Ch 20 Neck Flashcards
(137 cards)
1
Q
The neck has 8 bones, _ of which are cervical vertebrae and a _ bone
A
7, hyoid
2
Q
The hyoid bone is _ shaped and lies on the _ portion of the neck between the _ and the _.
A
U, anterior, mandible and the larynx
3
Q
The hyoid bone’s body sits _ and has 2 greater and lesser horns projecting _.
A
anteriorly , posteriorly
4
Q
True or false: the hyoid bone articulates with CV3
A
FALSE; it doesn’t articulate with anything, just suspended by muscle
5
Q
The _ AKA voice box is a cartilaginous organ located at the upper end of the _.
A
larynx, voicebox, trachea
6
Q
The larynx consists of different cartilages but the largest is the _ cartilage
A
thyroid
7
Q
larynx is AKA=
A
voice box
8
Q
trachea is AKA =
A
windpipe
9
Q
The _ AKA _ is a cartilaginous pipe that extends from the _ above coursing _ through the neck into the thorax
A
trachea, windpipe, larynx, inferiorly
10
Q
The thyroid is an endocrine gland found on both _ of the trachea just _ the larynx
A
both sides, below
11
Q
The _ of the thyroid connects its 2 _ across the trachea
A
isthmus, lobes
12
Q
The parathyroid gland consists of - endocrine glands and is found on the _ surface of the thyroid gland
A
2-4, posterior
13
Q
True or false: the thyroid and parathyroid are both supplied by the anterior and posterior thyroid arteries
A
FALSE
SUPERIOR and INFERIOR thyroid arteries
14
Q
The muscle groups of the neck include (6):
A
-Platysma AKA Subcutaneous muscle
-Sternocleidomastoid
-INFRAhyoid muscles
-SUPRAhyoid muscles
-Scalene muscles
-Prevertebral muscles
15
Q
Platysma is AKA=
A
Subcutaneous muscle ATTACHES TO THE SKIN
16
Q
Platysma- origin-
A
Skin over the deltoid and pectoralis major muscles
think about shoulder and breast plates on deltoid and pecs of greek warriors
17
Q
Platysma -insertion-
A
lower BORDER of the mandible
18
Q
Platysma -action-
A
elevation of the skin OF the neck
19
Q
Platysma -innervation-
A
CNVII AKA Facial Nerve
20
Q
Sternocleidomastoid -origin-
A
STERNAL HEAD: manubrium of the sternum
CLAVICULAR HEAD: MEDIAL 3RD of the clavical
21
Q
Sternocleidomastoid -insertion-
A
mastoid process of the skull
22
Q
Sternocleidomastoid -action-
A
UNILATERAL: rotation of head to OPPOSITE side
BILATERAL: FLEXION of the head AT the neck
23
Q
Sternocleidomastoid -innervation-
A
CNXI AKA Accessory Nerve
24
Q
Infrahyoid muscles are AKA=
A
strap muscles
25
Infrahyoid muscle group AKA strap muscle group contains (4 muscles):
-ThyroHYoid
-SternoHYoid
-SternoTHYroid
-Omohyoid
26
ThyroHYoid -origin-*
thyroid cartilage
27
ThyroHyoid -insertion-
hyoid bone
28
ThyroHYoid -action-*
-elevation of larynx during speech and swallowing
-depression of the hyoid during speech and swallowing
29
ThyroHYoid -innervation-*
C1 VIA CNXII AKA Hypoglossal nerve
30
SternoHYoid -origin-
manubrium of the sternum
31
SternoHYoid -insertion-
hyoid bone
32
SternoHYoid -action-
depression of the larynx and hyoid during speech and swallowing
33
SternoHyoid -innervation-
Ansa Cervicalis
34
SternoTHYRoid -origin-
manubrium of the sternum
35
SternoTHYRoid -insertion-*
thyroid cartilage
36
SternoTHYRoid -action-
depression of the larynx and hyoid during speech and swallowing
37
SternoTHYRoid -innervation-
Ansa Cervicalis
38
Omohyoid -origin-*
SUPERIOR BORDER of the scapula
39
Omohyoid -insertion-
hyoid bone
40
Omohyoid -action-
depression of the larynx and hyoid during speech and swallowing
41
Omohyoid -innervation-
Ansa Cervicalis
42
Which muscle within the infrahyoid group AKA strap muscle group does NOT share an innervation with the rest? What is it?
Thyrohyoid
C1 via CN XII AKA hypoglossal nerve, not ansa cervicalis
43
Which muscle within the infrahyoid group AKA strap muscle group does NOT share an insertion with the rest? What is it?
Sternothyroid
thyroid bone, not hyoid bone
44
Which muscle within the infrahyoid group AKA strap muscle group does NOT share an action with the rest? What is it?
Thyrohyoid
elevation of larynx and depression of hyoid during speech and swallowing, not depression of both
45
Which muscles within the infrahyoid group AKA strap muscle group share their origin? What is it?
Sternohyoid and Sternothyroid
-manubrium of the sternum
46
The Suprahyoid muscle group includes (4 muscles):
Don't Get Me Started
-Digastric
-Geniohyoid
-Mylohyoid
-Stylohyoid
47
The Scalene Muscle group includes (3 muscles):
-Scalene Anterior
-Scalene Medius
-Scalene Posterior
48
Scalene Anterior -origin-
cervical vertebrae
49
Scalene Anterior -insertion-
1st rib
50
Scalene Anterior -action-
LATERAL FLEXION of the neck
elevation of the 1st rib
51
Scalene Anterior -innervation-
Ventral Rami
52
Scalene Medius -origin-
cervical vertebrae
53
Scalene Medius -insertion-
1st rib
54
Scalene Medius -action-
LATERAL FLEXION of the neck
elevation of the 1st rib
55
Scalene Medius -innervation-
Ventral Rami
56
Scalene Posterior -origin-
cervical vertebrae
57
Scalene Posterior -insertion-
2nd rib
58
Scalene Posterior -action-
LATERAL FLEXION of the neck
elevation of the 2ND RIB*
59
Scalene Posterior -innervation-
Ventral Rami
60
Which muscle within the scalene group does NOT share an insertion with the rest? What is it?*
Scalene Posterior
2nd rib
61
Which muscle within the scalene group does NOT share an action with the rest? What is it?*
Scalene Posterior
elevation of the 2nd rib, not the 1st
-still causes lateral flexion of the neck though*
62
What is the shared origin of the muscles of the scalene muscle group?
cervical vertebrae
63
What is the shared innervation of the muscles of the scalene muscle group?
Ventral Rami
64
What is the one shared action of the muscles of the scalene muscle group?
lateral flexion of the neck
65
Structures ANTERIOR to the scalene anterior muscle (5 structures):
Anterior: 5 things: 2 nerves, 2 veins, 1(2) artery
-Phrenic Nerve
-Vagus Nerve
-Common Carotid Artery/Internal Carotid Artery
-Internal Jugular Vein
-Subclavian VEIN
66
Structures POSTERIOR to the scalene anterior muscle (2 structures):
-Subclavian ARTERY
-Brachial Plexus
67
Scalene Triangle:
-Scalene Anterior(anterior boundary)
-Scalene Medius (posterior)
-1st Rib (inferior)
68
Which boundary of the Scalene Triangle does the 1st Rib make up?
Inferior Boundary
69
Which boundary of the Scalene Triangle does the Scalene Medius make up?
Posterior Boundary
70
Which boundary of the Scalene Triangle does the Scalene Anterior make up?
Anterior Boundary
71
The Prevertebral muscle group consists of 2 muscles, the _ _ and the _ _ AKA _
-longus capitis
-longus cervicis AKA colli
72
Longus Cervicis is part of the _ muscle group and is AKA=
Prevertebral
COLLI
73
Nerves of the neck include ( 3 main groups)
-Cervical Plexus
-CN X AKA Vagus Nerve
-Sympathetic Trunk
cvs
74
The cervical plexus is a _ nerve plexus formed by the _ rami of _-_.
Spinal, VENTRAL, C1-C4
75
The cervical plexus is arranged as an _ series of _ where the branches of the plexus arise.
irregular, loops
76
The branches of the plexus supply the _ and the _ muscles.
scalene, prevertebral
77
The 2 main named branches of the cervical plexus are the _ _ and the _ _.
-phrenic nerve
-ansa cervicalis
78
The phrenic nerve arises from the _ _ _ (_,_)
ventral ramus C4, (C3, C5)
79
The phrenic nerve courses through the neck _ to scalene anterior and through the thorax _ to the root of the lung.
anterior, anterior
80
The phrenic nerve courses through the neck anterior to the _ _ muscle and through the _ anterior to the _ of the _.
scalene anterior
thorax
root of the lung
81
True or false: the phrenic nerve innervates only one muscle: the sternocleidomastoid
FALSE,
The DIAPHRAGM, not sternocleidomastoid
82
Phrenic nerve innervates
DIAPHRAGM
PHRenic
diaPHRagm
83
The Ansa Cervicalis is a loop of _ _ that lies _ to the carotid sheath.
nervous tissue, anterior
Ansa Cervicalis
Anterior to Carotid
84
The Ansa Cervicalis is a loop of nervous tissue that lies anterior to the _ _.
Carotid Sheath
85
The 2 roots of the ansa cervicalis:
-superior root
-inferior root
86
True or False: The 2 roots of the ansa cervicalis are the anterior and posterior roots
FALSE;
superior and inferior
87
The superior root of the ansa cervicalis is derived from _ and connects with the _ _
C1, hypoglossal nerve
88
The inferior root is derived from _ and _.
C2 and C3
89
True or false: the ansa cervicalis supplies all infrahyoid muscles.
FALSE;
all EXCEPT the THYROHYOID MUSCLE
90
The superficial branches of the cervical plexus provide cutaneous supply to the _ region and the superior_
neck region and superior chest
91
The superficial branches of the cervical plexus include:*
Lesser Octopi
Get A
Terrible Cuttlefish
Supper
-Lesser Occipital (C2, C3)
-Greater Auricular (C2, C3)
-Transverse Cervical ( C2, C3)
-SuPRAclavicular (C3, C4)
92
CN X is AKA
Vagus Nerve
93
The CNX AKA Vagus nerve first arises from the _ and courses thru a foramen in the _ of the skull...(1/4)
brain, base
94
...The CNX AKA Vagus nerve, after going thru base of skull courses thru the _ in the _ _...(2/4)
neck, carotid sheath
95
...The CNX AKA Vagus nerve, after going thru the neck, courses thru the _, which lies _ to the root of the lung...(3/4)
thorax, POSTERIOR
96
...The CNX AKA Vagus nerve, after going thru thorax, courses thru the _ opening of the _ and enters the _ where it supplies abdominal muscles. (4/4)
esophageal , diaphragm, abdomen
97
The sympathetic trunk is part of the _ nervous system
AUTOnomic
98
The sympathetic trunk is found in the neck _ to the carotid sheath
POSTERIOR
99
Vessels of the neck include(4 items):
-Common Carotid Arteries and their branches
-Subclavian Arteries and their branches
-Subclavian Veins
-Jugular Veins
100
The aortic arch has 3 main branches including (3 items):
-Brachiocephalic Trunk
-Left Common Carotid Artery
-Left Subclavian Artery
101
The Brachiocephalic Trunk divides into the following (2 items)
-Right Subclavian Artery
-Right Common Carotid Artery
102
In general the subclavian arteries supply the _ _ and the carotid arteries supply the _ and _.
upper limbs, head and neck
103
In general the subclavian arteries supply the _ _
upper limbs
104
In general the carotid arteries supply the _ and _
head and neck
105
The Right Common Carotid Artery arises from the _ _.
brachiocephalic trunk
106
The Left Common Carotid Artery arises from the _ of the _.
Arch of the Aorta
107
Both the right and left common carotid arteries ascend thru the _ into its respective _ _.
neck, carotid sheath
108
Each common carotid artery terminates at the _ border of the respective side of the _ cartilage by dividing into its terminal branches, the _ and _ _ arteries.
upper border
thyroid cartilage
internal and external carotid arteries
109
Internal Carotid Artery is a terminal branch of the _ _artery.
common carotid
110
Each Internal Carotid Artery ascends within its respective _ _.
carotid sheath
111
Each Internal Carotid Artery enters the cranial cavity thru the _ _ to supply the _.
carotid canal, brain
112
True or false: The first branch of the internal carotid artery is the thyroid artery.
FALSE
does NOT give off any branches in the neck
the EXTERNAL carotid artery's first branch is the thyroid artery
113
Each External Carotid Artery ascends towards its respective _.
ear
114
Each _ carotid artery gives off _named branches that supply all the structures of the neck on its respective side.
EXTERNAL, 8
115
The first branch of the external carotid artery is the _ artery.
Thyroid artery
116
The right subclavian ARTERY arises as a branch of the _ _.
brachiocephalic trunk
117
The left subclavian ARTERY arises as a branch of the _ of the _.
arch of the aorta
118
The subclavian ARTERY is AKA the _ artery at the _ border of the _ _.
AXILLARY ARTERY at the lateral border of the 1st rib
119
Each subclavian ARTERY courses thru the neck on its respective side _ to the scalene anterior muscle. (1/2)
POSTERIOR
120
Each subclavian ARTERY courses over the _ rib on its respective side and at the _ border of the _ rib it is called the _ artery. (2/2)
1st rib, lateral border, 1st rib, axillary
121
One important branch of the subclavian ARTERIES is the _ artery which is the most posterior in the circle of Willis.
Vertebral
122
Each vertebral artery ascends thru its respective foramina in the _ processes of the _ vertebrae... (1/3)
transverse processes, cervical vertebrae
123
Each vertebral artery, after ascending thru the transverse processes of its CV, enters the _ cavity thru the _ _... (2/3)
cranial cavity, foramen magnum
124
Each vertebral artery, after entering the cranial cavity, joins the _ artery of the _ side to form the _ artery... (3/3)
vertebral, opposite, basilar
125
The basilar artery supplies the _ and is part of the _ of _.
brain, circle of willis
126
Each subclavian VEIN arises as a continuation of its respective _ _ at the _ border of the _ rib. (1/3)
axillary VEIN, lateral, 1st rib
127
Each subclavian VEIN courses thru its respective side of the neck _ to the _ _ muscle, which separates it from its respective _ _. (2/3)
ANTERIOR, scalene anterior muscle, subclavian ARTERY
128
Each subclavian VEIN terminates by joining with its respective _ _ _ to form the _ _. (3/3)
INTERNAL jugular vein, brachiocephalic vein
129
Each EXTERNAL jugular vein arises on its respective side from veins draining the _ and _. (1/3)
scalp and face
130
Each EXTERNAL jugular vein courses _ on its respective side across the _ muscle.(2/3)
SUPERFICIALLY, sternocleidomastoid muscle
131
Each EXTERNAL jugular vein terminates by joining its respective _ _.(3/3)
subclavian VEIN
132
Each INTERNAL jugular vein arises as a continuation of the _ _ that drain the _.(1/3)
dural sinuses, CSF
133
Each INTERNAL jugular vein courses thru the _ within its respective _ _.(2/3)
neck, carotid sheath
134
Each INTERNAL jugular vein terminates by joining its respective _ _ to form the _ _.(3/3)
subclavian VEIN, brachiocephalic vein
135
Fascia of the neck includes the _ _ (1 item)
carotid sheath
136
The carotid sheath is a _ of fascia on each side of the _.
condensation, neck
137
The carotid sheath surrounds 3 structures:
-common carotid artery or internal carotid artery
-internal jugular vein
-CNX AKA vagus nerve
