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Anatomy And Phys 1 > Ch 15 (Exam 3) > Flashcards

Ch 15 (Exam 3) Flashcards

1
Q

includes sensory and motor neurons. Sensory neurons are related to touch, pain, temperature, and proprioception (sense of self position), sight, hearing, taste, smell and equilibrium. Motor neurons innervate skeletal muscles.

A

The somatic nervous system

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2
Q

receives input from sensory receptors located in organs, blood vessels, muscles and the nervous system. Motor neurons innervate smooth muscle and cardiac muscle.

A

The autonomic nervous system

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3
Q

of spinal nerves NOT just autonomic ganglia – have cell bodies of sensory

A

Dorsal ganglia

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4
Q

Is on either side of the vertebral column
• Postsynaptic ganglia

A

Sympathetic chain (trunk) ganglion (or
paravertebral)

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5
Q

in front of the spinal column or close to large arteries in the abdomen – sympathetic

A

Collateral or prevertebral ganglion

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6
Q

near the effector or in walls of the effector – parasympathetic – reason hy parasympathetic has longer preganglionic fibers

A

Terminal ganglion or intramural ganglion

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7
Q

has its cell body in the central nervous
system and the axon extends to an autonomic ganglion.
• (myelinated)– first order

A

A preganglionic neuron

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8
Q

has its unmyelinated axon extending from the ganglion to the effector
• (unmyelinated) second order

A

A postganglionic neuron

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9
Q

Fight or flight

A

Sympathetic

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10
Q

Rest and digest

A

Parasympathetic

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11
Q

most organs receive stimuli from BOTH of these divisions. (Parasympathetic and sympathetic divisions)

A

Dual innervation

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12
Q

Pupil constriction

A

Parasympathetic

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13
Q

Pupil dilate

A

Sympathetic

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14
Q

slow heartbeat

A

Parasympathetic

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15
Q

Increased heartbeat

A

Sympathetic

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16
Q

Airways: constricts the bronchial tubules

A

Parasympathetic

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17
Q

Airways: dilates the bronchial tubules

A

Sympathetic

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18
Q

Liver: stimulates bile response

A

Parasympathetic

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19
Q

Liver: increase the rate of glycogen to glucose

A

Sympathetic

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20
Q

Sweat glands: stimulates secretion

A

Sympathetic

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21
Q

Blood vessels constriction

A

Parasympathetic

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22
Q

Digestive system: stimulates activity

A

Parasympathetic

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23
Q

Digestive system: decrease activity

A

Sympathetic

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24
Q

Adrenal glands: stimulates the production of adrenaline

A

Sympathetic

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25
Q

Uterus relaxation

A

Parasympathetic

26
Q

Uterus vaginal contraction

A

Sympathetic

27
Q

Urinary system: increase the urinary output

A

Parasympathetic

28
Q

Urinary system: relaxes bladder

A

Sympathetic

29
Q

The nerves are craniosacral in the

A

Parasympathetic system

30
Q

The the nerves are thoracolumbar in

A

Sympathetic system

31
Q

Preganglionic neurons are shorter or longer than postganglionic in parasympathetic

A

Longer

32
Q

Preganglionic neurons are shorter or longer than postganglionic in sympathetic

A

Shorter

33
Q

release acetylcholine as their
neurotransmitter

A

Cholinergic neurons

34
Q

____ neurons of both parasympathetic and sympathetic

A

Preganglionic

35
Q

neurons of sympathetic that specifically innervate sweat glands

A

Postganglionic

36
Q

What activates sweat glands

A

Acetylcholine

37
Q

What receptors bing to acetylcholine

A

Cholinergic

38
Q

bind acetylcholine released from preganglionic neurons in both sympathetic and parasympathetic

A

Nicotinic receptors

39
Q

bind acetylcholine released from postganglionic neurons in parasympathetic effectors and sympathetic effector sweat glands

A

Muscarinic receptors

40
Q

postganglionic neurons in the sympathetic nervous system that release epinephrine and norepinephrine

A

Adrenergic neurons

41
Q

bind epinephrine and norepinephrine in sympathetic effectors

A

Adrenergic receptors

42
Q

two connections between spinal nerve ad ganglion of sympathetic trunk

A

Rami

43
Q

myelinated axon of preganglionic neurons

A

White ramus

44
Q

unmyelinated axons of postganglionic fibers

A

Grey ramus

45
Q

What neurons secrete acetylcholine as their neurotransmitter and are thus called cholinergic neurons
(Sympathetic)

A

Preganglionic

46
Q

Cholinergic neurons Can stimulate postsynaptic neurons by binding to
(Sympathetic)

A

Nicotinic receptors

47
Q

What neurons secrete epinephrine or
norepinephrine as their neurotransmitter and stimulate adrenergic receptors
(Sympathetic)

A

Post ganglionic neurons

48
Q

What interacts with alpha and beta receptors on sympathetic effectors
(Sympathetic)

A

Norepinephrine

49
Q

Noradrenalin is broken down by ____ and_____ – effects last longer
than parasympathetic
(Sympathetic)

A

catechol-o-methyltransferase
(COMT) and monoamine oxidase (MOA)

50
Q

In the______ division, cell bodies of the_______ neurons are in the nuclei of four cranial nerves (III, VII, IX and X) in the brain stem and in the lateral gray matter of sacral segments 2–4 of the spinal cord =_______

A

parasympathetic and preganglionic. craniosacral

51
Q

SLUDD

A

salivation, lacrimation, urination,
digestion, defecation

52
Q

What cranial nerve does a lot in the parasympathetic division? 

A

Vagus nerve X

53
Q

_____neurons in the
parasympathetic nervous system
secrete acetylcholine and are
cholinergic neurons that stimulate
nicotinic receptors on postganglionic
neurons

A

Preganglionic

54
Q

neurons also secrete
acetylcholine making them
cholinergic neurons
(Parasympathetic)

A

Postganglionic neurons

55
Q

This acetylcholine contracts_____ on effector organs
(Parasympathetic)

A

muscarinic receptors

56
Q

o Exaggerated response of the sympathetic nervous system occurring in 85% of individuals with spinal cord injury at or above T6.
o If untreated, can cause seizures, stroke or heart attack.

A

Autonomic Dysreflexia

57
Q

o Occurs due to excessive sympathetic stimulation of smooth muscle in arterioles of digits.
o Vasoconstriction leads to numbness and ischemia in digits.

A

Raynaud phenomenon

58
Q

The inner ____ produces catecholamines (epinephrine and norepinephrine)

A

Adrenal medulla

59
Q

The adrenal gland is only in parasympathetic or sympathetic

A

Sympathetic

60
Q

Adrenalin and noradrenalin bind to_____&______ of autonomic receptors to elicit sympathetic effects

A

alpha and beta adrenergic receptors

Anatomy And Phys 1 (39 decks)

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