Ch 19 Larynx

Question 1

The _ is a cartilaginous organ found at the superior end of the trachea.

Answer 1

Larynx

Question 2

3 main functions of the larynx:

Answer 2

-valve to guard air passages (mainly during swallowing)
-maintain open air passage
-vocalization

Question 3

4 main types of cartilage making up the larynx:

Answer 3

-thyroid cartilage
-cricoid cartilage
-arytenoid cartilage
-epiglottic cartilage

Question 4

The largest cartilage of the larynx is:

Answer 4

thyroid cartilage

Question 5

The thyroid cartilage is made of 2 flat plates called _ that fuse _ and diverge _.

Answer 5

laminae, fuse anteriorly, diverge posteriorly

Question 5

The anterior fused segment of the thyroid cartilage is called the _ _ .

Answer 5

laryngeal prominence

Question 6

The laryngeal prominence is AKA

Answer 6

Adam’s Apple

Question 7

The superior border of the thyroid cartilage forms the _ _ _ which is palpable

Answer 7

superior thyroid notch

Question 8

The superior _ of the thyroid cartilage attaches via ligaments of the _ bone

Answer 8

horn, hyoid

Question 9

The inferior _ of the thyroid cartilage articulates with the _ cartilage

Answer 9

horn, cricoid

Question 10

The lateral surface of the thyroid cartilage is crossed by a/an _ _ to which the strap muscles attach

Answer 10

oblique line

Question 11

The cricoid cartilage forms a _ _

Answer 11

complete ring

Question 12

The posterior part of the cricoid cartilage is in the form of a _ _, the lamina.

Answer 12

flat plate

Question 13

The anterior part of the cricoid cartilage is narrow, called the _ and is found at the level of _.

Answer 13

arch, CV6

Question 14

The upper border of the cricoid cartilage articulates with the _ cartilages

Answer 14

arytenoid cartilages

Question 15

The lower border of the cricoid cartilage is connected to the 1st ring of the _ via the _ ligament.

Answer 15

trachea, cricotracheal

Question 16

The _ cartilages are a pair of cartilages found at the upper border of the lamina of the cricoid cartilage.

Answer 16

Arytenoid

Question 17

Each arytenoid cartilage is _ in shape and has an _ above and a _ below.

Answer 17

pyramidal, apex, base

Question 18

The arytenoid cartilages of the larynx have 2 processes:

Answer 18

-vocal processes
-muscular processes

Question 19

The vocal processes of the arytenoid cartilages extend _ from the base and serves as attachment of the _ ligament.

Answer 19

forward, vocal ligament

Question 20

The muscular processes of the arytenoid cartilages extend _ from the base and serves as attachment of the muscles of the _.

Answer 20

laterally, larynx

Question 21

The _ cartilage is leaf shaped and extends _ and _ from the thyroid cartilage

Answer 21

epiglottic, superiorly and posteriorly

Question 22

The upper end of the epiglottic cartilage is _ and its lower end is _.

Answer 22

broad, narrow

Question 23

The lower end of the epiglottic cartilage forms the _ AKA _ that attaches to the _ cartilage

Answer 23

stalk AKA petiolus, thyroid

Question 24

The epiglottic cartilage functions by _ and _ the _ cavity during swallowing.

Answer 24

lifting and closing, laryngeal

Question 25

2 smaller kinds of cartilage part of the larynx include:

Answer 25

-cuneiform cartilage -corniculate cartilage

Question 26

The corniculate cartilage of the larynx are set upon the apices of the _ cartilages.

Answer 26

arytenoid

Question 27

The cuneiform cartilages are found within the fold of mucous membrane between the _ and _ cartilages and these folds are called the _ folds

Answer 27

arytenoid and epiglottic cartilages, aryepiglottic folds

Question 28

The extrinsic muscles of the larynx include _ and _.

Answer 28

elevators and depressors

Question 29

The extrinsic elevator muscles of the larynx include (4 items)

Answer 29

-thryohyoid -stylohyoid -mylohyoid -digastric

Question 30

The extrinsic depressor muscles of the larynx include (3 items )

Answer 30

-omohyoid -sternohyoid -sternothyroid

Question 31

The intrinsic muscles of the larynx include (6 items):

Answer 31

Please Leave Crying Vocalists Alone, Thanks -posterior cricoarytenoid -lateral cricoarytenoid -cricothyroid -vocalis -arytenoideus -thyroarytenoid

Question 32

The cricothyroid muscle extends from the _ of the cricoid cartilage to the _ of the thyroid cartilage and the _ horn of the thyroid cartilage

Answer 32

arch of cricoid, lamina of thyroid, inferior horn of thyroid cartilage

Question 33

The posterior cricoarytenoid muscle extends from the _ surface of the lamina of the cricoid to the _ _ of the arytenoid.

Answer 33

posterior, muscular process

Question 34

The lateral cricoarytenoid muscle courses from the _ of the cricoid to the _ _ of the arytenoid.

Answer 34

arch of cricoid, muscular process

Question 35

The arytenoideus muscle of the larynx connects the _ surfaces of the 2 arytenoids.

Answer 35

posterior

Question 36

The thyroarytenoid muscle extends from the _ surface of the lamina of the thyroid cartilage to the _ _ of the arytenoid.

Answer 36

medial, muscular process

Question 37

The vocalis muscle courses from the _ surface of the _ cartilage posteriorly to the _ _of the arytenoid cartilage.

Answer 37

internal, thyroid cartilage, vocal process

Question 38

The action of all of the intrinsic laryngeal muscles is _ of the vocal cords, except the _ _ which ABDUCTS the vocal cords

Answer 38

ADDUCTION, posterior cricoarytenoid

Question 39

All intrinsic larynx muscles are innervated by the _ _ nerve EXCEPT the cricothyroid muscle which is supplied by the _ _ nerve.

Answer 39

recurrent laryngeal nerve, superior laryngeal nerve

Question 40

The superior laryngeal nerve is a direct branch of the _nerve that divides into 2 branches and supplies the _.

Answer 40

vagus, larynx

Question 41

The external branch of the superior laryngeal nerve courses on the external surface of the larynx to innervate the _ _.

Answer 41

cricothyroid muscle

Question 42

The internal branch of the superior laryngeal nerve pierces the membrane between the _ bone and thyroid and innervates the mucous membrane lining the larynx _ the vocal cords with sensory nerves.

Answer 42

hyoid, above

Question 43

The recurrent laryngeal nerve is a direct branch of the vagus nerve and begins in the _.

Answer 43

thorax

Question 44

The right recurrent laryngeal nerve loops around the _ artery and the left loops around the _.

Answer 44

subclavian artery, aorta

Question 45

Both sides of the recurrent laryngeal nerve ascend to the larynx in the groove between the _ and _.

Answer 45

esophagus and trachea

Question 46

The recurrent laryngeal nerve supplies sensory innervation to the mucous membrane _ the vocal folds as well as a majority of _ muscles of the larynx

Answer 46

below, intrinsic

Question 47

Arterial supply for the larynx comes from 2 primary vessels:

Answer 47

-superior laryngeal artery -inferior laryngeal artery

Question 48

The superior laryngeal artery arises from the _ _ artery and the _ _ artery

Answer 48

superior thyroid artery and the external carotid artery

Question 49

The inferior laryngeal artery arises from the _ _ artery which arises from the thyrocervical trunk which arises from the _ artery

Answer 49

inferior thyroid artery, subclavian artery

Question 50

Cavity of larynx is divided in 3 parts:

Answer 50

-vestibule -ventricle -infraglottic cavity

Question 51

Each cavity of the larynx is separated by 2 horizontal folds of mucous membrane: the _ _ fold and the _ _ fold

Answer 51

false vocal fold, true vocal fold

Question 52

The vestibule of the larynx extends from the _ AKA inlet down to the _ _ vocal folds AKA vestibular folds

Answer 52

aditus AKA inlet, false vocal folds

Question 53

The aditus AKA _ is the opening into the larynx from the _.

Answer 53

inlet, laryngopharynx

Question 54

The aditus/inlet of the vestibule is bound anteriorly by the _ and on each side by the _ folds

Answer 54

epiglottis, arytepiglottic folds

Question 55

Closure of the inlet/aditus of the epiglottis protects the _ _ against the invasion of food and foreign bodies

Answer 55

respiratory passages

Question 56

The false vocal folds of the laryngeal vestibule extend from the _ cartilage in front to the _ cartilages behind

Answer 56

thyroid cartilage, arytenoid cartilages

Question 57

Each false vocal cord contains a ligament called the _ ligament

Answer 57

vestibular

Question 58

The _ _ _ are not involved in voice production, hence their name

Answer 58

false vocal folds

Question 59

Between each false vocal fold on each side in the larynx is called the _ _

Answer 59

rima vesibuli

Question 60

True or false: The true and false vocal folds are adducted by different muscles

Answer 60

FALSE, the same

Question 61

When the true and false vocal folds are adducted they _ the rima vestibuli

Answer 61

obliterate

Question 62

When the _ _ of the larynx are obliterated they _ intrabdominal pressure during urination, defecation, or parturition

Answer 62

rima vestibuli, increase

Question 63

The ventricle of Morgagni is the space located on either side of the larynx between the _ _ _ above and the _ _ _ below

Answer 63

false vocal folds, true vocal folds

Question 64

The ventricle of the larynx's action:

Answer 64

allowing free movement of the vocal folds

Question 65

The true vocal folds bound the ventricle of the larynx _.

Answer 65

inferiorly

Question 66

The true vocal folds are2 folds of mucous membrane that contain the _ muscle and the _ _

Answer 66

vocalis muscle, vocal ligament

Question 67

The true vocal folds extend from the angle of the _ cartilage in front of the vocal processes of the _ cartilages behind

Answer 67

thyroid cartilage, arytenoid cartilages

Question 68

True or false: the narrowest part of the laryngeal cavity is the rima vestibuli

Answer 68

FALSE, rima glottidis -NOT rima vestibuli

Question 69

The rima glottidis is the space found between the 2 _ _ folds

Answer 69

true vocal folds

Question 70

The vocal folds control the stream of air passing through the _ _ and are important in _ _.

Answer 70

rima glottidis, voice production

Question 71

The valleculae cavity of the pharynx contains 3 folds:

Answer 71

-median glossoepiglottic fold (1) -lateral glossoepiglottic fold(2)

Question 72

The median glossoepiglottic fold attaches the _ to the posterior _.

Answer 72

epiglottis to the posterior tongue

Question 73

The 2 LATERAL glossoepiglottic folds attach the _ to the _

Answer 73

epiglottis to the pharynx

Question 74

The depressions between the medial and lateral folds in the valleculae of the larynx are called the _ _

Answer 74

epiglottic valleculae

Question 75

The epiglottic valleculae of the larynx collects saliva from the _ _.

Answer 75

posterior tongue

Question 76

_ are important landmarks for intubation

Answer 76

valleculae