Ch. 9 Flashcards
Study of how out behaviors and thoughts change overtime over the course of our entire lives
Developmental psychologists
Genetic factors vs. environmental factors and how much in influences us
Nature v. Nurture
Uses participants of different age groups to compare certain variables. Quick; however, has confounding variables
Cross-sectional research
Examines one group of participants over time or during various intervals of their lives. Has precise measurements; however, long time
Longitudinal research
Certain chemicals/agents that can harm if ingested or contracted by mother during pregnancy
Teratogens
Children of alcoholic mothers who drink heavily during pregnancy
Fetal Alcohol Syndrome
Specific, inborn, automatic responses to certain stimuli such as rooting, sucking, grasping, moro, and babinski
Newborn reflexes
The reciprocal relationship between caregiver and child. Affects development.
Attachment
Psychologist who raised baby monkeys with wire/soft mothers to determine if food or comfort creates attachment. The takeaway was the physical contact fosters attachment
Harry Harlow
Psychologist who placed babies in a new environment and challenged the baby to respond to situations such as the parent leaving, a stranger entering, the stranger comforting baby and parent returning.
Mary Ainsworth’s Strange Situation
Babies would confidently explore area in new environment or strange situation. Cry upon caregiver leaving and be comforted upon return. Babies raised this way tend to be more emotionally stable in adulthood.
Secure attachments
Babies would explore environment in strange situation. Cry upon parents leaving and resist comfort when they return. Babies tend to be less stable when raised this way.
Insecure avoidant attachments
Babies would explore environment in strange situation reluctantly. They have extreme stress upon parent’s leave and resist comfort in defiance/anger upon return. Babies raised this way tend to trust less and feel insecure in adulthood.
Insecure anxious attachments
Parenting style in which strict standards for children’s behavior are set and punishments are applied for violations of these rules
Authoritarian Parents
Parenting style in which no clear guidelines are set and rules/punishments lack consistency
Permissive parents
Parenting style in which consistent standards are set for child’s behavior and punishments are applies; however, standards are reasonable and explained
Authoritative Parents