Ch 62 Consolidated Neurovasculature of the Lower Limb Flashcards by Liz Jarzembowski

The lumbosacral plexus supplies the entire _ and _ innervation of the lower limb

muscular and cutaneous

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The lumbosacral plexus is formed by the ventral rami of the spinal nerves _ thru _

L1 - S4

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The lumbosacral plexus can be subdivided into the _ and _ plexus

lumbar and sacral plexus

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Ventral ramus L4 bifurcates into an upper division that is part of the _ plexus and a lower division which is part of the _ plexus

lumbar
sacral

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The lumbar plexus is derived from the ventral rami _ to _ and the _ division of ventral ramus _

L1 to L3
upper division
L4

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The lumbar plexus is found on the _ wall of the abdomen within the substance of the _ _ muscle

posterior
psoas major m

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The lumbar plexus supplies structures on the _, _, and _ sides of the _

medial, lateral, anterior
thigh

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The sacral plexus is derived from the lower division of ventral ramus _ and ventral rami _ to _.

L4
L5 to S4

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The sacral plexus is found on the _ wall of the pelvis just medial to the _ muscle

lateral
piriformis

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The sacral plexus mainly supplies the structures of the _ region, posterior _, _, and _.

gluteal
thigh
leg
foot

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2 main nerves of the lumbar plexus

Femoral n
Obturator n

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The femoral nerve is derived from ventral rami _, _, and the _ division of _.

L2, L3
upper division
L4

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The femoral nerve emerges _ to the psoas major muscle and courses deep to the _ ligament and continues distally as it passes thru the _ _ and into the anterior thigh

laterally
inguinal
femoral triangle

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Branches of the femoral nerve supply all the muscles of the anterior thigh including the _ part of the iliopsoas m, the _, _ _, _ _, _ _, _ _, and the _ muscle of the medial thigh group

iliacus part
sartorius m
rectus femoris m
vastus lateralis m
vastus medialis m
vastus intermedius m
pectineus m

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The femoral nerve gives off cutaneous branches including the _ and the _ _ _ nerve

Saphenous n
Anterior Femoral Cutaneous n

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The saphenous nerve supplies the skin of the anterior medial _ and medial _.

leg
foot

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The anterior femoral cutaneous nerve supplies the skin of the anterior _.

thigh

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The obturator nerve is derived from the ventral rami _, _, and the upper division of _.

L2, L3, L4

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The obturator nerve emerges _ to the psoas major muscle and courses inferiorly along the _ wall of the pelvis, dividing into _ branches before passing thru the _ _.

medial
lateral
2
obturator foramen

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The anterior branch of the obturator nerve courses antero-inferiorly between the _ _ and _ muscles which it innervates in addition to the _ muscle and the skin of the mid-medial _.

Adductor Longus m
Adductor Brevis m
Gracilis m
thigh

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The posterior branch of the obturator nerve courses postero-inferiorly between the _ _ and _ muscles and innervates the _ _ muscle and the _ part of the _ _ muscle.

ADDuctor Brevis m
ADDuctor Magnus m
Obturator Externus m
ADDuctor part of the ADDuctor Magnus m

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Additional cutaneous branches of the lumbar plexus that supply skin around the lower abdominal wall, proximal thigh, and external genitalia. These nerves include the _, _, and _ nerves

Iliohypogastric n
Ilioinguinal n
Genitofemoral n

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The _ _ _ nerve is a branch of the lumbar plexus and supplies the lateral thigh.

Lateral Femoral Cutaneous n

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The sacral plexus is made up of 12 main nerves:

Superior Gluteal n
Inferior Gluteal n
Nerve to Quadratus Femoris and Inferior Gemellus m
Nerve to Obturator Internus and Superior Gemellus m
Nerve to Piriformis m
Posterior Femoral Cutaneous n
Pudendal n
Sciatic n
Tibial n
Common Fibular n
Superficial Fibular n
Deep Fibular n

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The superior gluteal nerve consists of the _ division of the ventral ramus _ and the ventral rami _ and _.

Lower Division L4 L5 S1

The superior gluteal n supplies the _ _ and _ muscles and the _ _ _ muscle.

Gluteus Medius m Gluteus Minimus m Tensor Fascia Latae m

The inferior gluteal nerve consists of the ventral rami of _, _, and _.

L5, S1, and S2

The inferior gluteal nerve supplies the _ _ muscle.

Gluteus Maximus m

The nerve to the quadratus femoris and inferior gemellus consists of the _ division of _ and the ventral rami of _ and _

lower division L4 L5 S1

The nerve to the quadratus femoris and the inferior gemellus supplies the _ _, the _ _, and the _ _ muscles

Gluteus Maximus m Quadratus Femoris m Inferior Gemellus m

The nerve to the obturator internus and superior gemellus consist of ventral rami of _, _, and _.

L5, S1, and S2

The nerve to the obturator internus and superior gemellus supplies the _ _ and _ _ muscles.

Obturator Internus m Superior Gemellus m

The nerve to the piriformis arises from the ventral rami of _ and it supplies the _ muscle.

S2 Piriformis m

The posterior femoral cutaneous nerve arises from the ventral rami of _, _, and _.

S1, S2, and S3

The posterior femoral cutaneous nerve supplies the _ of the _ thigh.

skin posterior

The pudendal nerve arises from the ventral rami of _, _, and _.

S2, S3, and S4

The pudendal nerve supplies the majority of structures in the _ and _ wall

pelvis pelvic wall

The sciatic nerve is derived from the _ division of ventral ramus _ thru the ventral rami of _

lower L4 S3

The sciatic nerve is composed of both the _ part and the _ _ part of the sciatic nerve wrapped in a common _.

tibial common fibular epineurium

As the sciatic nerve exits the pelvis, it courses _ the piriformis muscle continuing inferiorly and deep to the _ _ muscle towards the posterior thigh.

below Gluteus Maximus m

In the posterior thigh, the sciatic nerve courses between the _ muscles.

hamstring

In the thigh, the tibial part of the sciatic nerve innervates the extensor portion of the _ _muscle and the long head of the _ _ muscle, the _ muscle, and the _ muscle.

ADDuctor Magnus m Biceps Femoris m Semitendinosus m Semimembranosus m

The common fibular part of the sciatic nerve innervates the short head of the _ _ muscle.

Biceps Femoris m

The tibial and common fibular parts of the sciatic nerve divide into the _ and _ _ nerves in the lower _ of the thigh just proximal to the _ _.

Tibial n Common Fibular n 1/3 Popliteal Fossa

The tibial nerve travels inferiorly thru the midline of the _ _, sitting _ to the popliteal vein and artery.

Popliteal Fossa superficial

The tibial nerve courses between the heads of the _ muscles, deep to the _ muscle, and enters the _ compartment of the leg as it courses distally.

Gastrocnemius m Soleus m Deep compartment

The tibial nerve passes deep to the flexor retinaculum on the _ side of the ankle where it divides into the _ and _ _ nerves. These both supply the _ surface of the foot.

medial medial and lateral plantar n plantar

The tibial nerve innervates all 7 muscles of the posterior leg:

Gastrocnemius m Soleus m Plantaris m Popliteus m Tibialis Posterior m Flexor Digitorum Longus m Flexor Hallucis Longus m

After arising from the sciatic nerve in the lower 1/3 of the thigh, the common fibular nerve descends on the _ side of the _ _.

lateral popliteal fossa

The common fibular nerve winds around the fibula and divides into the _ and _ nerves

deep and superficial nerves

The common fibular nerve directly innervates _ muscles in the leg unlike its branches.

The superficial fibular nerve courses inferiorly in the _ compartment of the leg between the _ _ and _ _ muscles, innervating both.

lateral compartment Fibularis Longus m Fibularis Brevis m

The superficial fibular nerve supplies the skin of the _ leg and _ of the foot except the webspace between the first and second toes.

lateral dorsum

The deep fibular nerve passes from the _ to the _ compartment of the leg.

lateral to anterior

The deep fibular nerve innervates the entire anterior leg including (4 items)

Tibialis Anterior m Extensor Hallucis Longus m Extensor Digitorum Longus m Fibularis Tertius m

The deep fibular nerve also innervates the _ _ _ muscle on the dorsum of the foot.

Extensor Digitorum Brevis m

The deep fibular nerve supplies the _ between the first and second toes.

webspace (ew)

The abdominal aorta divides into the right and left _ _ arteries at the level of _.

common iliac a LV4

The common iliac artery courses inferiorly and laterally for about _cm before dividing into the _ and_ _ arteries along the _ _.

5cm internal and external iliac a pelvic brim

The internal iliac artery courses inferiorly and posteriorly along the wall of the pelvis giving off branches to pelvic organs (including the _ _ artery) and 2 branches that supply the _ region, called the superior and inferior _ arteries.

internal pudendal a gluteal superior and inferior gluteal a

The superior gluteal artery exits the pelvis to enter the gluteal region _ the piriformis muscle with the superior gluteal nerve and courses between the _ _ and _ muscles.

above gluteus medius and minimus m

The inferior gluteal artery leaves the pelvis to enter the gluteal region _ the piriformis muscle with the inferior gluteal nerve and lies _ to the _ _ muscle.

below deep gluteus maximus m

The external iliac artery continues inferiorly towards the thigh and as it courses deep to the _ ligament it changes names to the _ artery.

inguinal femoral a

The femoral artery lies _ to the femoral nerve and _ to the femoral vein in the femoral triangle.

medial lateral

The femoral triangle is found in the _ portion of the anterior thigh

superior

In the proximal thigh, the femoral artery gives off the large _ _ artery whose branches supply the _ and _ muscles.

Profunda Femoris a ADDuctor and hamstring muscles

The femoral artery courses thru the anterior thigh and passes to the distal posterior thigh thru the _ _ where it becomes the _ artery.

ADDuctor hiatus Popliteal a

The popliteal artery courses distally thru the _ _ where it lies _ to the popliteal vein and tibial nerve.

popliteal fossa deep

At the lower portion of the popliteal fossa, the popliteal artery divides into the _ and _ _ arteries.

anterior and posterior tibial a

After coming off the _ artery, the anterior tibial artery immediately passes thru a gap in the interosseus membrane as it courses from the _ to the _ compartment of the leg.

popliteal a posterior to anterior compartment

The anterior tibial artery continues to course distally in the anterior compartment of the leg with the _ _ (peroneal) nerve.

Deep Fibular (Peroneal) Nerve

The anterior tibial artery changes it names to _ _ at the level of the medial and lateral _.

Dorsalis Pedis a malleoli

The dorsalis pedis artery supplies the _ of the foot.

dorsum

The posterior tibial artery descends thru the deep posterior leg coursing with the _ nerve.

tibial n

In the proximal leg, the posterior tibial artery gives off the _ artery.

fibular (peroneal) a

The posterior tibial artery courses deep to the _ _ on the medial side of the ankle.

flexor retinaculum

The posterior tibial artery terminates by dividing in to the _ and _ _ arteries.

medial and lateral plantar a

The medial and lateral plantar arteries course with the medial and lateral plantar nerves and supply the _ surface of the foot.

plantar

The fibular artery is a _ branch of the posterior tibial artery and supplies the _ _ muscles of the leg on the _ side.

proximal deep posterior lateral

The fibular artery's branches terminate at the _ and do not enter the foot.

ankle

Blood is returned from the lower limb by 2 sets of veins:

deep and superficial veins

_ veins course with an artery of the same name and they drain the same area supplied by their associated artery.

Deep

_ to the knee, the deep veins are paired on each side of their associated artery and this arrangement is called _ _.

Distal Venae Comitantes

_ veins originate in the foot, course proximally thru the _ tissue and terminate by joining the _ veins.

Superficial subcutaneous Deep

The 6 major superficial veins of the lower limb are:

Plantar Digital v Dorsal Digital v Dorsal Metatarsal v Dorsal Venous arch Greater Saphenous v Lesser Saphenous v

Plantar digital veins course along the _ surface of the toes.

inferior

Dorsal digital veins course along the _ surface of the toes

superior

Dorsal metatarsal veins are formed by joining of the _ and _ _ veins.

dorsal and plantar digital veins

The dorsal metatarsal veins are found in the _ surface of the metatarsals.

superior

The _ _ _ is formed by the joining of the _ _ veins and is found on the _ surface of the foot.

dorsal venous arch dorsal metatarsal v superior

The dorsal venous arch gives off both _ veins.

saphenous v

The longest vein in the body is the _ _ vein

Greater Saphenous v

The greater saphenous vein arises from the _ side of the dorsal venous arch.

medial

The greater saphenous vein courses _ to the medial malleoli and then _ along the medial border of the leg.

anteriorly superiorly

The greater saphenous vein courses _ to the medial condyles of the tibia and femur and _ along the medial border of the thigh.

posteriorly superiorly

As the greater saphenous vein courses thru the fascia in the upper thigh it terminates by entering the _ _ in the femoral triangle.

femoral vein

The lesser saphenous vein arises from the _ side of the dorsal venous arch

lateral

The lesser saphenous vein courses anterior to the medial malleoli _ to the lateral malleoli and then _ along the posterior border of the leg`

anterior posterior superiorly

The lesser saphenous vein terminates by joining the _ vein in the _ _.

popliteal v popliteal fossa

Ch 62 Consolidated Neurovasculature of the Lower Limb Flashcards

(99 cards)