Ch. 13

Question 1

The making of holed in patient’s skulls in order to allow harmful spirits to escape the body. Early form of treatment.

Answer 1

Trephining

Question 2

Mass release of people in mental institutions. Intended to save money/benefit former inpatients. Not very successful

Answer 2

Deinstitutionalization

Question 3

If psychological problems can be treated proactively of before severity, the suffering of the client as well as cost of care can be reduced

Answer 3

Prevention

Question 4

A general term used to describe any kind of therapy that treats the mind and not the body

Answer 4

Psychotherapy

Question 5

Patient disagreeing with the therapist’s interpretation because of the painful process of recognizing repressed/troubling thoughts to try and protect themselves

Answer 5

Resistance

Question 6

When patients begin to have strong feelings toward their therapist

Answer 6

Transference

Question 7

Therapies that highlight the importance of the patients/clients gaining understanding of their problems

Answer 7

Insight therapies

Question 8

Focus on helping people to understand and accept themselves, and strive for self-actualization. Believe that people are innately good and possess free will.

Answer 8

Humanistic therapies

Question 9

Carl Rodgers. Therapeutic method of providing client with unconditional positive regard and active listening. Encouraging feelings, mirroring emotions, and encouraging them to take up action.

Answer 9

Client/person-centered therapies

Question 10

Technique which therapists seek to help client make own decisions, encourage self-talk, and clarify feelings.

Answer 10

Active or reflective listening

Question 11

Emphasize importance of whole. Encourages clients to integrate all actions, feeling, and thoughts into a harmonious whole

Answer 11

Gestalt therapies

Question 12

Humanistic therapies that focus on the client’s achievement of a subjectively meaningful perception of their lives

Answer 12

Existential therapies

Question 13

Believes behavior is learned and aims to counter condition it

Answer 13

Behaviorist therapies

Question 14

A type of classical conditioning in which an unpleasant conditioned response is replaced with a pleasant one

Answer 14

Counterconditioning

Question 15

The process involves teaching a client to replace feelings of anxiety with relaxation

Answer 15

Systematic desesenstization

Question 16

A rank-ordered list of what clients fear, starting with the least frightening to the most

Answer 16

Anxiety hierarchy

Question 17

Similar to systematic desensitization. Involves having the client address most frightening anxiety-inducing thing on the hierarchy

Answer 17

Flooding

Question 18

Involves parking a habit a person wishes to break with an unpleasant stimulus

Answer 18

Aversive conditioning

Question 19

Thinking method to attribute all failures to internal, global, and permanent aspects of themself

Answer 19

Attributional styyle

Question 20

Locate psychological problems in the way people think. Concentrate on changing unhealthy thought patterns

Answer 20

Cognitive therapy

Question 21

Combines the ideas/techniques of cognitive and behavioral psychologists

Answer 21

Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT)

Question 22

To expose/confront the dysfunctional thoughts of their clients, what clients think/do

Answer 22

Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy (REBT)

Question 23

Involves groups of people in addition to one on one client-therapist interactions

Answer 23

Group therapies

Question 24

Biomedical orientation see the cause of disorders as organic. Imbalances in hormone, structural brain anomalies, etc.

Answer 24

Somatic Therapies

Question 25

Most common type of somatic therapy, drug therapy

Answer 25

Psychopharmacology

Question 26

Medication that functions by blocking the receptor sites for dopamine, but may lead to tar dive dyskinesia. Treats schizophrenia.

Answer 26

Antipsychotic drugs

Question 27

Medication used to treat unipolar depression. Increases serotonin activity by blocking reuptake.

Answer 27

Antidepressants

Question 28

Drugs that act by depressing the activity of the central nervous system, relaxant.

Answer 28

Antianxiety drugs

Question 29

Electric current that passes through the brain’s 1-2 hemispheres. Used for severe depression, benefits induce brain change blood flow pattern, can cause memory loss.

Answer 29

Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT)

Question 30

Involves the purposeful destruction of the brain to alter a person’s behavior, ex: prefrontal lobotomy

Answer 30

Psychosurgery

Question 31

Medical doctors who are therefore the only therapists permitted to prescribe medication

Answer 31

Psychiatrists

Question 32

Therapists that deal with people who are suffering from problems more severe than everyday difficulties with work or families

Answer 32

Counseling psychologies

Question 33

People specifically trained in Freudian methods

Answer 33

Psycholanalysts