Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Anatomy > CH 22 Heart > Flashcards

CH 22 Heart Flashcards

(69 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

Arteries

A

Carry blood away from the heart

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Vein

A

Carry blood back to the heart

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Capillaries

A

Serve as the sites of exchange (Between blood and aveoli, or between blood and systemic calls)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Veins and arteries entering/leaving the heart

A

Great vessel

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

heart valves

A

-Ensure blood flow is unidirectional
-side by side pump with same amount of blood

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Blood pressure

A

-formed through alternates cycles of contraction and relaxation
-The force of blood pushing against walls of blood vessels

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Pulmonary circulation

A

-Starts with right side of heart pumping deoxygenated blood through pulmonary arteries to capillaries in lungs
-After oxygen pickup and carbon dioxide release, pulmonary veins carry blood to left side of heart

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Systemic circulation

A

-Left side of the heart pumps oxygenated blood through systemic arteries to systemic capillaries
-Nutrients, respiratory gases, and wastes are exchanged, and systemic veins carry the blood back to the right side of the heart

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Position of the heart

A

-Located slightly left of midline, deep to the sternum, in space called the mediastinum
-Heart slightly rotated

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Right border

A

Located more anteriorly

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Left Border

A

Located more posteriorly

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Base of heart

A

its posterosuperior surface-mainly left atrium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

superior border

A

-heart is formed by the great arterial vessels and the superior vena cava

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

apex

A

-inferior conical end

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Inferior border

A

formed by the right ventricle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Pericardium

A

-Heart within a tough sac
-Restricts heart movements so that it moves only slightly within the thorax; prevents heart from overfilling with blood

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Fibrous pericardium

A

Tough outer sac

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Serous pericardium

A

Composed of parietal and visceral layers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Pericardial cavity

A

Thin potential space between layers of serous pericardium containing serous fluid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

3 layers in heart wall

A

-Epicardium
-Myocardium
-Endocardium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Epicardium

A

Visceral layer of serous pericardium and areolar connective tissue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Myocardium

A

cardiac muscle; thickest of the three layers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Endocardium

A

Internal surface of heart chambers; simple squamous epithelium and areolar connective tissue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

4 hollow chambers

A

-Two superior, smaller atria and two inferior, larger ventricles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Auricle
-Anterior part of each atrium forms a flaplike extension
26
Pulmonary circulation
-Blood passes from right atrium to right ventricle, pulmonary trunk
27
Systemic Circulation
-Blood passes from left atrium to left ventricle, aorta
28
Coronary Sulcus
-Groove separating atria and ventricle
29
Anterior/sulcus interventricular
-Located between the ventricles
30
2 atrioventricular (AV) valve
-Their closure causes the first heart sound "Lubb"
31
2 similar valves
-base of great arteries -Their closure causes the second heart sound "Dupp"
32
right atrium
-Receives venous blood from heart and systemic circulation through the superior vein cava, inferior vena cava and coronary sinus
33
Interatrial septum
-Divides right from left; fossa ovals present in interatrial septum
34
Pectinate muscle
Ridges on internal surface of atrial wall
35
Right atrioventricular valve (tricuspid valve)
-Ensures one-way blood flow from right atrium to right ventricle through right atrioventricular opening
36
Right ventricle
-receives deoxygenated blood from right atrium
37
interventricular septum
-thick wall between right and left ventricles
38
trabeculae carneae
inner wall of each ventricle displays irregular muscular ridge
39
Papillary muscle
-Cone-shaped muscle projections anchoring chordae tendineae
40
Chordeae Tendineae
-Attach muscle to atrioventricular valve and prevent cusps from flipping into atrium when ventricle contracts
41
Septomarginal Trabecula
-Connects anterior papillary muscle of right end of right ventricle to atrioventricular septum
42
Conus arteriosus
-Smooth funnel-shaped region at superior and of right ventricle leading to pulmonary semilunar valve
43
Semilunar valve
-Semilunar valve ensures one-way floe from ventricle to pulmonary trunk -pulmonary trunk divides into rich and left pulmonary arteries
44
left atrium
-Oxygenated blood from the lungs travels through the pulmonary veins to the left atrium
45
left atrioventricular valve
-Controls flow through opening between left atrium and ventricle (the left atrioventricular opening) *Bicuspid valve -Valve is forced shut when the left ventricle contracts
46
Left ventricle
-Pump blood through entire systemic circulation -Generates very high pressure
47
Aortic semilunar valve
-Controls flow from left ventricle to aorta; located at superior end of left ventricle -Wall of left ventricle is about three times thicker than right ventricle -Must generate enough pressure to force blood through entire systemic circulation -Right ventricle only needs to pump blood to the nearby lungs
48
right and left coronary arteries
-travel within coronary sulcus and supply heart wall with oxygen and nutrients -Branch off ascending aorta just superior to aortic valve
49
Right coronary branches
-Right marginal artery: supplies right border of heart -Inferior interventricular artery: supplies posterior surfaces of the left and right ventricles
50
Left coronary artery branches
-Anterior interventricular artery: also called left anterior descending artery; supplies anterior surface of both ventricles and most of the interventricular septum -Circumflex artery: supplies the left atrium and ventricle
51
3 major cardiac veins
-Drain into right atrium *Great cardiac vein *Middle cardiac vein *Small cardiac vein
52
Great cardiac vein
-runs alongside anterior inter ventricular artery
53
Middle cardiac vein
-Runs alongside inferior inter ventricular artery
54
Small cardiac vein
-Travels close to the right marginal artery
55
have effective pump
contraction of chambers needs to be coordinated
56
Coordination of heart
-Heart's conduction system
57
Cardiac muscle
striated with extensive capillary network (Similar to skeletal muscle)
58
difference from skeletal muscle
-Less SR quantity and organization -No terminal cisternae -Less contact between SR and T-tubules
59
cardiac muscle fibers
Contract. as a single unit because they are all connected with gap junction
60
Gap junction
parts of intercalated discs between adjacent fibers
61
Electrical impulse
Distributed immediately and spontaneously throughout the myocardium
62
Desmosomes
Within intercalated discs prevent cardiac muscle cells from pulling apart
63
Autorhythmicity
It initiates it's own heartbeats
64
Conducting system
consists of specialized cells that start and propagate electrical impulses to contractile cells
65
Electrical impulse begins
Sinuatrial (SA) node (heart's pacemaker) *SA node is located on posterior wall of right atrium adjacent to the opening of the superior vena cava
66
Electrical impulse to left atrium
-Travels via gap junctions -Atrioventricular (AV) node on the floor of right atrium *Impulse is paused at AV node delaying activation of ventricles as they fill the blood
67
Cardiac cycle
-Time from the start of one heartbeat to the start of the next -Both contraction and relaxation
68
Systole
-Contraction of chambers
69
Diastole
-Relaxation of a chamber

Anatomy (11 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions