Exm 2 (ch 7&8)

Question 1

(80 bones) - skull bones, auditory ossicles, hyoid
bone, ribs, sternum, vertebrae and sacrum

Answer 1

Axial skeleton

Question 2

(126 bones) - bones of the upper and lower
extremities and the bones forming the girdles that connect the limbs to the axial skeleton

Answer 2

Appendicular skeleton

Question 3

(greater length than width): diaphysis and epiphysis and
curved for strength. Ex: femur, humerus

Answer 3

Long bones

Question 4

(cube shaped): spongy bone with thin layer of compact
bone. Equal in width as length. Ex: bones in wrist

Answer 4

Short bones

Question 5

(thin layers of parallel plates): Ex = sternum, skull, ribs

Answer 5

Flat bones

Question 6

(complex shapes): ex = vertebrae

Answer 6

Irregular bones

Question 7

: usually encased in a
tendon where this is considerable friction, tension, and physical strain. Ex: patella

Answer 7

Sesamoid bone

Question 8

(Location) are small, extra bone
plates located within the sutures of cranial bones. Mostly only in back of head

Answer 8

Sutural bones

Question 9

(Location) Are the jointed areas where a flat bones come together

Answer 9

Sutures

Question 10

There are two major types of surface markings:

Answer 10

1. Depression and openings. 2. processes

Question 11

Fissure, foremen, fossa, sulcus, meatus

Answer 11

Depressions and openings: Sites allowing the passage of soft tissues (nerves, blood vessels, ligaments, tendons) or formation of joints

Question 12

Narrow slit between adjacent parts of a bone through which blood vessels or nerves pass

Answer 12

Fissure

Question 13

Opening through which blood vessels, nerves, or ligaments pass. Tiny hole.

Answer 13

Foramen

Question 14

Shallow depression

Answer 14

Fossa

Question 15

Furrow along bone surface, that accommodates blood vessel, nerve, or tendon. A little depression

Answer 15

Sulcus

Question 16

Tubelike opening

Answer 16

Meatus

Question 17

Depression and openings mnemonic:

Answer 17

Suck (sulcus), My (meatus), F-ing (fissure), Fat (foramen), Foot (fossa)

Question 18

Condyle, facet, head, crest, epicondyle, line, spinous process, trochanter, tubercle, tuberosity

Answer 18

Processes: Projections or outgrowths on bone that form joints or attachment points for connective tissue, such as ligaments tendons

Question 19

Large, round protuberance with a smooth articular surface at end of bone

Answer 19

Condyle

Question 20

Smooth, flat, slightly concave, or convex articular surface

Answer 20

Facet

Question 21

Usually rounded articular projection supported on neck (constricted portion) of bone

Answer 21

Head

Question 22

Prominent ridge or elongated projection

Answer 22

Crest

Question 23

Typically roughened projection above condyle

Answer 23

Epicondyle

Question 24

Long, narrow ridge or border (less prominent than crest)

Answer 24

Line

Question 25

Sharp, slender projection

Answer 25

Spinous process

Question 26

Very large projection

Answer 26

Trochanter

Question 27

Variable sized rounded projection

Answer 27

Tubercle

Question 28

Variably size projection, that has rough, bumpy surface

Answer 28

Tuberosity

Question 29

Processes mnemonic:

Answer 29

Could (condyle), Cadet (crest), Himari (head), Seriously (spinous process), Let (line), Eren (epicondyle), Tarnish (trochanter), Their (tubercle), Future (facet), Together (tuberosity)

Question 30

Densest bone in the human body

Answer 30

petrous portion of the Temporal bone

Question 31

The _______ of the sphenoid bone houses the pituitary gland.

Answer 31

Sella turcica

Question 32

The _______ of the ethmoid bone has tine holes in it that houses branches of the olfactory nerves

Answer 32

Cribiform plate

Question 33

mucous membrane- lined cavities in the frontal, maxillary, sphenoid and ethmoid bones • Used as resonating chambers to enhance the voice • Increase the surface area of the nasal mucosa and help to moisten it as well

Answer 33

Paranasal sinuses

Question 34

areas of a fetus/baby where unossified mesenchyme develops into dense connective tissue • They close up through intramembranous ossification by 2 years of age

Answer 34

Fontanels

Question 35

Number of cervical vertebra

Answer 35

7

Question 36

Number of thoracic vertebra

Answer 36

12

Question 37

Number of lumbar vertebra

Answer 37

5

Question 38

Number of sacrum vertebra

Answer 38

1

Question 39

Number of coccyx vertebra

Answer 39

1 or 2

Question 40

lateral curves to the spine

Answer 40

Scoliosis

Question 41

excessive thoracic curvature

Answer 41

Kyphosis

Question 42

lumbar curvature in excess

Answer 42

Lordosis

Question 43

Located between the bodies of the vertebrae from the second cervical to the sacrum. Composed of fibrocartilage

Answer 43

Intervertebral discs

Question 44

first cervical vertebra

Answer 44

Atlas

Question 45

second cervical vertebra, has a dens/odontoid process

Answer 45

Axis

Question 46

True ribs

Answer 46

1-7

Question 47

False ribs

Answer 47

8-12

Question 48

Floating ribs

Answer 48

11 & 12

Question 49

sternums three segments from top to bottom

Answer 49

1. Upper manibrum 2. Middle body 3. Lower xiphoid process

Question 50

is a congenital defect of the vertebral column where the laminae do not develop normally

Answer 50

Spina bifida

Question 51

What is in the appendicular skeleton?

Answer 51

Pectoral girdle’s, upper limbs, pelvic girdle, lower limbs

Question 52

What is in the pectoral girdle?

Answer 52

Clavicle and scapula

Question 53

Glenoid cavity

Answer 53

On the scapula where the humerus is attached

Question 54

Number of fused sacrum vertebrae

Answer 54

5