection of a contrast medium to identify and study spinal distortions caused by tumors, cysts, herniated intervertebral disks, or other lesions
48
bone
scintigraphy in which the radionuclide is injected intravenously and taken up into the bone
49
calcium supplements
treat and prevent hypocalcemia over-the-counter calcium supplements are numerous and are contained in many antacids as a secondary therapeutic effect . they are used to prevent osteoporosis when normal diet is lacking adequate amounts of calcium
50
gold salts
treat rheumatoid arthritis by inhibiting activity within the immune system gold salts contain actual gold in capsules or in solution for injection. this agent prevents furher disease progression but cannot reverse past damage
51
nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs)
decrease pain and suppress inflammation NSAIDs are used to treat acute musculoskeletal conditions, such as sprains and strains, and inflammatory disorders, including rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, bursitis, gout, and tendinitis
52
salicylates
relieve mild to moderate pain and reduce inflammation anti-inflammatory abilities and alleviate pain.aspirin is the oldest drug in this classification that is used to treat arthritis
53
muscle relaxants
relieve muscle spasm and stiffness muscle relaxants are also prescribed for muscle spasm due to multiple sclerosis, spinal cord injury, cerebral palsy, and stroke
54
Scintigraphy
Nuclear medicine procedure that visualizes varies tissues and organs after administration radionuclide

medical term (15 decks)

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