Ch 29 Respiratory System

Question 1

The _ system of the body is concerned with gas transport and exchange.

Answer 1

respiratory

Question 2

The 2 phases of the respiratory system are

Answer 2

Conductive Phase
Gas Exchange Phase

Question 3

T/F The conductive phase of the respiratory system is concerned with the exchange of O2 and CO2 between the blood and air sacs in the lungs

Answer 3

false, gas exchange phase

Question 4

T/F The gas exchange phase is concerned with the movement of gases from the outer environment thru the respiratory tubes into the lungs

Answer 4

false, the conduction phase

Question 5

The order air passes from the outer environment into the lungs thru different organs is (7 items):

Answer 5

Nasal Cavity (or Oral)
Pharynx
Larynx
Trachea
Bronchi
Bronchioles
Lungs

Question 6

The _ is a cartilaginous and membranous tube from the larynx to the point where it bifurcates into 2 primary bronchi below.

Answer 6

trachea

Question 7

The trachea is about _ cm long in vivo and air is conducted thru it during the process of _.

Answer 7

15cm
respiration

Question 8

The trachea is composed of a series of _ to _ C shaped rings of _ cartilage, each almost encircling the lumen.

Answer 8

16-20
hyaline

Question 9

The open ends of the incomplete cartilaginous tracheal rings are directed _ leaving a gap between the ends bridged by _ _ and _ _.

Answer 9

posteriorly
connective tissue
smooth muscle

Question 10

The connective tissue bridge in between the open ends of tracheal rings is adjacent to the posteriorly related _.

Answer 10

esophagus

Question 11

The tracheal bifurcation marks the end of the trachea and beginning of the 2 _ _.

Answer 11

primary bronchi

Question 12

T/F the right primary bronchus is smaller in caliber but twice as long as the left primary bronchus.

Answer 12

false, the left is smaller but twice as long as the right

Question 13

The _ primary bronchus is wider, shorter, and straighter than the _ primary bronchus

Answer 13

right
left

Question 14

The right primary bronchus is about _cm long and forms a _ acute angle with the trachea than the left.

Answer 14

2.5cm
less

Question 15

The right primary bronchus enters the lung at the _ of the right lung and divides into 3 _ _ , one for each lobe of the right lung.

Answer 15

hilus
secondary bronchi

Question 16

Each of the 3 right secondary bronchi branch into several tertiary bronchi that supply a _ _.

Answer 16

bronchopulmonary segment

Question 17

Bronchopulmonary segments are separated from each other by connective tissue _ that prevents diffusion of air from one into another.

Answer 17

septa

Question 18

The left primary bronchus is _ cm long and forms a _ acute angle with the trachea than the right primary bronchus

Answer 18

5cm
more

Question 19

Objects falling into the trachea are more likely to get lodged in the _ bronchus because it is more in line with the trachea than the _ bronchus.

Answer 19

right
left

Question 20

The right lung has _ lobes and the left has _.

Answer 20

3
2

Question 21

The left primary bronchus enters the left lung thru the _ and divides into 2 _ _, one for each lobe

Answer 21

hilus
secondary bronchi

Question 22

Tertiary bronchi subdivide further into more bronchi and then into _.

Answer 22

bronchioles

Question 23

_ are smaller than bronchi

Answer 23

bronchioles

Question 24

Bronchioles are part of the _ of the lung and therefore do not need _ in their walls to prevent them from collapsing during inspiration unlike _.

Answer 24

substance
cartilages
bronchi

Question 25

Terminal bronchioles divide into _ _ which are short tubes of connective tissue and smooth muscle.

Answer 25

respiratory bronchioles

Question 26

A few _ bud off respiratory bronchioles, hence their name.

Answer 26

alveoli

Question 27

Respiratory bronchioles branch into cone-like radiation into _ to _ alveolar ducts

Answer 27

2-11

Question 28

Alveolar ducts are _ and _ - walled tubes of connective tissue and smooth muscle

Answer 28

long thin-walled

Question 29

Alveolar ducts contain both _ alveoli and _ _ .

Answer 29

single alveoli alveolar sacs

Question 30

At the alveolar level there is no more cartilage or smooth muscle, just a thin layer of _ and connective tissue

Answer 30

epithelium

Question 31

The most conspicuous feature of the alveoli is the presence of numerous _ adjacent to them which are situated with their surface directed _ the the alveoli

Answer 31

capillaries towards

Question 32

The respiratory membrane (where gas exchange occurs) is composed of the _ and _ walls.

Answer 32

alveolar capillary

Question 33

Each lung has an _, a _, and _ surfaces.

Answer 33

apex base 3

Question 34

The apex of the lung is found on its _ end

Answer 34

superior

Question 35

The costal surface of the lungs is adjacent to the _ wall.

Answer 35

thoracic

Question 36

The 3 surfaces of the lung are:

Answer 36

costal diaphragmatic medial

Question 37

The diaphragmatic surface (base) of the lung is adjacent to the upper surface of the diaphragm and is _ in shape

Answer 37

concave

Question 38

The medial surface of the lung is adjacent to the _ and other thoracic organs and presents a locust, the _ where all structures that enter or exit the lung pass.

Answer 38

heart hilus or hilum

Question 39

The name given to the conglomerate of structures entering and exiting the lung is the _ of the _.

Answer 39

root of the lung

Question 40

The 3 structures forming the root of the lung are:

Answer 40

Pulmonary artery Pulmonary Veins Primary Bronchus

Question 41

The pulmonary artery is part of the pulmonary _ that brings _ blood to the lungs from the heart

Answer 41

trunk deoxygenated

Question 42

T/F The pulmonary arteries carry oxygenated blood back to the left atrium

Answer 42

FALSE, they carry deoxygenated blood to the lungs

Question 43

T/F Pulmonary veins return oxygenated blood back to the heart.

Answer 43

true

Question 44

The primary bronchus is a branch of the _ and serves as a passageway for air.

Answer 44

trachea

Question 45

The right lung has _ fissures, the _ and _ fissure.

Answer 45

2 transverse (horizontal) oblique

Question 46

The fissures of the right lung divide it into _ lobes, the _, _, and _ lobes

Answer 46

3 upper (superior) middle lower (inferior)

Question 47

The left lung has one fissure called the _ fissure

Answer 47

oblique

Question 48

The left lung's oblique fissure divides the left lung into a _ and _ lobe

Answer 48

upper (superior) lower (inferior)

Question 49

The left lung contains a _ and _ _

Answer 49

lingula cardiac notch

Question 50

T/F the right lung has 3 lobes which account for it possessing the lingula and cardiac notch.

Answer 50

False, the left lung contains those 2 structures