CH 14

Question 1

nervous system

Answer 1

contains all tissue types, but primarily nervous tissue-neurons and glial cells

Question 2

structural division

Answer 2

between central and peripheral nervous system

Question 3

functional division

Answer 3

between sensory and motor nervous system

Question 4

central nervous system (CNS)

Answer 4

-brain
-spinal cord

Question 5

Peripheral nervous system (PNS)

Answer 5

-cranial nerves
-spinal nerves
-and ganglia

Question 6

sensory and motor with both CNS and PNS have 3 general functions

Answer 6

-Collect information
-Process and evaluate information
-initiate response

Question 7

collect information

Answer 7

-Receptors in PNS detect changes in environment
-Pass information on to CNS

Question 8

Process and evaluate information

Answer 8

CNS determines required response

Question 9

Initiate response

Answer 9

-CNS initiates impulses (rapid movements of en electrical charge)
-PNS carries to effectors(cells receiving the impulse, such as muscle or glands) to react to changes in environment

Question 10

Sensory nervous system

Answer 10

receives sensory information from receptors in PNS and transmits it to CNS

Question 11

somatic sensory

Answer 11

general senses such as touch, pain, pressure, vibration, and proprioception

Question 12

visceral sensory

Answer 12

impulses from blood vessels and viscera

Question 13

motor nervous system

Answer 13

sends impulses from CNS through PNS to muscle and glands

Question 14

motor nervous system subdivided into 2 systems

Answer 14

-Somatic motor
-Autonomic moto

Question 15

somatic motor(somatic nervous system;SNS)

Answer 15

-voluntary
-conducts impulses that cause contraction of skeletal muscle

Question 16

Autonomic motor (autonomic nervous system;ANS)

Answer 16

-involuntary
-conducts impulses that regulate smooth and cardiac muscle, as well as glands

Question 17

2 types of cells within nervous system

Answer 17

-neurons
-glial cells

Question 18

neuron

Answer 18

electrically excitable cells that initiate, transmit, and receive impulses

Question 19

glial cell

Answer 19

non excitable cells that support and protect the neurons

Question 20

6 characteristics of neurons

Answer 20

-Excitable
-conductive
-secretory
-extremely long-lived
-amitotic
-highly metabolic

Question 21

excitable

Answer 21

respond to a stimulus

Question 22

conductive

Answer 22

propagate electrical signal

Question 23

secretory

Answer 23

release neurotransmitters

Question 24

extremely long-lived

Answer 24

formed during fetal development and may remain functional in very old age

Question 25

amitotic

Answer 25

most neurons lose the ability to form new cells through cell division

Question 26

highly metabolic

Answer 26

require abundant supplies of glucose and oxygen

Question 27

neuron cell body

Answer 27

-nucleus and nucleolus -mitochondria -chromatophilic substance: free ribosomes and rough endoplasmic reticulum

Question 28

dendrites

Answer 28

-short processes that branch from the cell body -dendrites receive signals and transfer them to the cell body

Question 29

axon

Answer 29

-transmits nerve impulses away from the cell body and toward other cells -neurons have either one axon emerging from soma or no axon at all

Question 31

anaxonic

Answer 31

neurons without an axon

Question 32

axon hillock

Answer 32

region where axon connects to cell body

Question 33

axon collaterals

Answer 33

side branches off the main axon

Question 34

terminal arbroization

Answer 34

fine extensions at the end of the axon and it's collaterals

Question 35

synaptic knobs

Answer 35

expanded regions at the tips of arborizations

Question 36

neurofilaments

Answer 36

intermediate filaments that form neurofibrils, which help support cell extensions (dendrites, axon)